Tsarin al'ada na aiki yana da wuya kuma wani lokacin ba shi da tabbas. Sau da yawa akwai yanayi inda za a adana rayuwar yaro kuma mahaifiyar ya kamata ta kasance da sauri don kammala haihuwar. A wannan yanayin, likitan obstetrician-gynecologist ya yanke shawara a hankali a kan tsayar da tsakar obstetric.
Ƙarfin abu mai ƙarfi - wani bitan tarihin
A karo na farko digpsric forceps ya halitta by P. Chamberlain, wanda ya kiyaye asirin sirri da kuma amfani da na sirri enrichment.
Jama'a sune magungunan, na biyu an kirkiro shi shekaru 125 bayan dan likita mai suna Palfin. Tun daga wannan lokacin (1723) an fara amfani da dakarwar dajiyar daji a cikin kasashen Turai, sa'an nan kuma a Rasha da sauran rukunonin Soviet.
Har zuwa lokacin lokacin da satar maganin suka fara shiga aikin obstetric, ƙarfin obstetric sune kawai hanyar da aka kubutar da rayuwar jarirai da mata masu haihuwa, ciki har da.
Ƙarfin ƙananan ƙarfi - nau'ikan da fasaha na aikace-aikacen
Har zuwa yau, a cikin duka, akwai fiye da nau'i 600 na matakan obstetric da suka bambanta a tsarin su da kuma tsarin aikace-aikace.
Dangane da yanayin da tayi yake da shi, ana rarraba takalman:
- Ƙarƙwarar ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar hanzari (na al'ada) - a kan kai, babban ɓangaren wanda yake a cikin jirgin saman fita daga ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar. Ba a yi amfani da takaddama na kayan aiki na kayan aiki ba, saboda a wannan matsayi na shugaban wanda zai iya yin aiki tare.
- Dole ake buƙatar ƙwanƙwasa ƙananan obstetrical (atypical) idan shugaban yana tsaye kai tsaye a cikin rami na ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar.
- An yi amfani da ƙananan katako a lokacin da shugaban ya kasance a ƙofar karamin ƙananan ƙwayar. Aikace-aikace na tsauraran matakai yana da haɗari da hadaddun hanya, yana haifar da rikitarwa na haihuwa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka dakatar da shi a yanzu.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, samfurori na yau da kullum suna kunshe da spoons biyu na symmetrical, da kulle da kuma rike.
Da mataki na motsi na makullin - nau'in haɗi, ƙwanƙiri na obstetric za a iya raba zuwa:
- Rashanci (ƙofar gida yana da sauki);
- Jamusanci (ƙauren ke kusa ba shi da ƙaranci);
- Turanci (matsakaicin matsakaici);
- Faransanci (gine-ginen kafaffen).
A cikin kasarmu, mafi yawancin harsunan Ingilishi suna amfani da Simpson a gyare-gyare na obstetrician Phenomenov, tare da wannan suna Simpson-Phenomenov. Wannan samfurin ya ƙunshi sassa biyu - cokosan hagu da hagu, waɗanda ke da nau'i biyu (head da pelvic), makullin makullin, mai rike da ƙuƙwalwa tare da sandan Bush don gyara hannayensu. Nauyin nauyin hardps shine 500 grams, tsawon shine kimanin 35 cm. Ka'idodin ƙarfin gaggawa na kwakwalwa yana dogara da halaye na kayan aiki, musamman akan ko samfurin fitarwa ko kullin.
Ƙarfin hanzari - shaida da sakamakon
Alamomin da ake amfani da shi don amfani da karfi shine:
- cututtuka na tsarin na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kodan zuciya, zuciyar mace bata dace da nauyin aiki;
- rauni aiki;
- mota mai tayi mai tayi ;
- prolapse of umbilical igiyar madaukai;
- Rigar da ba a kai ba a cikin mahaifa da sauran mutane, a hankali na likita.
Har ila yau, ga hanya akwai yanayin da ke biyewa:
- tayi mai dacewa;
- cikakken bayaninwa;
- daidaituwa da kai da ƙirar ƙira;
- babu tarin fuka mai tayi.
Baya ga siffofin da ke sama, ya kamata a lura da cewa hanyar da za a yi amfani da takunkumi na katako na da wuya, kuma ba dukkanin kwararrun suna da wannan ƙwarewa ba. Bugu da ƙari, rikitarwa yana yiwuwa, duka biyu a cikin ɓangaren mahaifiyar da yaro. Wato:
- damuwa na canal haihuwa, rupture na cervix , da kuma wani lokacin mahaifa kanta;
- ciwo zuwa ga kai da jijiyoyin na tayi;
- Paresis na fatar jiki;
- hematomas;
- kwance a cikin kwakwalwa da sauran mutane.