Kwayoyin cuta sune rukuni na cututtuka da wasu nau'in kwayoyin halitta ke haifarwa - kwayoyin halitta, mafi yawan marasa lafiya, wanda aka gano cewa babu wani shingen ganuwar da membrane yake kewaye da shi da kuma kasancewa mai bango mai karfi. Ana rarraba kwayoyin halitta a wurare da dama, ciki har da siffar tantanin halitta, dangane da abin da aka ware:
- cocci - suna da nau'i na ball (staphylococci, streptococci, meningococci, da dai sauransu);
- sandunansu - suna da nau'i na madaidaiciya ko igiyoyi masu tsayi (E. coli, shigella, tubercle bacillus, da sauransu);
- Crimson kwayoyin cuta - kama da siffar da karkace na mashawarci (leptospira, kodadde treponema, da dai sauransu);
- kwayoyin cutallate - suna da kwayar cellular (cholera vibrio);
- kwayoyin dake canza siffar, - kwayoyin halitta ba tare da bangon tantanin halitta ba, sunadarai a cikin sel (mycoplasmas).
Bambanci na cututtuka na kwayan cuta shine cewa yayin aikin rayuwa da kuma bayan mutuwar kwayoyin cuta, ana fitar da gubobi, haifar da kumburi, maye da kuma lalata nama. Kwayoyin cuta ba su inganta ko dai saboda kunna microflora na jikin su tare da ragewa a cikin rigakafi, ko sakamakon sakamakon kamuwa da cuta daga mutumin da ba shi da lafiya ko mai dauke da kwayan cuta.
Nau'i na cututtuka na kwayan cuta
Dukkan cututtuka na kwayan cuta ta hanyar nauyin watsawa sun kasu kashi hudu:
- Magunguna na cututtuka na hanji mai ma'ana sune magungunan salula (salmonellosis, typhoid zazzabi, dysentery, guba abinci, campylobacteriosis, da dai sauransu).
- Kwayoyin cuta na sashin jiki na numfashi - hanzari na hanyar watsawa (sinusitis, tonsillitis, ciwon huhu, mashako, da dai sauransu).
- Kwayar cutar fata ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa (erysipelas, impetigo, phlegmon, furunculosis, hydradenitis, da dai sauransu).
- Kwayar cuta na kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ce ta hanyar watsawa (tularemia, annoba, typhus zazzabi, tarin zazzabi, da sauransu).
Har ila yau, cututtuka na kwayan cuta za a iya raba su dangane da gabobin da aka shafa, kuma dangane da tsarin da aka shafa:
- Abune-cututtuka na asibiti;
- kamuwa da cututtuka na tsarin mai juyayi;
- kamuwa da kwayar lymphatic;
- cututtuka na tsarin musculoskeletal, da dai sauransu.
Cutar cututtuka da alamun cututtuka na kwayan cuta
Magungunan yankin na cututtuka da kwayoyin da ke haifar da su da kuma shafi sassa daban daban na jiki da gabobin suna da ƙayyadaddun. Duk da haka, zamu iya gane bambancin bayyanai na kowa, halayyar mafi yawan lokuta na cututtuka na kwayan cuta:
- ƙara yawan yawan zafin jiki;
- launi;
- raunin gaba daya, malaise;
- rashin ci;
- ciwon kai;
- Nausea;
- vomiting;
- suma.
A cikin gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje, yawancin kamuwa da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta jiki yana nuna halin alaƙa:
- leukocytosis (karuwa a yawan leukocytes);
- neutrophilia (karuwa a cikin granulocytes neutrophilic);
- motsawa na leukocyte dabara zuwa hagu;
- ƙãrawa a cikin erythrocyte sedimentation rate;
- wani karuwa mai yawa a cikin ƙaddamarwa na gina jiki mai C-mai da jini cikin jini.
Don gano irin kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da tsari mai cutar, za a iya gudanar da bincike na gaba:
- bacteriological - lokacin da aka zaba abin da aka zaba daga mayar da hankali na ƙonewa a kan kafofin watsa labaru na musamman, bayan haka an gane bayanan bayan ci gaban mazauna;
- microscopic - jarraba abubuwan da aka zaɓa a karkashin wani microscope;
- serological - tabbatar da kasancewar kwayoyin cuta a cikin jini zuwa wasu nau'ikan microorganisms.
A lura da cututtuka na kwayan cuta, cututtuka na antibacterial , detoxification, da kuma maganin magunguna na amfani.