Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shawo kan mutum ko kuma dukan masu sauraro game da adalcin kowane hukunci. Dukansu sun haɗa da ka'idar gardama.
Manufar jayayya yana kunshe ne da kawo jayayya na magana da kuma tabbatar da wani, kuma dalilin dalili shine ƙila ga wani mataki. Duk da yake, yana da daraja a lura cewa wasu lokuta mabarbar gardama yana nufin ba kawai hanyoyin maganganun ba. Wasu zane-zane da kuma fuska fuska, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa, kuma wani lokaci mabudin iya zama hujja mafi karfi.
Abin da aka haɗa a cikin tsari na gardama:
- rubuce-rubuce (bayyananne bayani game da ra'ayin mutum da matsayi);
- muhawara - wasu muhawarar da ke taimakawa wajen jayayya da tabbatar da daidaito na matsayinku;
- zanga-zanga, wato, hanyar yin jituwa, lokacin da kuke haɗakar da muhawararku zuwa taƙaitaccen labari.
Mahimman ka'idodin jayayya a cikin rikice-rikice da / ko tsari na rinjayar su ne ka'idodi na yaudara, da kuma ayyuka na tunani mai zurfi. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shi ne masu sauraron da ake magana da ku, saboda jayayya mai tasiri yana nufin tattaunawa a wani mataki, fahimta ga bangarorin biyu. Dukkan abubuwan da aka tattauna a cikin wannan yanayin ana daukar su a matsayin ɗaya.
Akwai nau'i-nau'i guda biyu: "don" (jayayya akan goyon bayan ku) da kuma "a kan" (ƙwararraki masu ƙarfi waɗanda suka tabbatar da rashin daidaitattun wurare da kuka soki).
Hanyar mahimmancin gardama:
- muhimmin hanya. Yana nufin sanin masaniyar mai magana tare da gaskiyar, wanda shine ainihin muhawararku. A matsayinka na mulkin, ana amfani da bayanan lissafi da kuma siffofi;
- Hanyar sabani. A nan sau da yawa ana amfani da irin gardama "a kan", lokacin da ka gano rikice-rikice a cikin gardama na mai magana. Wannan hanya na jayayya ana amfani dashi a cikin jayayya;
- Hanyar kwatanta ita ce daya daga cikin hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta maganganu. Tabbas, a yayin da aka zaba da kwatancen da kyau. Wannan jayayya bata shafi tunanin kawai ba, har ma da motsin zuciyar mai shiga. Hanyar kwatanta ta ba ka damar sanya karshen abokin adawar don amincewa da rubutun ka;
- Hanyar m yarjejeniya tare da ƙiyayya. Sanya kawai - yana da kalmar magana mai "yes ..., amma ...", da damar yin la'akari da wadata da kwarewa na yarda da abokin adawar. Da yake yarda tare da ra'ayinsa, za ka rage yawan zalunci na faɗakarwa ga bayaninka kuma ka yi ƙoƙari ka yi la'akari da daidaiwar gardamarka;
A yayin shakka, zaka iya amfani da hanyoyi masu yawa na jayayya, zaɓar waɗanda suke da tasiri a lokaci daya ko wani. Duk da haka, ka tuna cewa wani lokaci ana haifar da gaskiya a cikin wata gardama, don haka zama mai sauƙi don kada ya rasa shi.