Bronchoscopy ne tracheobronchoscopy ko fibrobronchoscopy - hanyar da ake kira endoscopic hanya na nazarin gani na kai tsaye daga itacen mucous tracheobronchial. A hankali, wannan hanya ta ba da damar likita ya gani tare da idanu kansa yanayin suturar jikin bronchi da trachea - don nuna cututtuka ko kuma zana hankalin game da lafiyar mai lafiya. Ƙarshen ƙarar abu ne mai wuya, saboda, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai dalilai masu mahimmanci don ƙwayar cutar jiki, wanda aka samo ta wasu hanyoyi na jarrabawa.
Indications ga bronchoscopy
Bronchoscopy za a iya aiwatar da dalilai guda biyu - don ganewar asali da magani. Mafi yawancin lokuta, alamun da ke nunawa game da halinsa sun ƙayyade zubar da ƙumburi ko kumburi.
Idan an gano x-ray don zama matakai mara kyau a cikin aljihu, ko kuma idan mai haƙuri ya nuna hemoptysis, to wannan alama ce mai kyau don aiwatar da wannan hanya.
Har ila yau, ƙwayar cutar ta jiki zai iya cire ƙwayoyin waje. Bronchoscopy yana da dangantaka da biopsy a cikin lokuta inda ya wajaba a koyi game da yanayin ilimi.
Saboda haka, a taƙaice yana yiwuwa a raba wasu maki yayin da aka nuna bronchoscopy:
- tare da konewa - kima akan matakin da lalacewa ke ciki;
- a lokacin da tari - ƙayyade dalilin da yake haifar da na kullum alama;
- lokacin da hawan jini - gano dalilin sakin jini da ƙuduri;
- kasancewar kungiyoyin kasashen waje a cikin sassan jiki na numfashi;
- Ma'anar magunguna na cututtuka na numfashi (tare da rashin lafiya).
- shan nama don jarrabawa;
- Ma'anar mataki na ciwon daji na huhu ;
- don gyaran magani.
Ta haka ne, ƙwayar cutar jiki ta nuna cikakken damar yin nazari game da yanayin cututtuka, gyaran magani, da kuma wasu lokuta don magani.
Don dalilai na asibiti, ana amfani da bronchoscopy don:
- hakar wani jikin waje;
- kau da jini da turawa;
- gabatar da kwayoyi kai tsaye zuwa cikin kuturu;
- kawar da ciwon huhu;
- sake dawowa da shinge na trachea.
Shirye-shiryen na bronchoscopy
Shirye-shiryen hanya ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa:
- X-ray na kirji, da electrocardiography. Binciken farko ya ƙunshi ma'anar urea da gases a cikin jini.
- Gargadin likita game da kasancewa ko rashin ciwon sukari, ciwon zuciya da kuma cututtukan zuciya. Samun maganin antidepressants da maganin hormone ya kamata ya sanar da endoscopist kafin hanyar.
- Bronchoscopy an yi a cikin komai a ciki. Sabili da haka, abincin na ƙarshe ya zama ba a gaba ba bayan 21:00.
- Samun ruwa a ranar bincike kafin a hana hanya.
- Bronchoscopy za'a iya yin ne kawai a ɗakunan dakunan da aka sanye musamman, tun da yiwuwar kamuwa da cuta cikin jiki yana da yawa. Tabbatar da haka. Wannan ma'aikata na kiwon lafiya yana biye da duk ma'auni.
- Kafin wannan hanya, marasa lafiya na motsa jiki na iya buƙatar magungunan kirki.
- Kafin aikin, kana buƙatar shirya kayan tawul da takalma, tun bayan da zai iya zama hemoptysis.
- Har ila yau, kafin a cire hanya ta cire ciwon hakora, cusa gyaran gyare-gyare da kayan ado.
Ta yaya ake yin bronchoscopy?
Kafin yin suturar jiki daga cikin huhu, mai haƙuri ya cire tufafinsu na waje kuma ya cire kullunsa. A ciwon ƙwayar cututtuka da kuma asma (cututtuka tare da spasm na huhu), dimedrol, seduxen da atropine ana gudanar da minti 45 kafin a fara hanya, da minti 20 kafin a fara, ana gudanar da wani bayani na euphyllin. A lokacin da aka gano cutar ta nakasassu, an yi haƙuri a kan ƙwayar salbutamol aerosol, wanda ya rushe bronchi. Don anesthesia na gida, ana amfani da nebulizers don bi da nasopharynx da oropharynx. Wannan wajibi ne don kawar da kwakwalwar motsi.
Matsayin da mai haƙuri ke zaune - kwance ko zaune, likita ya ƙaddara.
An saka karshen endoscope a cikin fili na numfashi a ƙarƙashin kulawar hangen nesa ta hanci ko baki, bayan haka likita ya tantance daga duk inda wurare masu sha'awa.
Sakamakon magunguna
Sau da yawa, ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta ba tare da wani sakamako mai tsanani - ƙananan ƙididdigar iska da ƙuƙwalwa a rana ba. Duk da haka, akwai lokuta idan ganuwar maski sun lalace, ciwon huhu yana tasowa, bronchospasm, rashin lafiya da zub da jini bayan bayanan biopsy.