Erythrocytes sune kwayoyin jinin jini wadanda ke dauke da haemoglobin. Suna da alhakin ba da iskar oxygen daga huhu zuwa gabobin. Ananawa ko anemia shine yanayin da yakamata yawan adadin jini a cikin jini yana raguwa ko wadannan kwayoyin sun ƙunshi ƙananan adadin yawan haemoglobin.
Abun cututtuka ne na kowane lokaci, wato, alama ce ta wasu cututtuka.
Sakamakon anemia
Akwai dalilai masu yawa na wannan jiha, amma mafi yawan mutane sune:
- Ragewa a cikin samar da jinin jini ta kasusuwa. A matsayinka na mulkin, ana kiyaye shi tare da cututtuka masu ciwon zuciya, cututtuka na kullum, cututtuka na koda, cututtuka endocrin, ƙarancin gina jiki.
- Rashin jiki a jikin wasu abubuwa, da farko - baƙin ƙarfe, da bitamin B12 , acid acid. Wasu lokuta, musamman a lokacin yaro da kuma samari, ana iya haifar da anemia saboda rashin abinci bitamin C.
- Rushe (hemolysis) ko rage tsawon lokacin jinin jini. Ana iya kiyaye shi tare da cututtuka na sutura, cututtuka na hormonal.
- Miki ko ciwon jini.
Ƙayyade na anemia
- Ƙananan rashi anemia. Wannan nau'i na anemia yana haɗuwa da rashi a jikin baƙin ƙarfe, kuma mafi yawan lokuta ana lura da shi da hasara ta jini, a cikin matan da ke da haila mai nauyi, a cikin mutanen da suke bin abinci mai tsanani, tare da ciwon ciki ko ciwon duodenal, ciwon ciki.
- Anemia m. Wani nau'i na nau'i na rashin rashi, wanda ke hade da rashi a jiki na bitamin B12, saboda rashin digestibility.
- Anemia aplastic. Yana faruwa a cikin rashi ko rashin nama wanda yake samar da erythrocytes a cikin kututture. Mafi sau da yawa an bayyana shi a marasa lafiya na ciwon daji, saboda yaduwar cutar, amma har ila yau za'a iya haifar da wasu (misali, sinadaran).
- Ciwon ƙwayar cututtuka na sikila shine cututtukan da ke dauke da kwayar cutar tarythrocytes.
- Anemia spherocytic na al'ada. Wani nau'in cuta wanda ba shi da magungunan da yake ciki ne wanda erythrocytes ya zama wanda bai dace ba (spherical maimakon biconcave) kuma an hallaka shi da sauri. Saboda irin wannan cuta da ake nunawa ta karuwa a cikin rami, ci gaban jaundice, kuma yana iya haifar da matsaloli tare da kodan.
- Magani anemia. Yana taso ne saboda karfin jiki zuwa kowace magani: yana iya fusatar da wasu sulfonamides da ma aspirin (tare da ƙara yawan ƙwarewa ga miyagun ƙwayoyi).
Darajar digiri na anemia
An kwance cututtuka kamar yadda yake da nau'i na tsanani, dangane da yawancin abun ciki na hemoglobin cikin jini an rage (a madadin gram / lita). Alamar al'ada su ne: a cikin maza daga 140 zuwa 160, a cikin mata daga 120 zuwa 150. A cikin yara, wannan alamar yana dogara ne da shekaru kuma zai iya canzawa sosai. Rage matakin hemoglobin da ke ƙasa 120 g / l yana da dalilin yin magana game da anemia.
- Hasken haske - matakin hemoglobin cikin jini yana ƙasa da al'ada, amma ba kasa da 90 g / l ba.
- Matsakaicin tsari shine matakin hemoglobin na 90-70 g / l.
- Nau'i mai tsanani - matakin hemoglobin a cikin jini a kasa 70 g / l.
A lokuta marasa lafiya na anemia, cututtuka na asibiti na iya zama babu: an buƙatar bukatar jiki don oxygen ta hanyar kunna ayyukan ƙwayoyin zuciya da na numfashi, kara yawan samar da erythrocytes. A cikin lokuta mafi tsanani, akwai fata na fata, kara ƙaruwa, rashin hankali. A lokuta masu tsanani, rashin ƙarfi, ci gaban jaundice, da bayyanar cututtuka a kan ƙwayoyin mucous zai yiwu.
Doctors bincikar anemia kuma sun rubuta magani akan gwajin gwajin.