Idan bincike na biochemical ya nuna bilirubin hawan jini a cikin jini, to akwai dalilai da dama. Don fahimtar su, yana da daraja la'akari da metabolism na wannan abu.
Metabolism na bilirubin
Bilirubin shine bile enzyme. Ya kasance a cikin jini a cikin ɓangarori biyu: kai tsaye (kyauta) da kuma kai tsaye.
Kwayoyin jinin jini (erythrocytes) a cikin rayuwar mutum kullum suna mutuwa kuma an maye gurbinsu da sababbin. Ƙararruwan da aka saki haemoglobin, wanda ya rushe cikin sassan launi da kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta. Wannan karshen ya canza ta cikin enzymes zuwa cikin kyauta (mai ba da kai tsaye a bilirubin). A cikin wannan tsari, abu ne mai guba, saboda yana rushewa a cikin fats (amma ba a cikin ruwa), sauƙin shiga cikin kwayoyin halitta kuma ya cutar da ayyukansu na al'ada. Saboda yanayin ya samar da wata hanya ta "neutralizing" bilirubin ta kai tsaye: shi, haɗawa da albumins na jini, ya motsa zuwa hanta, sa'an nan kuma a ƙarƙashin aikin enzymes ya zama mai narkewa da ruwa kuma an cire shi tare da bile ta cikin ƙananan hanji. Wannan shi ne bilirubin tsaye. A takaice, dukkan ɓangarori biyu suna ba da bilirubin na kowa, kuma idan an daukaka shi, dole ne a nemi dalilin da ya sa aka keta tsarin da aka bayyana a sama.
Me yasa aka tashi bilirubin?
Muna ba da jimawalin sauƙaƙe.
Za a iya haɓaka bilirubin mai kai tsaye saboda:
- cuta a cikin tsarin hematopoietic;
- cututtukan hanta.
Ƙananan kashi na enzyme ana samuwa a cikin jini sama da al'ada lokacin da:
- hanta cututtuka;
- rashin yiwuwar hanyoyin bile duwatsun.
Yanzu la'akari da kowane ƙungiya a cikin ƙarin daki-daki.
Babban bilirubin mai kai tsaye
Hanyoyi na tsarin haɗin kai sun hada da anemia wanda ke dauke da kwayar cutar, wanda yawancin erythrocytes sun hallaka. Sun saki da yawa daga haemoglobin, kuma haka ne dalilin da yasa bilirubin mai kai tsaye ya karu. Hanta kawai ba shi da lokaci don jimre da canji a cikin wani madaidaiciya (wannan raguwa ya kasance na al'ada) da kuma karawa.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na irin wannan anemia:
- dizziness;
- raunin gaba daya da gajiya;
- Alamar;
- low hemoglobin da yawan jinin jini;
- kara girma.
Irin wannan fashewa a cikin enzyme na iya zama saboda cutar malaria da sepsis.
Daga cikin cututtukan cututtuka, wanda girman nauyin bilirubin na kai tsaye, ya hada da:
- Gilbert ta ciwo ;
- ƙungiyar Kriegler-Nayyar;
- Ciwon Lucy-Driskol;
- samo jaundice ba na hemolytic.
Irin wannan cuta suna da wuya.
Babban bilirubin tsaye
A cikin cututtuka da hanta, zubar da bile zai iya zama damuwa, saboda wanda bilirubin dauke da shi ba a cire shi gaba ɗaya cikin ƙananan hanji ba, amma ana jefa shi cikin jini. Wannan yana faruwa ne tare da cutar hepatitis, na kwayan cuta, mai guba da yanayin jiki.
Wasu dalilai na bilirubin tsaye a cikin jini:
- cholestasis na intrahepatic;
- babbar biliary cirrhosis;
- jaundice na mata masu ciki saboda ƙwarewar wasu mata zuwa babban abun ciki na estrogens;
- hanta ciwace-ciwacen.
Bile yana barin hanta a cikin duodenum ta hanyar dindin daya, kuma idan an rufe shi, sai a shiga cikin jini cikin bilirubin. Wannan yana faruwa a lokacin da:
- matsawa na bile ducts daga waje saboda rashin ci gaba ko mummunan kumburi na pancreas (pancreatitis);
- echinococcus hanta (m);
- labaran kwayoyin duodenum (nakasar tazarar);
- ciwan daji na duodenum ko pancreas;
- anerysm na maganin hepatic;
- cholelithiasis;
- m da chronic cholangitis ;
- ciwan daji na bile ducts.
Yin jiyya na bilirubin hawan jini a cikin jini an tsara shi ne akan abin da ya haifar da karuwa a cikin ƙaddamar da wannan enzyme.