Sanin sani ne cewa an gano wasu jini hudu. Hanyoyin jini na kowane mutum zuwa ɗaya ko ɗaya daga cikinsu shi ne abin da ke faruwa da kuma na har abada. Mafi yawan tsarin jini shine AB0 (a, b, zero). Jigilar jini yana da rikitarwa, amma jinin jini yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade jini, a kan membrane wanda alamar alamar ta - antigens na iya kasancewa. Babban antigens ne A da B. Rh factor (Rh) wani antigen (lipoprotein, gina jiki) wanda kuma za a iya samu a kan envelope na jan cell sel. Ya ƙunshi fiye da 50 antigens, manyan su kasance C, c, D, d, E, e, B. Tun yana da muhimmanci a san ko yana da kyau ko korau, an ce game da antigens D da d da kuma haɗuwa lokacin da sunadaran ya gaji da yara daga iyaye.
Tabbatar da ƙaddamar da jini da kuma Rh factor
Domin gano wata ƙungiyar jini, bincika ko yana da antigens A da B:
- Idan babu wani, wannan yana nufin jini shine na ƙungiyar, wanda ake kira "0".
- Idan antigen A ya kasance, wannan jini ne na ƙungiyar II, An sanya shi a matsayin "A".
- Idan antigen B ya kasance a kan kwayar halitta, wannan jini yana cikin rukuni na III kuma ana sanya "B".
- Idan antigens A da B sun kasance, to, jini na rukuni IV an sanya shi a matsayin "AB".
Don gano abin da Rh factor yake, kana buƙatar gano waɗannan abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Idan wannan furotin ne - an yi imani da cewa mutum na Rh yana da tabbas.
- Idan ba a samo furotin ba - Rh factor ne mummunan.
Bisa ga binciken, an san cewa kimanin kashi 85 cikin dari na mazaunan duniya suna da Rh.
Ta yaya za ku san rawar Rh da kuma jini?
Ya faru cewa a lokacin rayuwar ilimin jini da Rh factor ba amfani. Duk da haka, akwai yanayi wanda ya wajaba a san wannan bayanin:
- kafin aikin;
- kafin jinin jini ;
- kafin fasalin shinge;
- wasu lokuta kafin shiryawa ciki ;
- lokacin lura da lura da mata masu juna biyu;
- Don ƙayyade cututtukan hemolytic na jariri.
Don yin wannan, kana buƙatar yin bincike don Rh factor da ƙungiyar jini.
Ma'anar rukuni wanda jini shine shi ne don bincika shi bisa tsarin ABO. Don ƙayyade ƙungiyar jini, ya zama dole a gano ko antigens A da B sun kasance a cikin kwayoyin jini. An gwada gwajin ta yin amfani da magungunan kula da dauke da kwayoyin cutar zuwa antigens A da B. Antibodies zuwa antigen A ana kiran anti-A kuma an sanya su (alpha), kuma zuwa B-anti-B da denoted β (beta). Lokacin da aka aiwatar da wasu takunkumi, za a yi la'akari da yadda ake daukar nauyin erythrocyte, wanda ake kira agglutination. Antigens A da B ana kiran agglitinogenes, kuma α da β sune agglutinins.
Idan agglutination (adhesion) ya faru, Rh hakika, idan ba - bane ba.
Don ƙayyade irin jini, kwatanta ƙananan cututtuka (α da β) da antigens (A da B), a wasu kalmomi, an samo wasu jini hudu a sakamakon mahaluran agglutinins da agglitinogens.
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don bincika jini Rh:
- Hanyar bayyanawa. Wannan shine babban hanyar bincike - lokacin da jarrabawar gwaji da samfurori na jini ba ta da zafi. Wannan yana buƙatar magani na duniya, dace da dukkanin kungiyoyin jini.
- Hanyar Gelatinous. Mix a daidai rabbai jini da 10% gelatin bayani.
- Hanyoyin madadin. Nazarin da Petri yi jita-jita.
- Tare da taimakon papain. An fassara wannan ma'anar a cikin mawuyacin hali don gano daidaitoci kafin tafiyar da jini.
Hanyoyin mutane da nau'in jini
Mutanen da suke da nau'in jini na Rh, sun ƙaddara kuma sun amince.
Wadanda suke da kashi na biyu na jini, da kuma matsala mai kyau Rh, suna da alaƙa, sadarwa, bude, abokantaka, iya daidaitawa.
Mutanen da ke da jini na uku da kuma Rhesus tabbatacciyar tabbatacciya ne kuma suna buɗewa, kamar al'amuran da suka faru.
Tare da jigon jini na hudu da kuma rhesus guda ɗaya, mutane suna da halin kirki da mai tausayi, suna da basira da rashin daidaituwa.