Muscular dystrophy wani rukuni ne na illa ga marasa lafiya wanda ke cutar da tsokoki na mutum. Wadannan cututtuka suna haifar da karuwar rauni na tsoka, da degeneration na tsokoki. Sun rasa ikon yin kwangila, maye gurbin tare da kayan haɗi da mai daɗi kuma har ma suna fama da raguwa.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na dystrophy na muscular
A farkon matakai, dystrophy na muscular yana nunawa ta hanyar raguwar murya. Saboda haka, za a iya karya gait, kuma tare da lokaci, sauran ƙwarewar tsoka sun ɓace. Musamman hanzari wannan cuta ta ci gaba a cikin yara. A cikin 'yan watanni kadan zasu iya dakatar da tafiya, zaune ko rike kansa.
Har ila yau, alamar cututtuka na dystrophy na muscular sune:
- atrophy na tsoka tsokoki;
- miki wuya;
- m falls;
- karuwa a cikin girman tsokoki saboda yaduwar nama na haɗin kai (musamman gastrocnemius);
- babu ciwon tsoka.
Nau'i na dystrophy na muscular
Yawancin nau'in wannan cuta an san yau. Bari muyi la'akari da su dalla-dalla.
Duchenne karamin dystrophy
Wannan nau'i kuma ana kiransa dystrophy na kwayar cutar pseudohypertrophic, kuma ana nuna shi a mafi yawan yara a lokacin. Alamun farko na rashin lafiya sun bayyana a shekaru 2-5. Mafi sau da yawa, marasa lafiya suna jin rauni a cikin tsoka a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka na ƙwallon ƙwalji da ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Sa'an nan kuma tsokoki na rabi na jiki zasu rinjaye su, sannan kuma sauran kungiyoyin muscle.
Dystrophy na muscular na wannan nau'i na iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa lokacin da shekaru 12 yaron zai rasa ikon iya motsawa gaba daya. Har zuwa shekaru 20, mafi yawan marasa lafiya ba su tsira.
Dystrophy na muscular cigaba na Erba-Rota
Wani irin wannan rashin lafiya. Na farko alamun bayyanar cututtuka sunfi bayyana a cikin shekaru 14-16, a lokuta masu wuya - a shekaru 5-10. Alamun farko mafiya bayyane sune gajiya na tsoka da tsohuwar ƙwayar tsohuwar ƙwayar cuta da kuma canji mai kyau a cikin gadon "duck".
Muscular dystrophy na Erba-Rota
Wannan cuta na farko an gano shi a cikin ƙwayoyin tsohuwar ƙananan ƙarancin, amma wani lokaci yana rinjayar duka biyu da kafada da kuma tsokoki a lokaci guda. Haka kuma cutar tana cigaba da sauri kuma tana haifar da nakasa.
Becker muscular dystrophy
Hakazalika da bayyanar cututtuka tare da irin wannan cuta ta baya, amma wannan tsari yana cigaba da hankali. Mai haƙuri zai iya zama aiki har tsawon shekaru.
Emery-Dreyfus muscular dystrophy
Wani irin cutar da aka yi la'akari. An bayyana wannan nau'i tsakanin tsawon shekaru 5 zuwa 15. A farkon hankula bayyanar cututtuka na irin wannan muryar kwayar halitta ne:
- rikicewar aikin haɗin gwiwa;
- atrophy na biceps hannu muscles, kuma daga baya daga cikin tsokoki na deltoid;
- tafiya a kan iyakar gefen ƙafa.
Marasa lafiya na iya zama ƙin zuciya da cardiomyopathy .
Jiyya na dystrophy na muscular
Don gano asibiti na dystrophy na muscular, an yi nazari tare da mai ilimin likita da kwantar da hankali kuma an yi amfani da su ko kuma ƙare-gyare. Zaka iya gudanar da nazarin nazarin kwayoyin halitta wanda zai taimaka wajen gano yiwuwar cutar a cikin yara.
Jiyya na dystrophy na muscular wani mataki ne na jinkirta da kuma dakatar da tsari, saboda ba zai yiwu a magance wannan ciwo ba. Don hana ci gaba da matakai dystrophic a cikin tsokoki, an ba marasa lafiya injections:
- bitamin B1;
- adenosine triphosphate;
- corticosteroids .
Dole ne mai haƙuri ya yi magungunan warkewa.
Har ila yau, duk wanda ke shan wahala daga dystrophy na muscular, kana buƙatar yin wasan motsa jiki na numfashi. Idan ba tare da shi ba, marasa lafiya za su ci gaba da irin waɗannan cututtuka na numfashi na numfashi kamar yadda ciwon huhu da nakasawa na numfashi, sannan kuma akwai wasu matsaloli:
- cuta na aiki na zuciya;
- canza ayyukan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da kuma ilmantarwa.