Lokaci daga lokacin haihuwar jariri har zuwa ranar 28 ga rayuwarsa (wanda ya hada da shi) ana kiran shi lokaci ne. Wannan lokaci, a gefensa, ya kasu kashi biyu: farkon (daga lokacin ɗaure igiya mai zuwa 7th ranar rai) da kuma marigayi (daga 8 zuwa 28 days).
Farawa na farko
A farkon farkon zamani, ainihin daidaitaccen rayuwar rayuwar yaro yana faruwa ne a sabon yanayi. Gishirin oxygen samarwa ya maye gurbinsu ta hanyar samar da kwakwalwa kuma jaririn ya ɗauki numfashi na farko. Ƙananan zagaye na jini ya fara aiki, an gyara tsarin tsarin jinƙai, canje-canje a cikin wani metabolism yana faruwa. A farkon lokacin neonatal, fata yaron ya kasance mai tsauri - wannan ne ake kira catarrh physiological. Sau da yawa akwai jaundice na ilimin lissafi wanda cutar ta hanta ta haifa. A farkon farkon zamani, rashin asarar lissafin jiki yana faruwa da saki na asali - meconium. Duk tsarin jiki har yanzu yana da matukar damuwa kuma saboda haka kula da jaririn ya kamata ya kasance mai hankali da kuma cikakke. A wannan lokaci, irin wadannan cututtukan cututtuka kamar cutar cututtuka, cututtuka na numfashi, anemia da sauransu zasu iya samuwa.
Yanayin ƙarshen zamani
A ƙarshen zamani na zamani akwai ƙarin gyaran gyaran jiki na yaro ga sababbin yanayi. Cikakken warkakewa mai rauni. Tare da madara mai yawa daga mahaifiyarsa, yaron yana ƙara nauyin da tsawo. An kafa kwaskwarima na kwakwalwa, masu nazarin gani na cigaba, daidaitawa na ƙungiyoyi. Tsarin kwayoyin halitta ya ci gaba da gyara, ɗakin yana canzawa daga baki-kore zuwa launin ruwan kasa. Fatar jikin ya zama ruwan hoda da tsabta. Idan rana ta farko bayan haihuwar jariri kusan kusan lokacin duka barci, to, a ƙarshen lokacin da ba a haifa ba ne ya fara tafiya a hankali. A wannan lokaci, ya fara amsawa da murmushi don magance shi.
A kasashe da dama na Turai, a kan shawarwarin WHO, an yarda da ra'ayi, dalilinsa shine rayuwar lafiyar yaro. Wannan ra'ayi ya haɗa da:
- tuntuɓar mahaifi da yaro "fata ga fata";
- farkon farawa na shayarwa;
- Tsayawa ga sakin zafi (kiyaye jaririn ya warke daga farkon seconds bayan haihuwa);
- yaron ya zauna tare da uwarsa;
- alurar riga kafi tare da shawara tare da uwar;
- wani samfurin daga asibiti a cikin kwanaki 3-4 bayan haihuwa;
- rike da nau'o'i da mahaifiyar kula da yaro, nono.
Duk waɗannan ka'idodin sun rage rinjayar ƙarfin haifa, don taimakawa wajen daidaitawa na jiki na jariri a cikin zamani, zuwa ga cigaba da halayyar kirkiro a cikin nan gaba.