Hormones daga karoid gland shine a cikin yawa yawa samar da al'ada aiki mai muhimmanci na kwayoyin - ciyar da shi da makamashi. Amma da zarar matakin su ya sauya, matsalolin da zasu fara haifar da mummunar rikitarwa. Don kaucewa su, kana buƙatar kulawa da lafiyarka da kyau kuma ka san ainihin alamar cututtukan hypo- da hyperthyroidism.
Wadanne abubuwan hormones an samar da glanden thyroid?
Nau'o'i biyu na abubuwa masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta suna samarwa a cikin glandar thyroid:
- triiodothyronine;
- thyroglobulin.
Wadannan hormones na glandar thyroid suna da alamomin al'ada - T3 da T4, tun da daya ya ƙunshi uku, kuma a cikin wasu - kwayoyin hudu na aidin. Ba tare da karshen ba, ba'a yiwu a kirkiro abubuwan da ke aiki ba. Don fahimtar muhimmancin su, kana buƙatar sanin abin da ake amfani da su a cikin hormones. Kuma suna da alhakin:
- kira na sunadaran;
- aiki na al'ada na kwayoyin (saboda karuwa da iskar oxygen);
- hanzarta aiwatar da gyaran nama;
- karuwa da glucose na jini da kuma motsin jiki na insulin;
- daidaituwa na musayar ruwa;
- raguwa ƙwayoyin cuta kuma rage yawan su cikin jini;
- girma;
- ci gaban kwakwalwa da CNS;
- da samuwar kwayoyin jini;
- ƙara yawan karfin jini;
- yanayin zafi;
- kula da ayyukan haihuwa.
Nazarin maganin hormones
Irin wannan binciken yana da mahimmanci, tun lokacin da wani canji-ko da karamin karuwa ko ragewa-na samar da hormone ya nuna rushewa a cikin aiki na kwayar. Indiya ga yin jarabawar jini don hormones thyroid, a matsayin mai mulkin, sune kamar haka:
- da ake zaton hypo- ko hyperthyroidism;
- goiter ;
- rashin haihuwa ;
- cin zarafin ko rashi na juyayi;
- Giragu ;
- dysfunction jima'i (musamman, rashin sha'awar jima'i);
- arrhythmias;
- jinkirta a ci gaba da yara (duka tunani da jima'i);
- mai kaifi ko asarar nauyi.
Jirgin jini na gwajin hormonal thyroid - shiri
Don tabbatar da cewa sakamakon yana daidai kuma sun nuna hoto mafi haɗari, dole ne a ɗauki matakan matakan kafin su bada jini. Kafin shan gwajin don hormones na thyroid, shiri yana buƙatar haka:
- Kimanin wata daya kafin binciken, an bada shawara don ƙin karɓar duk nau'i na hormonal thyroid (sai dai waɗanda aka yi amfani da su bisa ga umarnin musamman na endocrinologist).
- A tsakar rana na aiki mai tsanani. Kada ku shiga wasanni masu haske.
- Domin 'yan kwanaki kafin gwajin gwajin maganin thyroid, ya kamata ka dakatar da shan kariya.
- Akalla kwana daya kafin gwaji ana bada shawara kada su shan taba, kada su sha barasa kuma kada su jawo tsarin mai juyayi.
- Dole ne ku ba da jini a kan komai a ciki. A wannan yanayin, mai haƙuri dole ne ya kasance hutawa koyaushe.
Yadda za a gudanar da jarrabawar hormones na glandar thyroid?
Hanyar samfurin samfur yana faruwa bisa ga tsarin al'ada. Kafin wannan hanya, dole ne a rataye hannun dan wasa a hannun. Akwai kuma wasu nuances. Ba a yi gargadin wannan ba a cikin dukkan dakunan gwaje-gwaje, amma akwai wasu dokoki don baza gwaje-gwaje. Sanin su yana taimaka wajen adana lokaci mai yawa da jijiyoyi. Ga yadda za a ba da gudummawar jini ga hawan gwiwar thyroid:
- Hakanan marasa amfani da kyauta ba su daina a lokaci ɗaya. Idan dakin gwaje-gwaje yana bayar da wannan, yana nufin ma'aikata kawai suna ƙoƙarin ƙara yawan kuɗin da masu haƙuri suke.
- Babu buƙatar sake ƙayyade AT ga TPO (takamaiman immunoglobulins da ke halakar enzyme na iodine), tun da an tabbatar da shi a kimiyya cewa matakin kwayoyin cutar ba ya bambanta da yanayin lafiyar mutum.
- Kada ka ɗauki gwaji don thyroglobulin a lokacin binciken farko. Wannan ƙwararrun gwaji ne cewa likitoci zasu iya kuskuren ɓatar da marasa lafiya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, jinin ga waɗannan hormones na glandon thyroid sun sallama lokacin da ake tuhuma da ilimin ilimin halitta.
Thyroid hormone kullum
Abubuwa a cikin jiki na iya kasancewa a cikin nau'i biyu: hade da sunadarai kuma ba a ɗaure (kyauta) ba. Jimlar yawan su suna ba da alama na kowa. Ga kowane nau'i akwai alamun ka'idojin abubuwan da suke ciki a cikin jini. A al'ada na hormones thyroid a cikin mata kamar wannan:
- total T4: daga 62 zuwa 141 nmol / l;
- free T4: 1.5 - 2.9 μg / 100 ml;
- total T3: 1.17 - 2.18 nmol / l;
- free T3: 0.4 ng / 100 ml.
An tashe hankalin hawan karoid
Ba a bincikar hyperthyroidism sau da yawa kamar hypothyroidism. Amma wannan yanayin ana daukar haɗari kuma yana buƙatar jiyya mai tsanani. Hanyoyin hormones masu girma sune ciwo na asibiti wanda yawancin abubuwan da ke aiki a cikin jini yana karuwa, kuma mummunan tasiri akan kyallen takalma da gabobin yana ƙaruwa. Yayin da ake haifar da hormones na thyroid glandon wuce gona da iri, dukkanin matakai na rayuwa da kuma ayyuka na gabobin ciki suna ɓarke a cikin jiki, ana aiwatar da matakan oxyidative.
Haɓaka hormones thyroid - abubuwan da ke haddasawa
A matsayinka na al'ada, hyperthyroidism na tasowa ne akan wasu cututtuka daban-daban. Idan glanden karo ya fara haifar da hormones a cikin wuce haddi, dole ne a bincikar masu haƙuri ga irin wadannan cututtuka:
- Lafiya ta Masterova. Tare da wannan ganewar asali da thyroid gland shine gwal ne a ko'ina thickened. An saka kusan kashi 75% na lokuta na hyperthyroidism.
- Pituitary ciwon sukari. Ɗaya daga cikin mawuyacin hadari da ya hadari. Hanyoyin maganin kawo-stimulating hormone, hada da T3 da T4, an samar ne a cikin gland. Lokacin da aka kafa kututture, aikin wannan ɓangare na kwakwalwa, kazalika da glandon thyroid, an rushe shi.
- Kumburi. Lokacin da nazarin hormones na thyroid ya nuna yawan ƙididdigar, wannan na iya nuna cutar ƙwayar cuta a jikin. Kuma da zarar an kawar da kamuwa da cuta, yanayin lafiyar ya kasance cikakke.
Har ila yau, hyperthyroidism na iya zama mai haɓaka. Amma kwanan nan, cutar ta ƙara bincikar su a cikin waɗanda suka ci gaba da maganin ammonin. Abincin ba zai iya farfado jiki ba tare da wannan abu, amma magunguna - sauƙi. Mahimmanci, jinin akan hormones na thyroid an aiko shi don ba masoya don yin magani. Saboda haka, don kauce wa hyperthyroidism, magunguna masu amfani da iodine - ko da mafi sauki kuma don rigakafi - ya kamata a dauki shi bisa ga tsarin da aka tsara tare da likita.
Ana tayar da hormones na thyroid - cututtuka
Raguwa na abubuwa masu aiki na halitta yana da tasiri a jiki. Sabili da haka, kada ku yi tsammanin cewa hawan hawan gwiwar thyroid suna da wuya. Hyperthyroidism na iya nuna irin waɗannan cututtuka:
- ƙima mai nauyi da rashin adalci tare da ci mai kyau;
- rashin haƙuri;
- tsawa mai tsanani;
- bayyanar launin toka;
- thinning gashi;
- rashin jin ƙishirwa;
- matsaloli a cikin aikin ƙwayar gastrointestinal, tare da maƙarƙashiya ko vomiting;
- ƙaddamar da wuyansa cikin girman (a cikin matakan da aka manta watau - ƙaddamar da ƙwayar cuta, wanda girmansa ya bayyana);
- irritability;
- rashin barci;
- bayyanar rawar jiki a hannayensu;
- tachycardia;
- arrhythmia;
- cin zarafin dan lokaci;
- fitina daga idanu;
- kumburi na eyelids;
- incessant lacrimation;
- ƙara yawan karfin jini;
- ƙwaro ƙusa faranti.
Ƙara hawan hormones thyroid - jiyya
Zaka iya cimma matakan hormone thyroid a hanyoyi masu yawa:
- Drug far. An yi amfani dashi a farkon matakan, lokacin da zalunta marasa lafiya a karkashin 50. Magunguna mafi yawan su ne: Methimazol da Propylthiouracil. Wadannan kwayoyi sun hana haɗuwa da aidin. Ya kamata a gudanar da farfadowa ta hanya kuma za'a iya tsawanta tsawon lokaci.
- Don rage hormones a thyroid gland shine taimakawa radioactive aidin. Maganin ruwa mai mahimmanci zai haifar da lalataccen kwayar halitta da ragewa a cikin adadin abubuwan da aka samar.
- M magani. Hormones na glandon thyroid a cikin mata domin za a iya kawo ta hanyar cire gabar gaba ɗaya ko partially.
- Don tallafa wa jiki da hyperthyroidism zai taimaka da abinci. Yana ba da damar yin amfani da kogin kifi, kabeji, zucchini, broccoli, alayyafo, wake, hatsi.
Hormones daga cikin thyroid gland shine aka saukar
Tare da hypothyroidism, jikin ba zai iya samar da thyroxine ba. Ƙananan hawan gwargwadon maganin kawo yana haifar da raguwa a mafi yawan ayyuka a cikin jiki, ciki har da tsari na rayuwa. Sanin bayyanar cututtuka na halayyar hypothyroidism, cutar za a iya bincikar cutar a lokaci kuma a bi da shi. A matsayinka na mai mulki, bayan cikakkiyar hanyar warkewa, dukkan alamun cutar sun ɓace.
Ƙarƙashin hormones na thyroid - abubuwan haddasawa
Mafi sanadin matsalar hypothyroidism shine asarain rashin ƙarfi. Amma akwai wasu dalilai da ke taimakawa gaskiyar cewa an samar da TM hormone thyroid a cikin marasa yawa. Daga cikin su:
- Down ciwo;
- aikin canjawa a kan shchitovidke ko radiotherapy;
- autoimmune thyroiditis ;
- Hanyar Turner;
- Amfani da wasu magunguna (misali Amiodarone ko Litin, alal misali).
An saukar da halayen thyroid - bayyanar cututtuka
Hanyoyi na hypothyroidism na iya bunkasa da hankali kuma yana kara tsanantawa - don wasu watanni ko ma shekaru. An saukar da hormone na Troid din thyroid tare da irin wadannan alamu kamar:
- gajiya;
- rage yawan zazzabi na jiki;
- ƙananan halayen tunanin mutum (psychosis, damuwa, saurin yanayi);
- girgiza hannuwanku;
- m ji sanyi;
- dryness da peeling na fata;
- ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya;
- Ƙara yawan itatuwan dabino;
- wanda bai bi ka'ida ko doka ba ko kuma haila mai nauyi;
- rage libido;
- kumburi na eyelids, ƙwayoyin hannu da yatsunsu;
- ƙuntatawa na numfashi na hanci;
- lalata gashi da kusoshi;
- rage dukkan haɓaka muscle.
An saukar da hormones na thyroid - jiyya
Tun da hypothyroidism babban matsala ce, yana buƙatar farfadowa dace. Idan low thymon hormones, me zan yi? Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu:
- Magunguna. Anyi nufin maye gurbin abubuwan da suka ɓace ba tare da haɓaka ba. Amma akwai gagarumin bita - wannan magani zai iya haifar da atrophy na glandar thyroid.
- Sabunta. Wannan farfasa ya ba ka damar kawo matakin hormone zuwa al'ada ba tare da amfani da kayan magani ba. Jigon magani shine tasiri akan kwakwalwa da kuma tsarin kulawa ta jiki ta hanyar raguwa ta yanzu ta hanyar abubuwan da ke gudana.