A lokacin nazarin ilimin kimiyya da kuma wasu hanyoyi, mutane da yawa suna sha'awar tambayar cewa wannan shine catharsis. Wannan ra'ayi ya fito ne a fannin falsafancin zamanin Girka. An bayyana shi azaman tsari na mummunan kwarewar cuta, wanda yana da halayyar hali, amma idan ya kai wani matsayi mai mahimmanci, shi ya zama mai kyau.
Menene ma'anar catharsis?
Menene ma'anar catharsis ya dogara da batun da ake amfani da wannan lokaci? A matsayinka na mulkin, yana nufin tsarin tsarkakewa daga motsin zuciyarmu . Manufar da Aristotle ya nuna, a cikin aikinsa "Poetics". Babban harufan sun kasance cikin tsabtace ciki, wanda ake nufi don cimma daidaituwa na ruhu da jiki. A cikin nau'o'in koyarwa da ayyuka daban-daban, wasu malaman falsafa, masu ilimin psychologists da psychoanalysts sun ambaci shi.
Cikakken tsari na catharsis ya haɗa da sakin ƙwaƙwalwar motsa jiki ko kuma tasiri. Hanyar catharsis ta ƙunshi wadannan matakai kuma, dangane da halin da ake ciki, mutum dole ne ya iya sarrafa kansa:
- tarawa na kwarewa abubuwan;
- kai matsayi mafi girma;
- canji na makamashi mara kyau zuwa makamashi mai kyau.
Catharsis - Psychology
Catharsis wata hanya ce ta musamman a cikin ilimin kwakwalwa wanda ya ba ka damar yin motsa jiki da jin dadi. Hanyar ta bada damar samun sakamako irin wannan, wanda zai kasance da tasiri a kan mutum:
- ragewa ko kuma cikakken kawar da jin damuwar ;
- rauni daga takaici;
- fahimtar fahimtar zaman lafiya da kuma bukatun ciki;
- babban sakamako mai amfani akan mutum.
Wasu masu ilimin kimiyya sun ce kullun abu ne na fasaha, kuma an tabbatar da hakan a aikace. An yi imanin cewa lokaci a cikin tunanin mutum ya fito ne da godiya ga Sigmund Freud, wanda ya ba da wata hanya ta hanyar da za a iya canzawa cikin tunanin tunanin da ji da wutar lantarki, wanda hakan ya haifar da hutawa.
Catharsis a Psychoanalysis
A cikin aikin psychoanalysis, yin amfani da hanyar haɓakacciyar hanya abu ne mai yawa. An halicce shi ne don tantancewa da kuma gane dalilin da ya shafi halin mutum. Ana ganin kullun motsa jiki a matsayin hanyar haɗaka don gano abubuwan da abubuwan da ke aikatawa na mutum wanda aka sa ta hankalinsu. Hanyoyi suna ba ka damar gano ra'ayoyin da aka soke, wanda zai taimaka wajen kawar da su. Aikace-aikacen hanyar don dalilai na tunani, yana samar da irin wannan fasaha:
- ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu;
- fassarar kalmomi;
- slip na harshen.
Catharsis a Falsafa
Catharsis - wannan a cikin falsafanci shine nasara ga tsabtace tsabta. Manufarsa ita ce ta shirya don haɗuwa da gaskiyar gaskiya, ta hanyar kawar da jarabobi daban-daban. Tsarkakewa na ruhaniya yana faruwa ta hanyar motsin zuciyar da mutum ya bayyana:
- tausayi ga maƙwabcin mutum;
- Karfin zuciya;
- tsoro daga asarar da kuma haɓaka.
Kalmar zamanin falsafanci na Hellenanci da ka'idoji na samar da ƙarancin tunani, da kuma tsarkakewa na ruhu na ruhu. Mutum yana kawar da bayyanuwar mutumtaka da laka, wanda shine sha'awar wasu lokutan rayuwa. Game da wannan ra'ayi ya ambaci Aristotle, Heraclitus, Pythagoras, Plato da sauran masana falsafa wanda za a iya kiyaye su cikin koyarwarsu.
Hanyar catharsis
Samun catharsis na bukatar wasu dalilai. Dole ne mutum ya shiga cikin matakai da yawa, daga cikinsu:
- amincewa da buƙatar canje-canje a rayuwa;
- shirye-shirye don cin nasara da nasu tsoro;
- samun nasara a jihar;
- asarar rayuka;
- mai hankali yanke shawara don shawo kan m ji hankali;
- sanarwa na kasawa.
Sakamakon catharsis ya zo ne kawai lokacin da mutum yayi amfani da dabara kuma yana neman magance matsalolin da ke ciki. Domin samun catharsis, yi wasu manipulations.
- Yi hankali ga matsalar da ke ciki.
- Sake haifar da yadda kuke ji.
- Yi la'akari da irin abubuwan da suka faru da suka kai ga matsayi.
Yadda za a cimma catharsis?
Jihar catharsis yana da wahala a kan kansa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, don cimma hakan, kana buƙatar samun wasu kwarewa a cikin ilimin halayyar koyon tunanin mutum ko psychoanalysis. Kwararren malami ko likitan ilimin kimiyya na iya amfani da hanyar gabatarwa don bayyana tunanin motsin zuciyar mai haƙuri, wanda za'a iya ɓoye sosai. Don yin wannan, dole ne ya so ya warware matsalar rikici ta sirri.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, da farko mutum yana jin tsoron lokuta masu wucewa wanda ke da mummunar hali. Har ila yau, ba ya so ya gudanar da wani hanzari don nuna damuwa. Yawancin lokaci ba ya so ya yarda da abin da ya faru, mafi nisa daga gare shi shi ne karo na farko na catharsis. Da zaran sha'awar ci gaba, za a warware matsalolin da hankali, kuma za a kusantar da ƙwaƙwalwar tunani, wanda zai ba da damar samun jituwa.