Botulism wani mummunan guba ne wanda cutar ta hanyar botulinum ta haifar. Haka kuma cutar tana faruwa a lokacin da cin abinci ya gurɓata kuma yana tare da lalacewa ta tsakiya da tsarin kulawa mai kwakwalwa. A mataki na farko, alamun cututtuka irin wannan cuta sun kasance kama da bayyanar gastroenteritis.
Dalilin botulism
Maɗaukaki na botulism yana nufin kwayoyin anaerobic, wato, rayuka kuma yana ƙaruwa ne kawai a cikin yanayi wanda ba tare da oxygen ba. Kwayar botulinum yana cikin nau'i biyu: vegetative da spore. Spores na iya zama a cikin ƙasa na dogon lokaci, suna da ƙarfin juriya ga abubuwan muhalli kuma suna da tsawo sosai. Suna da tsayayya ga bushewa, daskarewa, tafasa. Yi tafiya kawai tare da magani na rabin sa'a, kuma yawan zafin jiki ya zama akalla digiri 120.
Samun shiga cikin iska mara kyau, kwayar ta wuce cikin nau'i mai ciyayi kuma zata fara cigaba da cigaba, yayin da sake sakewa, wanda shine sau 375 000 mafi haɗari fiye da guba na rattlesnake. Sakamakon kisan na wannan mummunar ga mutane shine kimanin 0.3 micrograms. Kwayoyin kwayoyin halittu sun rushe a cikin minti biyar.
Sakamakon kamuwa da cuta zai iya zama abinci mai gwangwani, nama mai nishaɗi, kifi. Kwanan nan, wata magungunan kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta mai sauƙi ne gishiri.
Kwayar kwayar kanta ba ta da haɗari, kawai guba wanda yake samarwa a cikin aiki mai muhimmanci shine wakilci.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na botulism
Lokacin shiryawa tare da botulism daga sa'o'i 2 zuwa kwana biyu ko uku (karshen a lokuta masu tsada) kuma ya dogara da adadin maɗarin da ya shiga jiki.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na botulism a mataki na farko na iya zama cikakke kuma tuna da wasu cututtuka da ke hade da gastrointestinal tract, wanda ya haifar da ganewar asali.
Alamun farko na botulism sun hada da:
- ciwon kai;
- ciwo na ciki, vomiting, zawo;
- rashin ƙarfi da rashin hankali;
- hangen nesa (hangen nesa biyu, da dai sauransu);
- karuwa a cikin zafin jiki saboda maye gurbin jiki;
- wahala tare da haɗiye (jin dadi a cikin kututture).
Kimanin sa'o'i 24 bayan kamuwa da cuta, yawan zafin jiki yana ƙarfafawa, kuma alamu na mummunan tsarin lalacewa ya zama gaba.
Ana iya bayyana cututtukan cututtuka na botulism a cikin nau'i uku:
- Zaɓin Gastroenterological. Ana nuna alamomin da aka fi sani a fili daga sashin gastrointestinal: cututtuka na narkewa, zafi na ciki, tashin zuciya, bushe baki, dunƙule a cikin makogwaro.
- Zaɓin ido. Da farko, shi yana nuna kansa a cikin yanayin hangen nesa: hangen nesa guda biyu, bayyanar dige da "kwari" a gaban idanu , rashin cin zarafin hangen nesan.
- M maye gurbi. Yana nuna kanta a cikin lokuta mafi tsanani na guba kuma zai iya haifar da mutuwar mutum a cikin sa'o'i 3-4. Akwai tachycardia, cyanosis, cututtuka na numfashi.
Botulism wata cuta mai hadarin gaske ce, idan ba tare da kula da lafiyar gaggawa ba, take kaiwa ga mutuwa, mafi yawancin saboda rashin nasara na numfashi. Harkokin lafiyar idan akwai kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta yana da muhimmanci.
Yin rigakafi na botulism
Don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta da botulism, kana buƙatar kulawa da hankali ga ka'idodin tsabtace jiki da kuma kula da ingancin samfurori. Kada ku ci abincin da ya ƙare, ko a lokuta idan kuna da shakku game da ingancin su. A gida canning dole ne haifuwa da zafi bi da. Kayan lambu kafin kiyayewa dole ne a wanke sosai don kaucewa ƙasa, kuma mafi kyau ga girbi su ta hanyar tsince-tsire ko tsire-tsire, tun da irin wannan yanayin ba shi da kyau ga microbic na botulinum kuma zai taimaka wajen kaucewa bayyanar su.