Astigmatism yana daya daga cikin cututtuka da suka hada da maganin cututtuka na hangen nesa, kuma a lokaci guda shi ne mafi yawan jama'a a cikin kungiyoyi daban-daban.
Astigmatism za a iya haɗuwa tare da myopia da hyperopia, kuma mafi yarda a mafi yawancin lokuta shine gyara tare da taimakon gilashin ta musamman, ruwan tabarau wanda zai biya ga dysfunctions na gani.
Idan ka fassara ma'anar kalmar "astigmatism" daga Latin, ba wuya a fahimci abin da ake nufi da babu wani wuri mai mahimmanci. Saboda mummunan tsarin tsarin kogin da ke cikin kogin tabarau, halayen su suna damuwa, kuma sakamakon da aka samo shi ya zama abin ƙyama.
Mahimmanci na astigmatism ba sauki sauke ba, saboda mutum baya iya ganin duk abubuwan da ke kusa da nesa, kuma yana nuna cewa a wadannan lokuta ana bukatar nau'i-nau'i daban-daban na nau'i biyu.
A yau akwai ake kira ci gaba - ruwan tabarau na bifocals ga tabarau, wanda ya haɗa nau'i biyu - gyara hangen nesa ga myopia da kuma hangen nesa.
Yadda za a zabi gilashi tare da astigmatism?
A karo na farko ra'ayin da ya haɗa nau'ikan ruwan tabarau guda biyu ya zo Benjamin Franklin, wanda ya gajiya da canza nau'i-nau'i nau'i biyu. A 1780 sai ya ɗauki ruwan tabarau daban-daban na nesa da kusa, yanke su kuma saka su a cikin firam. Wurin da aka yi amfani da ita shine ruwan tabarau don hangen nesa, kuma daga ƙasa don myopia . Wannan wani sabon mataki ne a fannin ilimin halitta - yanzu mutane suna da damar yin amfani da tabarau daya don magance matsalolin biyu yanzu. Hakika, tun 1780 halin da ya faru ya canza sauƙi, kuma an yi tabarau da gilashi, amma tunanin Biliyaminu ya kasance ya zama babban wuri a cikin halittar bifocals.
Zaɓin tabarau da astigmatism ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne, don aiwatar da nasarar da za'a yi la'akari da dalilai da dama:
- shekaru na haƙuri;
- digiri na astigmatism;
- kwarewar mutum na ruwan tabarau da gyare-gyare daban-daban.
A lokacin aikin, likitoci sun gano cewa marasa lafiya da astigmatism na da wuya a ɗauka a cikin ruwan tabarau mai tsabta - suna da ciwon kai, damuwa, da ciwo a idanu. Mazan wanda ya yi haƙuri, mafi mahimmanci cewa gilashin labaran ƙwayoyi na bifocal zai kawo rashin jin daɗi.
Sabili da haka, a farkon an miƙa masu haƙuri don saka kayan tabarau wanda basu gyara cikakkiyar hangen nesa ba, kuma bayan bayan 'yan watanni sun bada shawara akan saka idanu "mai karfi" wanda zai biya bashin 100%.
Ta hanyar "gilashi mai ban mamaki tare da astigmatism," likitoci sun fahimci ruwan tabarau tare da farfaɗɗɗen ido. Tun lokacin da aka samu maganin da kuma ruwan tabarau a cikin wannan cuta, don yin al'ada game da hotunan hoton, kana buƙatar yin ruwan tabarau na musamman wanda zai biya ga siffar mara lafiya. Tare da sauƙi astigmatism, ruwan tabarau yana kama da wani m, ba wani sphere -
Daidaitawar sauƙi astigmatism
An yi amfani da ruwan tabarau na cylindrical don gyara wani sauƙin astigmatism, wanda abin da yake damuwa ne kawai a cikin ɗaya daga cikin mahaukaci, kuma dangane da wannan, yana iya tattara ko watsawa. Jirgin ruwan tabarau ba daidai ba ne a cikin tasiri ga ruwan tabarau mai mahimmanci, saboda ba zai karyata hasken hasken da ya fadi a layi daya ba. Tare da shi, kawai haskoki da suka fadi a haɗaka ga axis suna jan hankali.
Daidaitawa mai hadarin astigmatism
Tare da haɗari ko ƙananan astigmatism, ana amfani da ruwan tabarau na toric, wanda aka haɗa da ruwan tabarau na tsakiya da spherical. A wannan yanayin, kowane ɗayan hukunce-hukuncen (sun bambanta) yana da inganci.