Asceticism a matsayin hanya na rayuwa - iri da kuma sa

Mutum na iya jin dadi tare da karami - matsayi na mutane suna wa'azi kadan kamar yadda ya saba da mabukaci wanda ya mamaye duniya ta zamani. An ƙarfafa asceticism a cikin addinai daban-daban kuma sau da yawa aiki ne mai tsabta: kai azabtarwa. Yana da wahala ga mutum na kowa ya tafi wannan hanya, amma akwai raƙuman tsattsauran ra'ayi, sakamakon haka yana da ban sha'awa.

Mene ne kullun?

Asceticism shine hanyar rayuwa ta mutumin da ya fara kan hanyar sanin kansa da kuma duniya, kuma kayan aiki na ascetics shine ƙwarewar kai tsaye tare da manufar ilmantar da kansa da halaye da ake bukata kuma mafi kusa ga ka'idar Allah. Mutumin mutum yana son kansa ya rabu da duk wani abu mai yawa na dukiya da kuma tasowa cikin tunanin kansa.

Asceticism ya ƙunshi biyu aka gyara:

1. Abubuwan da ke tattare da kullun shine kin amincewa da kwarewar kayan zamani na wayewa da kuma bukatun artificial da al'umma ta kafa.
2. Ruhaniya ta ruhaniya shine ƙuntatawa ko kin amincewa da jin dadin jiki, halittar iyali. Tunani akan Allah, karatun littattafan ruhaniya. A matsayi mai zurfi, ƙin yarda da jama'a da kuma komawa zuwa gidajen ibada, masallatai.

Asceticism a Falsafa

Ganin tarihi na zamanin dā ya san sanannun magungunan falsafa da makarantu, wanda sauran kasashen duniya ke daidaitawa. Cynics ita ce makarantar malaman falsafa a lokutan Socrates, suna wa'azi na hanyar rayuwa na musamman, wanda ke kunshe a cikin renon amfanin da jama'a ke bayarwa. Wani mai haske mai wakilci na masanin kirki Diogenes Sinopsky ya yi yawo ya roƙe shi. Wata makarantar Helenanci - Stoics, wadda Zeno ta kasar Sin ta kafa, ta ƙi bin hanyar da ta dace. Asceticism a cikin falsafar wani tayi ne wanda aka kafa karkashin jagorancin masana kimiyyar Stoic (Seneca, Marcus Aurelius), wanda ya dogara ne akan:

• sassauci daga rinjayar duniya ta duniyar ta hanyar kirkira da wadatar kai;
• ikon ruhu a kan al'amuran jiki;
• high aesthetics a cikin ayyuka da tunani;
• rayuwa cikin jituwa da yanayin da Universal Cosmic Mind;
• nonviolence.

Asalin da ke cikin Orthodoxy

Harkokin jari-hujja cikin Kristanci sun danganta da Kristi, wanda hoton Orthodox ya kasance yana ƙaunar rai kuma yana dogara da shi cikin al'amuran yau da kullum, yana cika su da ma'anar Allah. Tare da taimakon addu'o'i, halayen ya kasance ga Allah kuma ya ba da dukkan abin da yake da shi ga Allah a kan tsayar da gwaji da sha'awa. A wannan shekarar, asalin Orthodox yana kallon duk azumi, addu'a, jama'a da kuma furtawa. Yin nazarin rayuwar tsarkaka yana ƙarfafa Kirista cikin manufarsa.

Kiristoci na kirista wadanda suka jagoranci rayuwa mai rai (asceticism):

• Yahaya Maibaftisma;
• Onuphrius Mai Girma;
• Seraphim na Sarov;
• Sergey Radonezhsky;
• Pavel Obnorsky;
• Tikhon na Kaluga.

Austerity a Buddha

Lokacin da Yarima Gautama Siddhartha ya juya 29, sai ya aske gashinsa, ya sanya tufafin tufafin tufafi kuma ya bar fadar iyayensa don ya yi farin ciki ga rayuwa mai ban sha'awa, don haka Gautama ya zama mai neman haske - Buddha. Shekaru 6, Buddha ya rayu ne kamar yadda ya yi: ya ci jiki da jiki mai tsanani kuma wata rana ya mutu kusan mutuwarsa, yayin da bai kusanci gaskiya ba dan lokaci. Buddha ya gane cewa kullun jiki shine hanya mara amfani don haskakawa kuma ya fara yin nazarin tunani da tunani. Don addinin Buddha, wadannan abubuwan da ke tattare da su sune hali, suna jagorantar Nirvana:

1. Shamatha shine babban mahimmanci na ciki na Buddhists - ƙaddamarwa da cikakkiyar natsuwa da tunani.
2. Vipasjana - gonar mafi girma (tunani).
3. Yanayin da ake amfani da su a cikin abinci shi ne hanyar bin tafarki ta tsakiya. Jiki yana kunshe ne a cikin wani jiha wanda ba'a janye hankali daga tunani ba. A addinin Buddha, rashin daidaituwa ta jiki ba abu ne mai mahimmanci ba kamar yadda ta kasance mai kula da tunani.
4. Yi Sati (sani) rarraba tunanin jiki a cikin abubuwa 32 (gashi, hakora, fata, kusoshi, da dai sauransu) yana taimakawa wajen yin tunani don kada kuyi tsayayya ga gwaji na duniya.

Nau'in asceticism

Hanyar rayuwar rayuwa ta ƙunshi babban aiki na ciki kuma dole ne a yi a kowace rana ne kawai daga wani gari mai albarka. Ayyukan da ake aikatawa cikin fushi, sha'awar da girman kai ba su da kome da dangantaka da ruhaniya. Asceticism an raba shi zuwa ga jinsunan da suka hada da juna:

1. Harshen halayen harshe yana da muhimmiyar mahimmancin magana. Maganganun da ba kome ba, gossip ba su yarda da shi ba a cikin ascetics. Gaskiya da kalmomi masu kirki suna haifar da kyakkyawar makoma ga mutum da kuma ƙaunatattunsa.
2. Halittar jiki ita ce sakawa mai sauƙi, nau'in kayan ado na jiki, kula da daidaituwa a abinci, girmamawa, girmama iyayensu da tsofaffi.
3. Zuciyar tunani - tsarkakewa da kula da tunani yana da isasshen hankali. Kai-kai-kai yana taimakawa wajen kulawa da kuma jagorantar su a hanya mai kyau. Amincewa da hankali ya dogara ne da abincin da aka samu kuma yana haɗuwa da abubuwan da ke cikin jiki. Abincin haske - tunani mai kyau, abinci mai nauyi - tsoro, rashin sani, rashin hasara kan hankali.

Ta yaya ascetics ke rayuwa?

A cikin duniyar duniyar zamani ita ce mutum wanda ya yanke shawarar shiga ta hanyar yada ladabi domin ya kawar da kansa da amfani da mahimmanci da duk abin da ya zama tsofaffi: abubuwa, haɗi, tunani, hanyar tsohuwar rayuwa. Ma'anar kalmar motsa jiki shine maƙasudin, mai tsananin, spartan. Har zuwa yau, mutanen da suka zaba hanyar hanyar rayuwa ta hanyar bin dokokin:

1. Jin jinƙan yana ƙananan, ba tare da ma'anar rashin daraja da kasuwa ta kasuwa ba. Littattafai mai kyau, mafi yawan kayan aiki na gida da kayan haya.
2. A m abubuwa.
3. Muhimmiyar mahimmanci shine a haɗe da ci gaban duniya ta ciki.
4. Kyakkyawan hali game da yanayi (filastik filaye, kwalabe ba su da shi a cikin rayuwar yau da kullum na masu tsabta saboda kaddamar da duniyar da wadannan kayan mai).
5. Sadaka.

Asceticism - sa

Me yasa muke buƙatar bukatun mutum don zamani? Babban dabi'un duniya sun kasance ba su canzawa ba saboda ƙarni da yawa: girmamawa, kiwon lafiya, sanin kwarewarsu, imani cewa "I" ba kawai jiki bane, har ma abu ne na ruhaniya. Ma'anar asceticism ga kowane mutum yana da mahimmanci kuma yana ɗaukar ma'anar kansa. Dalilin da mutum ya fara yin aiki austerities:

• asarar lafiyar, cututtuka marasa lafiya;
• ilimin mutum "I";
• fadada iyakoki na sani;
• mata - rashin haihuwa, rashin aure;
• nasara na superpowers;
• inganta karma ;
• da sha'awar ƙarfafa duniya tare da tsararraki mai kyau (rashin tausayi, alheri).

Asceticism - ka'idodi

Mene ne fasikanci yake nufi? Soloviev (masanin kimiyya na karni na XIX) An bayyana shi a cikin aikinsa "Tabbatar da Gaskiya," yayin da yake lura da muhimman ka'idodi na farfadowa:

1. Bada jiki zuwa ga ruhu yana da halayyar kirki ga abin da ke ƙarƙashin Ruhu.
2. Jin tausayi, tsauraran kai, kwarewar kai, tsoro shine kyawawan sifofi masu kyauta.
3. Ƙaunar Allah (Ƙarshe, Logos, Universe) - ba tare da ita duk wani abu mai mahimmanci ya rasa ma'ana.

Asceticism abu ne mai kyau

Asceticism a matsayin hanyar hanyar rayuwa ta karuwancin matasa. Mutanen da suka fara tafiya kan tafarkin kai-tsaye suna tambayar tambayoyin game da halayen halayyar rayuwa. Rashin halayyar dabi'a mai ban sha'awa yana haifar da amfani mai mahimmanci ga mutum, daidai da ma'anar abin da aka cimma. Ayyuka masu kyau na asceticism:

• ƙarfafa dangantaka da Ruhunka;
• ƙarfafa ruhu da kuma nufin;
• tsabta da tunani;
• inganta halin kirki na mutum ;
• ci gaba da fahimta, fahimta, hangen nesa;
• kawar da cututtuka;
• cikar sha'awar sha'awa;
• canji na hali a matsayin cikakke.

Famous ascetics

Mutumin da yake rayuwa ya jawo hankalinsa ta hanyar ayyukansa da ayyukansa, wanda ake kira don inganta wannan duniyar. Wadannan su ne mutanen da suka wuce wasu matsalolin da matsalolin rayuwa ta hanyar rayuwarsu, sun sami fahimtar gaskiyar duniya. Famous mutane na ascetics:

1. Alexander Suvorov shine babban kwamandan Rasha. Ya jimre wahalar rayuwa tare da fata. Ya kasance mai sauƙi a sadarwa kuma ƙaunataccen sojansa. Yana cewa: "Ya kamata a kula da kai a cikin sanyi, ciwon yana fama da yunwa, kuma ƙafafunsa suna dumi" shi ne misali na gaskiya na Suvorov.

Alexander Suvorov

2. Uwargida Teresa ita ce 'yar'uwa ce da wani mutum mai yawan gaske da ke yin aikin yau da kullum don bauta wa mutane da kuma ƙaunar Allah.

Mother Theresa

3. Mark Zuckerberg - wanda ya kafa cibiyar sadarwa ta Facebook ya gamsu da kayan tufafi masu sauki na masu samar da kayan aiki, tare da matarsa ​​ta jagoranci rayuwa mai kyau.

Mark Zuckerberg

4. Jose Cordano - tsohon shugaban kasar Uruguay, ya sauya yawancin albashinsa ga ƙaunar jin dadi ga matalauta.

Jose Cordano

5. Keanu Reeves - mai shahararrun wasan kwaikwayo na miliyoyin rayuka a cikin wani karamin ɗakin, yana motsawa da sufuri na jama'a, da maraba da jin tausayi tare da talakawa. Hanyoyin da ake yi wa 'yan wasan kwaikwayo sun tafi don yaki da ciwon daji da kuma taimaka wa matalauta.

Keanu Reeves