Gaskiyar cewa mai wakiltar tarin fuka ne mai kwayar cutar sananne ne ga mutane da yawa. Amma menene wannan microorganism, ta yaya ake watsa shi, a wace yanayi ne yake jin dadi - ba duk masu sana'a na zamani san amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyi ba?
Mene ne cutar kwayar cuta?
Wanda yake wakili na tarin fuka shine sanda na tarin fuka. Yana da nau'in microorganism mai kama da nau'i, wanda a tsawon zai kai 10 microns. Kodayake, kamar yadda aikin ya nuna, yawancin kwayoyin suna yawanci daga 1 zuwa 4 μm. Wandan fadin yana da ƙasa - daga 0.2 zuwa 0.6 microns. Tsarin microorganism na iya zama madaidaiciya ko dan kadan mai lankwasawa. A matsayinka na mulkin, tsarin sandan yana da uniform, amma wani lokacin yana da granular. Ƙarshenta suna lankwasawa.
Mycobacteria sune masu tayar da cutar tarin fuka kuma sun kasance a cikin sassan schizomycetes, iyalin da suka yi aiki. Suna kunshi:
- salula;
- cytoplasmic membrane;
- jigilar;
- cytoplasm;
- makaman nukiliya - nucleotide.
Mycobacterium shine sunan zamani. Tun da farko, wakilin mai tarin fuka ne ake kira Koch's wand - don girmama masanin kimiyya, wanda ya fara nazarin shi kuma ya tabbatar da tsarki na al'ada. Gwaje-gwaje a kan dabbobi sun yarda Koch ya tabbatar da cewa irin wannan cututtuka na ciwo.
Binciken cutar
Bacillus na tarin fuka ne wanda aka kawo ta hanyar ruwa. A matsakaicin lokaci, lokacin shiryawa zai kasance daga makonni biyu zuwa wata. Yawancin lokaci, nan da nan bayan kwayoyin sun shiga cikin jiki, ana kiran karamin tubercle tubercle a cikin takaddun da aka shafa. Ya ƙunshi manyan kwayoyin halitta da leukocytes kewaye da mycobacteria.
Tare da juriya mai kyau na tsarin rigakafi, tarin fuka-fuka pathogens baya wuce tubercle. Suna cikin jiki, amma ba su da wani haɗari. Idan rigakafi ya raunana, yatsun suna fara ninka sosai da sauri, kuma cutar tana tasowa.
Tsayayya ga tasirin muhalli
Mycobacteria gudanar da daidaita da rayuwa. A waje da jiki, sun kasance mai yiwuwa na dogon lokaci:
- a cikin littattafai, kwayoyin rayuwa suna rayuwa zuwa wata biyu;
- a cikin ƙura - makonni biyu;
- a cikin cellars - har zuwa watanni shida;
- a cikin ɗakin dakuna marasa haske da hasken rana - har zuwa watanni biyar;
- a wasu abinci - man shanu, cuku - kimanin shekara guda.
Bugu da ƙari, wakili na tarin fuka zai iya jure yanayin yanayin zafi. Sabili da haka, a cikin digiri saba'in, wand din yana rayuwa har zuwa sa'a daya. Murmushi zai kashe mycobacterium ba a baya fiye da minti biyar ba.
Koda ma sunadarai ba zasu iya shawo kan wannan microorganism ba. Saboda haka, ba shi da amfani don yin aiki a kan shi tare da alkalis, acid ko alcohols. Wannan hujja ta bayyana cewa kwayar tana da karfi mai karfi. An ƙaddara na ƙarshe na kayan mai da mai da-ciki.
Abin da wand ke jin tsoron gaske - hasken rana. A karkashin rinjayar haskoki na ultraviolet, wakilin mai tarin fuka ya mutu a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan. Kuma kasancewa a cikin rana, an kashe mycobacterium na tsawon rabin sa'a.
Yadda za a magance Koch ta wand?
Na dogon lokaci an yarda da cewa ba zai yiwu ba a dawo daga tarin fuka. Har yanzu ana fuskantar matsalolin ƙwayoyin cuta a yau. Don halakar da mycobacteria, kana buƙatar yin yaki na dogon lokaci kuma mai tsanani. Ɗaya daga cikin miyagun kwayoyi a wannan yanayin ba zai taimaka ba. Dole ne a dauki magunguna a cikin mahimmanci na yau da kullum. Ko da a lokacin gajeren lokaci, kwayoyin zasu iya samar da rigakafi ga manyan abubuwa masu aiki.
A lokacin magani ana hana shi barasa da shan taba. Abincin mai haƙuri ya kamata ya hada da yawan abinci, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa.