Yadda za a yi girma cucumbers - asirin dasa da kuma ciyar

Yadda za a yi girma cucumbers ne sananne da aka sani ga kowane lambu lambu. Amma ba koyaushe sakamakon zai dace da sakamakon da ake sa ran ba. Girbi mai girma shine lada na mai aiki da kwarewa, da sanin kwarewa daga duk matakai na noma wannan kayan lambu mai dadi.

Cucumbers - dasa

Dalilin girma cucumbers ne mai sauqi qwarai. Su ne:

A kokwamba ya bunƙasa a yankunan da aka haɓaka tare da gangaren kudancin kan kasa mai laushi tare da tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki da kuma dan kadan. Amma ko da wuri mafi mahimmanci bazai iya zuwa ga shuka ba, idan a baya an shuka kabewa, kankana, beetroot, sunflower ko tumatir. Kada ka ba da shawara ga agronomists su yi girma cucumbers a wani yanki na tsawon shekaru biyu - wannan zai haifar da yaduwar wasu cututtuka (fusarium, anthracnose, bacteriosis).

Tsarin zafin jiki da zafi yana ƙayyade hanyar da lokaci na dasa shuki. A yankuna dumi, amfanin gona mai kyau ya haifar da shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa. Hanyar dafafan amfanin gona shine mafi kyau ga wurare masu tasowa tare da filayen ƙananan zafin jiki. Wannan hanya ma yana da kyau saboda yana ba ka damar samun girbi na farko - don makonni 2-3 da tsire-tsire da aka dasa tare da tsire-tsire na 'yan uwansu waɗanda suka ɓace daga cikin tsaba a cikin ƙasa. Umurnin girma ya fi sauƙi don samar da shuka tare da tsarin zazzabi da ake bukata, haske da watering a cikin greenhouse.

Technology na girma kokwamba - gadaje

Ƙasa don kokwamba yana buƙatar shirya shiri a gaba. A cikin kaka ana buƙatar tsire-tsire da tsirrai, an samar da takin mai magani phosphoric da potassium. A cikin bazara, wannan baza a iya yi ba, tun da babban taro na kayan abinci na iya zama abin cutarwa ga shuke-shuke. Idan an ƙara yawan ƙwayar ƙasa, to, an yi amfani da takin mai magani na limestone. Ya kamata a yi amfani da takin nitrogen a cikin bazara a lokacin shuka na kasar gona kafin dasa shuki da kuma lokacin ci gaban shuka.

Noma da kula da cucumbers a cikin ƙasa bude zai bada sakamako masu dacewa tare da shirye-shirye na shirye-shiryen tsaba. Dole ne a yi la'akari da kayan dasawa da zafi, a cikin ƙananan bishiyoyi da kuma dura. Yanayin shuka kayan lambu ya kamata ya zama marigayi - a cikin tsaka-tsakin yanayi mai zurfi ya kamata a yi ba a cikin farkon watan Mayu ba, lokacin da kasar gona ta yi zafi har zuwa +15 ... + 17 ° C. Shuka tsaba a cikin rijiyoyin (tare da wani lokaci na 50-60 cm, wanda ke cikin ɗaya ko biyu layuka). Ana saka tsaba 4-5 a kowane daji. Zurfin shuka shine har zuwa 2 cm a kan ƙasa mai laushi mai nauyi, har zuwa 4 cm - a kan haske sandy kasa.

Shuka kokwamba seedlings

Ƙarfafa seedlings, da aka shuka a ƙasa, za su fara bada 'ya'ya a baya don makonni biyu fiye da shrubs girma daga tsaba. A saboda wannan dalili, manoma masu yawa sun fi son tafarkin iri, musamman ma a cikin wurare masu tasowa inda bazara ba ya cinye zafi. Turawa na fara farawa, tun da suna bukatar dasa su a farkon Yuni, kuma a lokacin dasa shuki a kan shuka ya zama 3-4 ganye da shekarunta ya zama kwanaki 20-25. Mafi kyau duka yanayin namo na kokwamba seedlings:

Noma na cucumbers daga tsaba

Kyakkyawan girbi yana yiwuwa a lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba a bude ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, kulawa na musamman ya kamata a ba da shiri na kayan dasawa:

Hanyar na girma cucumbers

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shuka cucumbers. An ƙayyade su ta hanyar iri-iri, da samuwa na sararin samaniya, ingancin ƙasa, tsarin mulki da yanayin fashewa. Wasu hanyoyi na girma cucumbers na buƙatar ƙarin farashin don gina ƙwanƙoki da sayan kwantena na musamman. Mafi shahara tsakanin masu aikin lambu shine hanyoyin da suka biyo baya:

  1. Vasstil. Kwanƙwan ɗanƙan ya ɗora a duk gado kuma cikakken amfani da hasken rana. Rashin haɓakar hanya ita ce babban yiwuwar lalata tsarin mai tushe da tushen lokacin da aka sassauta ƙasa da watering.
  2. A trellis. An shuka tsire-tsire a layuka guda biyu, ana yada tarkon a cikin, kuma an sanya waya zuwa garesu. Lokacin amsa tambayar ta yadda za a shuka cucumbers ta hanyar tace, yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa a wannan yanayin akwai wajibi ne don zaɓar wurin da aka kare daga iskõki da zane.
  3. A cikin ganga. Hanyar hanyar da za ta adana sararin samaniya - girma cucumbers a cikin ganga an dauke da sabo ne, amma an riga an yi amfani dashi a tsakanin manoma da manoma. Rumbun suna cike da ciyawa, noma, ana zuba ƙasa daga sama, shayar da ƙasa an bar ya tsaya har mako guda. Sa'an nan kuma shuka tsaba 5-8.

Yanayi don girma cucumbers

Kokwamba ne tsire-tsire mai zafi, ba zai jure wa frosts ba, har ma da zafin jiki na + 10 ° C na iya zama mummunan shi. Tsarin mulki na kayan lambu shine 25-30 ° C da zafi ba ƙananan fiye da 70-80% ba. A yawan zafin jiki na + 15 ° C, harbe ya rage ci gaban su. Culti na cucumbers a cikin ƙasa bude yana dauke da loosening na ƙasa da weeding na weeds. Manoma manyan masana'antu sun fi so su maye gurbin matakai biyu na karshe ta hanyar yin la'akari da ƙasa .

Namo na cucumbers a cikin ƙasa - watering

Kafin farkon lokacin ciyayi, ya kamata a shayar da shuka a madaidaiciya a cikin rabi na 4-6 lita kowace 1 m 2 bayan kwanaki 5-6, shuki da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar tsaftacewa mai tsabta - 6-12 lita kowace rana. Watering ya kamata a yi tare da ruwan dumi kuma kawai a maraice. Don kauce wa lalata tsarin tushen sassauki, ya kamata ka yi amfani da gwangwani da gurasar gurasar. Girma da kula da cucumbers a ƙarshen lokacin rani yana nufin rage yawan watering. Rashin ruwa a cikin ƙasa mai sanyaya zai iya jawo gawarwar tushen rot.

Tips don girma cucumbers - saman miya

Farin takaddama na yau da kullum ya bayyana a cikin jerin asirin namo na cucumbers. Da ciwon raunin tushen tsarin, injin yana buƙatar ƙarin tushen abubuwan da ke amfani da su, waɗanda suke da wadata cikin takin gargajiya. An fara yin gyare-gyare na farko a farkon flowering, yayin da ake aiki a kowane lokaci - kowane kwanaki 10-15. A matsayin taki, zaka iya yin amfani da maganin tsuntsaye (diluted cikin ruwa 1:20) ko mullein (a cikin rabo na 1:10). Yayin da kake girma a karkashin bushes zaka iya zuba peat. Amfani da cucumbers da foliar top dressing - spraying tare da bayani na musamman "Ovary" .

Growing cucumbers a gonar - cututtuka da kwari

Common kwaro na kokwamba ne wireworms, aphids, sprouts, gizo-gizo mites. Zaku iya yakar su ta hanyar zalunta kwari da bushes ("Fosbetsid", "Agravertin", "Phytoferm", "Carbophos"). Hanyoyin da ake yi na girma cucumbers bayar da shawarar da rigakafin cututtuka irin su powdery mildew, bacteriosis, anthracnose. Don wadannan dalilai, gyaran iri yana gudana, lokacin da bayyanar bayyanar cutar ta bayyana, an shuka tsire-tsire tare da bayani na potassium permanganate, sulfaride, yafa masa sulfur.