Kafin ƙaddamar da maganin rigakafi, ƙananan cututtukan ƙananan yara sun kamu da ƙananan yara. Sakamakon zazzaɓi yana daya daga cikin nau'o'in maganin, wanda ya shafi yara masu shekaru 2-16. Mun gode wa magani na zamani, wannan cutar bata zama mummunar barazana ba, kuma alamunta suna saukewa.
Scarlet zazzabi yana sa
Ingancin da aka bayyana ya shigo jikin ne kawai daga waje, daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wani. Sakamakon zane-zane na shuɗin ƙwayar zazzabi yana da streptococcus mai yalwa na kungiyar A na takamaiman nau'in. Dole ne ya sami ikon samar da wani abu na musamman mai suna "erythrotoxin". Wannan wani abu ne mai guba kuma ya yanke shawara game da yadda zazzabi ya kamu da shi a cikin yara - alamun bayyanar cututtuka da maganin cutar, tsananinta da tsawonta. Bayan dawowa zuwa erythrotoxin, an samar da rigakafin rayuwa, sabili da haka yana yiwuwa a sauya nau'in bincike na bincike sau ɗaya kawai.
Yaya aka zubar da zazzabi na zazzabi?
Kwayar cututtuka mai sauƙi ne na harbawa, hanya mai mahimmanci ita ce iska. Streptococcus ya kasance mai yiwuwa a waje da jikin mutum, don haka an kawo shi ta hanyar abubuwa na kowa (tufafi, kayan wasa, da sauransu da sauransu). Cikakken zazzaɓi a cikin yaron zai iya bunkasa lokacin da yake hulɗa da wani mutum mai lafiya wanda ba shi da wata alama ba. Kimanin kashi 15 cikin dari na yawan mutanen duniya suna da masu dauke da kwayoyin cuta, kwayoyin halitta marasa lafiya wadanda ke rayuwa a kan mucosa na nasopharynx kuma an sake su cikin yanayin.
Scarlet zazzabi - lokacin shiryawa a yara
Halin bayyanar da alamomin farko na asibiti ba sa'a ba, yana da bambanci ga kowane yaro. Ba wai kawai yaduwar cutar ta shafi yadda ake nunawa zazzabi a cikin yara - bayyanar cututtuka da magani sun dogara ne akan amfanin lafiyar jaririn, yanayin lafiyarsa da salon rayuwarsa. Tare da tsarin kare lafiyar, kamuwa da cuta ya samu sauƙi, ana nuna alamun bayyanannu bayan kwanaki 5-10 bayan kamuwa da cuta. Yayinda yara suka raunana, yaduwar filafin zazzabi ya yi sauri - lokaci na shiryawa yana da kwanaki 1-4. A irin waɗannan lokuta, lalacewar kwayar cutar ta fi tsanani, sakamakon sakamako mai yiwuwa.
Nawa ne ƙwayar zazzabi?
An yi la'akari da rashin lafiyar yara a matsayin yiwuwar haɗari ga wasu yara a cikin makonni 2-3 na farko na alamun farko. Sau da yawa Harshen zazzabi yana ciwo da kuma bayan ya dawo. Akwai ra'ayi game da kwayar cutar streptococcus, lokacin da aka fitar da kwayoyin cikin yanayin har tsawon kwanaki 21 ko da tare da cikakkiyar ɓataccen alamun alamun kamuwa da cuta.
Yaya zazzabi zazzabi ya bayyana?
Abubuwa da aka bayyana sunyi suna da manyan alamomi guda uku. Sun nuna alamun, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yara yara da iyaye masu sanin su san abin da zazzabin zazzabi yake kamar:
- rashes a jiki;
- canza yanayin harshe;
- ƙonewa na larynx.
Bugu da ƙari, wasu alamu na musamman, akwai asibiti na asibiti:
- zazzabi;
- rashin ƙarfi;
- ciwon kai;
- bushewa da kuma peeling na epidermis (a ranar farfadowa na dawowa);
- malaise;
- ƙaddamar da ƙwayoyin lymph nodes .
Rash tare da m zazzabi
Maganin cututtuka na farko yana juya ja a ƙarƙashin aikin babban ƙwayar erythroxin cikin jini. Bayan 'yan sa'o'i kadan ya zama a fili cewa yaro yana da kyakkeran ƙwayar zafi - ƙyatarwa ta rufe jiki duka a cikin nau'i mai ƙananan haske. Musamman mai yawa rashes a jikin a kan tarnaƙi, a cikin yankunan da hannayensu da ƙafa. Raguwa da ƙyallen ƙwayar ƙwayar zafi a yara bai shafi kawai triangle nasolabial ba. Yayinda yake jawo launin fata da fata, ya dubi kodadde.
Harshe da ƙwayar zazzaɓi
Mataki na gaba a jarraba jaririn shine jarrabawar ɓangaren murya. Ana nuna alamun bidiyon zazzabi a yara a cikin harshen. A cikin kwanakin farko na cutar, an rufe shi da wani farin fata, wani lokaci tare da tinge launin toka. Daga bisani an kawar da farfajiyar, kuma alamun bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana, kamar yadda shuɗin zazzaɓi ya bayyana a cikin yara a cikin harshe:
- Crimson launi;
- karfi da girma babilla;
- furularity.
Al'umma tare da Scarlet zazzabi
Idan ka dubi zurfi, yana da saukin samun hoto na asibiti na ciwon makogwaro mai tsanani. Alamun jan bakararru zazzabi sunyi kama da tonsillitis:
- ja da kuma kumbura masu tayi;
- kumburi na laushi mai laushi, ƙananan pharyngeal, harshe da arches ("pharynx mai haske");
- farar fata ko fari a kan gland.
A wannan mataki yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa ba angina ba ce, amma filayen zazzabi a yara - cututtuka da maganin wadannan cututtuka sun bambanta, amma bayyanuwar gwagwarmaya suna kama da juna. Don bincika, dole ne a sake gwadawa alamun takaddun erythrotoxin. Lokacin da baza ku iya tabbatar da irin abubuwan da ke cikin tambaya ba, to ya fi dacewa a nemi likitan dan jarida nan da nan.
Jiyya na shuɗin ƙwayar zafi a cikin yara
Da yake la'akari da irin wannan magungunan cutar da cutar, asali ne kawai aka gudanar da kwayoyin cutar antibacterial. Yara suna ɗaukar cutar zazzaɓi - magani ne a gida, ana buƙatar asibiti a cikin lokuta masu ban mamaki, lokacin da rigakafiyar jaririn ya yi rauni sosai ko hadarin rikitarwa yana da girma. Janar magungunan maganin cututtuka da gyaran yara:
- Keɓe masu ciwo. Don akalla kwanaki 10, kulawa ya kamata a dauka don ware ɗan yaron, don ƙetare sadarwarsa tare da sauran mutane.
- Gidan hutawa. Sauran an bada shawarar a cikin mummunan lokaci na cutar, musamman idan jariri yana da babban zazzabi, kuma yana jin wani malaise, ciwon kai. Lokacin da lafiyar lafiyar jiki ta kasance al'ada, za a iya warware matsalolin har ma da gajeren lokaci.
- Abin sha mai yawa bitaminized. Yara suna amfani da 'ya'yan itace masu amfani da' ya'yan itace, 'ya'yan itace da abincin da ake amfani da shi a cikin ɗakin ajiya, dakin magani mai dumi da citrus da zuma, kayan ado mai ban sha'awa na' ya'yan itatuwa.
- Abinci mara kyau. Saboda ciwon makogwaro, yana da wahala ga yaro ya haɗiye abinci mai kyau, don haka an bada shawarar cewa yara suyi niƙa, yankakken yanki da ruwa wanda aka saukake, wadataccen abubuwa da kuma bitamin. Yana da kyawawa don ƙayyade amfani da kayan abinci mai daɗi, abinci mai gwangwani, kayan shayarwa, ruwa mai kwakwalwa. Sau da yawa an umurci likitocin yara su bi ka'idodi na lamba 2 na Pevzner.
- Matakan tallafi. Wasu cututtuka masu illa masu haɗari suna tare da ƙwayar zazzaɓi na yara a cikin yara - cututtuka da magani da maganin magungunan antimicrobial suna da ɓarna da bayyanar cututtuka na rashin lafiyar da kuma rashin daidaituwa na microflora a cikin hanji. Don hana wadannan abubuwan mamaki, probiotics (Bifiform), antihistamines ( Suprastin ), enterosorbents ( Enterosgel ) ana gudanar.
Magungunan rigakafi don yalwa zazzabi
Siffar Streptococcus A shine mafi mahimmanci ga penicillin, don haka antimicrobial kwayoyi a cikin wannan rukuni ya kasance mafi fifiko a cikin ci gaban na asali farfesa. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- Ƙarfafawa;
- Hiconcile;
- Maganin;
- Gracsimol;
- Amoxyl;
- Flemoxin Solutab da analogues.
Idan yaron ya kasance mai rashin lafiyan ko rashin shiga ga penicillin, ko cutar ta kasance mai tsanani, za a magance zazzaɓi da zazzaɓi da macrolides da cephalosporins:
- Erythromycin;
- Cefazolin;
- Azimed;
- Klabel;
- Cephezole;
- Remora da sauransu.
Ba za ku iya yin rubutun da kansa ba kuma ku sayi maganin rigakafi, kawai likita yana shiga cikin wannan. Kwararren ya zaɓi tsawon lokaci na farfadowa. Yana da mahimmanci cewa za a gyara labaran zazzabi a yara - alamunta da magani yana da sauƙin idan an samo asali ne daidai. Yin amfani da magungunan antibacterial ya kamata ya wuce akalla kwana 10, da katsewa da sauri a cikin hanya ya ɓaci tare da sake haifar da haifar da streptococcal, da yaduwa zuwa wasu gabobin da kuma hadarin rikitarwa.
Fiye da yunkurin da zazzabi zazzaɓi?
Wannan hanya yana taimakawa wajen tsaftace tonsils daga kwayar cutar kwayan cuta kuma rage rage zafi a pharynx. Kyakkyawan hanyar magance cutar zazzaɓi shine a wanke kulle ka da maganin maganin antiseptic:
- Furacilin;
- Chlorophyllitis;
- Miramistin ;
- Chlorhexidine;
- Stomatidine;
- Yoksom da ma'anar hakan.
A gida, zaku iya shirya ruwa mai warkewa. Don shayarwa, saline da soda mafita, broths na magani ganye:
- chamomile;
- eucalyptus;
- calendula;
- lemun tsami-launin;
- Sage.
Scarlet zazzabi - sakamakon
Kaddamarwa ne ko da yaushe m. Idan ana samo alamun bayyanar a cikin lokaci, kuma an zaɓar magani ne daidai, zazzaɓi zazzabi ya saukowa da sauƙi - matsalolin da ke faruwa a lokuta masu ban mamaki. Idan akwai wani aiki na wucin gadi ko katsewa daga hanyoyin maganin maganin rigakafin cutar, sakamakon da ke tattare da cututtuka na iya yiwuwa:
- purulent otitis kafofin watsa labarai;
- lymphadenitis;
- ciwon huhu;
- synovitis;
- glomerulonephritis;
- arthritis;
- pyelonephritis;
- ƙaddara;
- Rheumatic zazzabi;
- raunuka na tsarin mai juyayi.
Rigakafin ƙwayar zazzaɓi a cikin yara
Musamman ma'auni don kare yaron daga kamuwa da cuta tare da streptococcus, duk da haka. Ba a cigaba da sutura daga zafin ƙwayar zazzaɓi ba don magance kamuwa da cuta, ana ba da shawarar likitocin yara kawai su bi shawarar shawarwarin.
Dokokin manyan:
- Yi hankali a kiyaye dokoki na tsabtace jiki, wanke hannayenka sau da yawa.
- Don koya wa jariri don kada ya taɓa fuskarsa da yatsun ƙura, kada ka yi idanu kuma kada ka karba a hanci.
- A koyaushe tsaftace gidan kuma ya motsa cikin gida.
- Rufe hanci da baki a lokacin yatsata da kuma tari (duka naka da sauransu).
- Koyar da yaron ya yi amfani da nasu kawai, kada ku sha daga kwalban.
Zai fi wuya a hana ƙwayar cuta, idan an sami ciwon zazzabi a cikin yarinya, yin rigakafi a irin waɗannan lokuta ana nufin hana rigakafin:
- Kwararrun lafiyar yara waɗanda basu riga sun jure wa al'amuran da aka bayyana ba sun ware a gida na kwana bakwai.
- 'Yan yara masu fama da rashin lafiya sun kasance a cikin keɓewa kuma a karkashin kulawar wani gwani na tsawon mako shida (ta hanyar shawarar likita).
- Duk wanda ya tuntubi wani yaron da ya kamu da cutar, a cikin kwanaki 5, ya shayar da pharynx ko kuma ya wanke bakin ta tare da kisan kai (sau 4 a rana nan da nan bayan abinci).
- Ana kula da abubuwan da ake gabatarwa yau da kullum tare da tsarin 0.5% na Chloramine.
- Lingen da kuma jita-jita suna ƙarƙashin tafasa da kuma ironing tare da ƙarfe mai zafi.