Pneumocystis ciwon huhu ne wani ciwon maɗamfari mai kumburi tsari a cikin huhu da aka lalacewa ta hanyar yisti-kamar fungi Pneumocystis jirovecii (pneumocysts). Rashin kamuwa da cuta zai iya faruwa ta hanyar droplets mai iska. Wadannan cututtuka suna samuwa a cikin huhu daga mutane da yawa masu lafiya, amma suna haifar da cututtuka ne kawai a cikin yanayin rashin daidaituwa.
Rashin fadin rigakafi na iya zama saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki;
- maganin kwayoyin cutar;
- da hanya na chemotherapy;
- cututtuka na jini;
- ciki;
- liyafar kwayoyi na immunosuppressive (alal misali, tare da suturar jiki), da dai sauransu.
Duk da haka, mafi yawancin wannan cutar ana samuwa a cikin mutane tare da tsarin rashin lafiya wanda ya raunana, wanda cutar HIV ta kamu da ita. Pneumocystis ciwon huhu ne aka yi rajistar a kashi 70 cikin 100 na mutanen da ke fama da cutar HIV.
Ta yaya pneumocystis ciwon huhu yake ci gaba?
Ma'aikata masu cuta suna shiga jikin mutum ta hanyar respiratory tract. Samun ƙananan ƙarancin bronchi da alveoli, suna fara ninka rayayye. A wannan lokacin, ƙuduri zai fara tarawa a cikin sashin jiki na jiki, wanda hakan ya hana ci gaban iska.
Madabaran da aka samar a lokacin ci gaba da karuwanci sun shiga cikin jini kuma suna haifar da samar da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta. Wannan zai haifar da kumburi da ganuwar alveoli na huhu, wanda kuma yana haifar da gazawar numfashi. Ci gaba na tsarin zai haifar da fibrosis, pulmon emphysema , rufe pneumothorax kuma iya ci gaba. A lokuta da yawa, pneumocysts ya mamaye wasu kwayoyin halitta (hanta, koda, yada).
Hanyoyin cututtuka na Pneumocystis ciwon huhu
Sakamakon cutar yafi yawa, kuma yana da alamun bayyanar da ke ciki:
- ƙananan ƙaruwa a yanayin jiki;
- ciwon kai;
- m dyspnoea da jiki aiki;
- raunin gaba daya;
- ƙara karuwa;
- zafi a cikin kirji;
- tari (mafi sau da yawa bushe, ƙananan, ƙananan sau da yawa - tare da saki suturar foamy sputum).
Bayan mako ɗaya ko biyu, wadannan alamun bayyanarwa na iya bayyana:
- zazzabi;
- dyspnea a hutawa;
- ƙara tari;
- cyanosis na triangle nasolabial;
- acrocyanosis;
- retraction na intercostal sarari.
A cikin kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV, cutar tana tasowa a hankali, an bayyana alamun cututtukan kwayoyin cutar bayan bayan makonni 4-12. A irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, hawan ƙwayar cutar pneumocyly sukan haɗu da wasu cututtuka, don haka maye yana bayyana a cikin gaba a cikin hoton asibiti.
Sanin asali na PCP
Sakamakon ganewar asali ya dogara ne akan radiyo ko lissafin rubutu. Gano ma'anar mai yiwuwa na kamuwa da cuta zai yiwu ta binciken nazarin tarihin ruwa mai tsabta da kuma bishiyar halitta, wanda aka aiwatar da hanyar fibrobronchoscopy.
Jiyya na PCP
Magunguna tare da alamar asibiti na cutar suna asibiti, ana kula da PCP tare da HIV a cikin saitunan asibiti. Magungunan maganin magunguna,
- anti-inflammatory kwayoyi;
- expectorant , mucolytics;
- immunomodulators, da dai sauransu.
Babban magungunan da ke shafar pneumocyst shine trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole da dentamidine isothionate. Magunguna marasa lafiya na AIDS sun fi yawancin rubutun alpha-difluoromethylornithine. Oxygen rashi yana da shawarar don oxygen.