Ko da daga benci na makaranta, mun tuna cewa mafi girman duniyarmu ita ce Everest. Bari mu gano ainihin inda wannan dutse ya kasance, kuma abin da ke da ban sha'awa da alaka da shi.
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Ina taron taron Everest?
Mount Everest, ko kuma, kamar yadda aka kira shi a wata hanya, Jomolungma yana daya daga cikin filayen dutse Himalayan . Ba shi yiwuwa a yi suna daidai da ƙasar inda Mount Everest yake, tun da yake yana tsaye ne a iyakar Nepal da China. An yi imanin cewa, mafi girma mafi girma shi ne kasar Sin, ko kuma mafi kyau - ga yankin Tibet mai zaman kanta . A lokaci guda, gangaren tudu na dutsen shi ne kudancin, kuma Everest kanta yana da siffar dutse wanda ya kunshi fuskoki uku.
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An kirkiro Everest don girmama dan Ingilishi, wanda yayi babban taimako ga nazarin geodesy a wannan yanki. Sunan na biyu - Jomolungma - dutsen da aka karɓa daga harshen Tibet ya nuna "mahaifa", wanda ke nufin "uwar mahaifiyar Allah". Matsayi mafi girma na Duniya yana da suna na uku - Sagarmatha, wanda aka fassara daga harshen Nepale - "Uwar Allah". Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa tsoffin mutanen Tibet da Nepal sunyi la'akari da asalin wannan dutse mai girma ba kawai a matsayin bayyanar allahntaka mafi girma ba.
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Dangane da tsawo na Dutsen Everest, daidai ne 8848 m - wannan shi ne adadi mai kula da tsauni na wannan dutse sama da matakin teku. Har ila yau ya haɗa da gangami na gilashi, yayin da tsawo na dutsen dutse mai tsabta ya kai karamin ƙasa - 8844 m.
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Na farko da ya ci nasara a wannan tsawo shi ne mazaunin New Zealand E. Hillary da Sherp (mazaunan yankin Jomolungma a Nepal) T. Norgay a 1953. Bayan haka, an tsara yawan bayanai game da hawan Hauwa'u zuwa ga Hauwa'u: hanyar da ta fi wuya, hawan ba tare da yin amfani da magungunan oxygen ba, tsawon lokacin da za a zauna a saman, shekarun da ya fi ƙuruci (shekaru 13) da kuma mafi tsufa (shekarun 80) na Everest da sauransu.
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Yadda za a samu zuwa Everest?
Yanzu kun rigaya san inda Everest yake. Amma samun zuwa gare shi ba sauki kamar yadda alama a farko duba. Da farko, domin ya tashi zuwa saman duniya, yana da muhimmanci a hankali don shiga cikin jaka kuma jira a kalla shekaru da yawa. Hanyar da ta fi sauƙi don yin wannan shi ne wani ɓangare na tafiya daga ɗayan manyan masana'antun kasuwanci: suna samar da kayan aiki masu dacewa, horar da kuma tabbatar da lafiyar dangi masu hawa a lokacin hawan. Dukansu hukumomin kasar Sin da na kasar Nepale sun sami nasara a kan waɗanda suke so su ci Dutsen Everest: wani wucewa zuwa dutsen da izinin yin hakan zai kashe kimanin dala miliyan 60!
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Bugu da ƙari, da yawan kuɗin kuɗi, kuna bukatar ku ciyar da watanni 2 don haɓakawa, ƙwarewa mafi dacewa da inganta rayuwarku. Ya kamata a tuna cewa hawan zuwa Mount Everest yana yiwuwa ne kawai a wasu lokuta na shekara: daga Maris zuwa Mayu daga Satumba zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba. Duk sauran shekara a yankin inda Dutsen Everest yake, akwai matsala masu yawa ga yanayin yanayin yanayin fadi.
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Tarihin abubuwan hawa zuwa Jomolongmu ya san abubuwa fiye da 200. Dukansu fararen hula da matasan jirgin ruwa sun mutu lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin cin nasara a taron. Babban dalilai na wannan shine yanayi mai matsananciyar yanayi (a saman dutsen da zafin jiki ya sauko ƙasa -60 ° C, iskõki suna hurawa cikin iska), dutsen tsaunuka da yawa, snowlanches da drifts. Ko da lokuta masu yawa na mutuwa a kan Dutsen Everest sun san. Musamman mahimmanci ana daukar su zama ɓangare na gangara mai dadi sosai, lokacin da kawai 300 m ya kasance zuwa sama: an kira shi "mafi tsawo a cikin duniyar duniya".
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