- Adireshin: Cēsis, Cēsu pilsēta, LV-4101, Latvia;
- Length: 65 m;
- Width: 32 m;
- Height daga cikin ƙararrawa taƙararraki tare da spire: 80 m;
- Shekara ta gina: 1283 - 1287 shekaru.
Ba kowace birnin Latvia ba ta iya yin alfarma irin wannan ikklisiya da majami'a, kamar Ikilisiyar St. John a Cesis. Yaya aka faru a cikin wannan karamin lardin da yawancin mutane fiye da 17,000 suka gina wannan tsari mai ban mamaki?
Tarihin Haikali
Ikilisiyar St. John ya fara kafa a Cesis a 1281. An kammala ginin a cikin shekaru 3. Wannan aikin ya kasance nau'i na uku da ginshiƙai shida. Tsawon haikalin yana da mita 65, nisa - mita 32, tsayin hawan gwal yana da mita 80. Irin wannan girman shine saboda manufar sabon coci. Cedsis ne wanda aka zaba domin ya gina babban babban katako na littafin Livonian. Saboda haka, haikalin an gina shi a cikin halin halayyar 'yan'uwantaka nagari a wannan lokacin - a cikin gine-gine akwai abubuwa masu yawa, ƙuƙwalwa da hamsin da aka yi daga tubalin ƙwararrun masana'antu, kuma kayan ado yana da zurfi.
Ikilisiyan Lutheran na St. John ya zama ne kawai bayan 1621, kafin wannan Bishop na Katolika na Livonian yana zaune a nan.
Kamar Ikilisiyoyin Ikilisiya da dama, Ikilisiyar Cesis ta sha wahala daga hare-haren da 'yan garuruwan da ke cikin rikici suka yi ba tare da jin daɗi da yaƙe-yaƙe da Dokar ta ba da izini ba. Fiye da sau ɗaya, babban cocin ya kasance a karkashin harin da sojojin dakarun ke fuskanta - an yi ta kewaye da shi daga rundunar sojojin Swedes da Ivan the Terrible. Long mayar da coci na St. John da kuma bayan babban babban birane a 1568. Kuma a cikin karni na 18, an gyara ganuwar waje na gine-gine tare da taimakon magunguna masu ƙarfi, waɗanda suka yi rauni sosai na dogon lokaci.
A cikin karni na XIX, cocin ya sami siffofin neogothic. A kan gandun daji ta yamma an kara wani wuri kuma wani ɓangare na siffar pyramidal.
A 1907, sashen farko ya bayyana a cikin Ikilisiyan Lutheran St. John. A 1930, an maye gurbin tsohuwar sacristy ta sabon sabo.
Salon waje da na ciki
Ganuwar na waje na babban coci suna duban hanzari. Akwai abubuwa 4 masu ban sha'awa kawai:
- wani farantin tare da sakon game da gyaran coci a 1725 (a tsakiyar buttress);
- Giciye Malta, wanda shine alamar da aka ba da littafin Livonian (a gabashin buttress);
- da kayan makamai na Zadory daga Poland (a gefen gabashin);
- sunken agogo (a gefen kudancin).
Akwai abubuwa da yawa da suka dace a cikin coci na St. John. Mafi shahararrun su shine:
- kabarin bishops da masters na Order Livonian;
- Gilashin gilashin taga ta window da ƙarshen XIX;
- bagadin tare da mai fashi "Crucifixion", "Kalma" da kuma "Kristi a Cross";
- sassaukar da mala'ika daga itacen bishiya marar sani;
- Biyu bas-reliefs a kan portal ciki, kwatanta manyan dragons;
- Littafi Mai Tsarki na 1768, wanda aka rubuta a Nuremberg, wanda aka ƙera shi da fata mai laushi kuma ya yi ado da zinariya.
A kusa da Ikilisiyar St. John a Cesis akwai wani hoton da ake kira "ɗan lokaci", wanda yake nuna alaƙa da ƙarnin. Ta bayyana a nan a shekarar 2005. Akwai alamar: idan ka kunna wutar lantarki, sai ya haskaka rayuwarka tare da hasken farin ciki da alheri.
Bayani ga masu yawon bude ido
- Ikilisiyar St. John na bude kullum;
- Sau biyu a mako akwai sabis: Litinin daga 10:00 zuwa 12:00, ranar Alhamis daga 16:00 zuwa 18:00;
- ƙofar Haikali kyauta ne, zaka iya barin kyauta;
- don hawa dutsen, za ku bukaci ku biya $ 0.5 (daga sama za ku ga ra'ayi mai ban mamaki game da birnin kuma har ma ga Blue Mountain, wanda yake da kilomita 40 daga cocin);
- a lokacin da ake gudanar da wasan kwaikwayon kasa da kasa da manyan abubuwa a cikin babban coci, an rufe hanyar ƙofar baƙi.
Yadda za a samu can?
Cesis is located 90 km daga babban birnin kasar. Daga Riga zaka iya samun nan:
- by bas (tafiya a kowace awa daga tashar bas);
- by rail (uku jiragen ruwa gudu kowace rana a cikin shugabanci na Cesis);
- by mota (tare da babbar hanyar A2).
Ikilisiyar St. John yana tsaye a tsakiyar birnin, a kan titin Skolas 8. Dukansu tashar jirgin kasa da tashar bas din suna cikin nisa. Daga can za ku iya tafiya zuwa haikalin a cikin 'yan mintuna kaɗan, nesa kusan kimanin mita 600 ne.