Al'umma mai launi - matakan gaggawa da kuma maganin lafiya

Harshen maganin na yau da kullum yana haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar shigar da ruwa daga wadanda basu da kumburi daga kawunansu a cikin kwaminis da alveoli. Saboda wannan, akwai mummunar cutarwa na musayar gas, rashin yunwa na oxygen ya fara, kyakyawa da gabobi masu dadi.

Nau'i na ka'idar huhu

OL shi ne yanayin da za'a bai wa taimako nan da nan. Zai iya tashi saboda sakamakon jiki, da dare - a hutawa. Wasu lokutan kalama na huhu ya zama wani nau'i, wanda ke tasowa akan farfadowa da rashin cin hanci cikin kwayar. Jirgin bazai jimre da yawancin jini da aka cire daga capillaries, kuma ruwan da ke ƙarƙashin matsin lamba ya shiga cikin alveoli. Saboda haka, ƙwayoyin suna dakatar da yin ayyuka na ainihi.

Harkokin OL yana faruwa a kashi biyu. Na farko jinin ya shiga cikin kwari. Wannan yanayin ana kiranta lakabi ne na harshe. Tare da shi, an yi amfani da parenchyma gaba daya tare da ruwa, amma lumen na alveoli ba ya shiga transudate. Daga wuri na tsakiya, idan nauyin ba zai rage ba, jinin jini ya shiga cikin alveoli. A wannan yanayin, ana bincikar diarrhist pulmonary edema.

Lung edema har yanzu za'a iya rarraba ta lokacin ci gaban:

1. Muti yana faruwa a 2-4 hours.
2. Yana daukan lokuta da dama don inganta wani abu mai mahimmanci. Zai iya wuce na kwana ɗaya ko fiye.
3. Yin azumi yana da haɗari. Yana farawa ba zato ba tsammani, kuma kawai 'yan mintoci kaɗan bayan mutuwar mutuwa ta faru.

Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Daban-daban cututtuka na iya haifar da matsalar AL. An saita Kalmar Cardiac mai kwakwalwa a lokacin da zuciya ke shiga cikin tsari. Rashin cututtuka da ke haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin tsarin systolic da diastolic na ventricle na hagu. Ka sha wahala daga matsala yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya. Bugu da ƙari, rubutu mai kwakwalwa tare da infarction na katsewa, hauhawar jini, cututtukan zuciya. Don tabbatar da cewa OL yana da cututtuka na zuciya, kana buƙatar duba ƙwanƙirin capillary na huhu. Ya kamata a sama da 30 mm Hg. Art.

Noncardiogenic na huhu edema

Irin wannan OL za a iya haifar da ciwo daban-daban, yana haifar da matsalar guda ɗaya - rashin cin zarafin membrane. Cututtuka da ke haifar da mummunar cardiogenic edema:

• ciwon huhu (duka kwayoyin cuta da bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri);
• Ciwon DIC;
• m irin na hemorrhagic pancreatitis;
• cuta daga cikin huhu.

Babbar matsala ita ce katin zuciya da wadanda basu da kwakwalwa na harshe na da wahala a rarrabe tsakanin juna. Domin daidaita matsalar, kwararren ya kamata yayi la'akari da tarihin lafiyar mai haƙuri, tantance ischemia na myocardial, kuma auna tsakiya hemodynamics. A cikin kwaskwarima, ana amfani da gwajin gwaji-ingancin matsa lamba. Idan Figures sama da 18 mm Hg. Art. Shin kalma cardiogenic. Tare da matsala na asali na zuciya ba, matsin ya zama al'ada.

Rubutun maganganu mai guba

Jihar ta zo ne saboda:

• ƙara yawan haɓaka na capillary;
• cin zarafin halayarsu;
• ƙetare manyan al'amuran da ke faruwa a cikin kwakwalwar neurovegetative;
• oxygen yunwa.

Rubutun guba yana da wasu peculiarities. Yana da lokaci mai tsabta. Bugu da ƙari, an nuna alamun bayyanar OL tare da alamar cututtuka na ƙwayar ƙwayar kututtuka da ƙwayoyin sutura. Magunguna ya bambanta manyan lokuta hudu na ci gaban matsalar:

1. Na farko, bayyanar rikicewar rikice-rikice na da halayyar: tari, dyspnea mai tsanani, rashin laushi. A cikin lokuta mafi wuya, za'a iya dakatar da zuciya da kuma numfashi.
2. A lokacin kwanan baya, abubuwan da suka faru na fushi sun ragu. Ya kasance daga sa'o'i kadan zuwa kwanaki da yawa (amma a matsayin mai mulkin, ba kamar 4 zuwa 6 hours) ba. Kodayake lafiyar lafiya na mai haƙuri ma yana da karfin hali, matakan bincike zasu iya ƙayyade bayyanar cututtuka na maganin rubutu: numfashi yana zama sau da yawa, bugun jini yana ragu.
3. Mataki na uku ya nuna kumburi. Ya yi kusan wata rana. A wannan lokacin, zafin jiki ya tashi, neutrophilic leukocytosis tasowa.
4. A ƙarshe, akwai alamun matsalolin, wanda zai iya zama irin wannan cuta, kamar ciwon huhu ko pneumosclerosis.

Menene ya haifar da edema?

Dalilin da yasa lakaran ke kara, mai yawa. Daga cikin manyan su shine:

• sepsis (a mafi yawancin lokuta da ke tasowa a bayan bayanan shigarwa cikin toxins cikin jini);
• miyagun kwayoyi;
• ciwon huhu ;
• wani kariyar wasu kwayoyi (mafi hatsari sune kwayoyi masu guba da ƙwayoyin cuta da kwayoyin cytotoxic);
• lalata radiation ga huhu;
• guba da guba;
• stasis a farkon zagaye na wurare dabam dabam (lura da bronchial fuka, emphysema da sauran cututtuka);
• wani yawan ci gaba na kullum ko kwatsam a cikin tsarin gina jiki cikin jini (kamar yadda a cikin cirrhosis, ciwon nephrotic da sauran cututtuka na koda);
• interopathy;
• m irin na hemorrhagic pancreatitis;
• guba da gas ;
• fata na ciki;
• pneumothorax ;
• zauna a babban tsawo;
• Ƙarar daɗaɗɗen rashin ruwa na ruwa cikin intravenously.

Idon harshe tare da ciwon zuciya

Wannan farfadowa shine mataki na karshe na karuwar hauhawar jini a cikin kwakwalwa. Harshen kwakwalwa a cikin cututtukan zuciya yana tasowa a cikin nau'i-nau'i na zuciya rashin nasara da rushewar tsarin a matsayin cikakke. Cardiogenic edema yana halin da tari tare da fitarwa sputum launin ruwan kasa launi. A cikin lokuta masu wuya, mai haƙuri yana fama da rashin isasshen oxygen kuma ya rasa sani. Rashin jiki na marasa lafiya ya zama marar iyaka kuma babu cikakken amfani, sabili da haka, ana buƙatar samun iska daga cikin huhu.

Harshen kwakwalwa a tsawo

Cincin kumbuka yana da haɗari mai haɗari kuma ba kawai saboda hatsari na haɗuwa da ruwan sama ba. Kusar da huhu a cikin tsaunuka na kowa ne. Kuma yana iya tashi a cikin dattawa masu tasowa da masu hawa. Mafi girma da kake hawa dutsen, da rashin iskar oxygen da jikinka ke karɓa. A tsawo, matsa lamba ya ƙasa, kuma jinin da yake wucewa ta cikin huhu bai sami adadin yawan gas mai amfani ba. A sakamakon haka, ruwan ya tara cikin huhu. Kuma idan ba ku taimaka tare da kumburi da huhu ba, mutum zai iya mutuwa.

Idanu mai kwakwalwa a cikin marasa lafiya

Ba'a dace da jikin mutum don kasancewa cikin matsayi na matsayi na dogon lokaci ba. Sabili da haka, wasu marasa lafiya masu jin kunya sun fara rikitarwa a hanyar OL. Kwayoyin cuta na matsala sun kasance daidai da lalacewar cututtuka masu tsanani, amma yana da sauƙin magance irin wannan harshe na huhu, saboda an san shi a gaba don me ya sa ya bayyana.

Kuma a cikin marasa lafiya marasa kwanciya, rubutun mahimmanci yana haifar da dalilai masu zuwa: a matsayin matsayi mafi yawa da iska ke ciki. Saboda wannan, jinin yana gudana a cikin huhu yana raguwa, kuma samfurori suna ci gaba. Sputum, wanda ya ƙunshi kayan ƙaddarar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta, tarawa, da tsinkaya shi a fili yana da wahala. A sakamakon haka, ci gaba na tafiyar matakai, damuwa yana tasowa.

Bishara mai launi - alamar cututtuka, alamu

Bayani na ƙananan lambobin OL sun bambanta. Wannan karshen ya tasowa sannu a hankali. Na farko "haɗiye", gargadi game da matsalar, ya zama rashin ƙarfi na numfashi. Da farko ya taso ne kawai a lokacin motsa jiki, amma a lokaci, numfashi zai kasance da wuya ko a cikin yanayin hutawa. A cikin marasa lafiya da yawa, a cikin layi daya tare da takaicin numfashi, ana nuna alamun alamomin rubutu ta hanyar, alal misali, numfashi numfashi, tashin hankali, damuwa, raunin karfi. Don nuna cewa haɗari na iya zama hanya don sauraron huhu - m, gurguwa da kuma sautin motsa jiki suna ji a cikin stethoscope.

Kalmomin kwakwalwa maras nauyi ba shi da wuya a lura. An bayyana shi a daren dare, lokacin barci. Wani mutum ya farka daga harin da ake fama da shi mai tsanani. Yana dauke da tsoro, saboda wannan harin ne kawai yake ƙaruwa. Bayan dan lokaci, tari, pallor, furci cyanosis, gurasar sanyi, rawar jiki, ciwon zafi a cikin akwatin kirji suna kara zuwa alamun bayyanar da ke ciki. A yayin karuwan harshe, rikicewa zai iya faruwa, karfin jini zai iya fada, ko ya raunana - ko kuma ba za a gwada shi ba - ta hanyar bugun jini.

Gwaran harshe - magani

Alamar AL ya kamata a yi la'akari da raguwa domin ya kawar da dukkanin abubuwan da ke haifar da shi.

Ga yadda za a bi da rubutun akida:

1. Da farko, dole ne a dauki dukkan matakai don rage yawan jini zuwa huhu. Don yin wannan zai taimaka wa masana juyin halitta, diuretics, hanya na zubar da jini ko kuma yin amfani da wani yawon shakatawa.
2. Idan wannan zai yiwu, yana da muhimmanci don samar da yanayi don fitowar jini-taro - ta hanyar haɓaka ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar zuciya da rage karfin jigilar jini.
3. Maganin Oxygen yana taimakawa wajen kawar da alamu na edema.
4. Yana da matukar muhimmanci don ba da haƙuri ga zaman lafiya da kare shi daga matsalolin damuwa.
5. A cikin lokuta mafi tsanani, an yarda da cakuda 5 ml na 96% barasa da kuma 15 ml na 5% glucose bayani a cikin trachea ko intravenously aka yarda.

Kalmar lantarki - taimakon gaggawa, algorithm

Da zarar an lura da alamun farko na AL, dole ne a taimaki mutum kafin lokacin asibiti. In ba haka ba, harin zai iya haifar da mutuwa.

Ana gudanar da gaggawa na gaggawa don yin kwakwalwa kamar yadda aka tsara a cikin algorithm:

1. Dole ne a sanya wanda aka azabtar a cikin matsakaicin matsayi.
2. Tsaftace fili na numfashi na sama daga kumfa tare da oxygen inhalation.
3. Raunin maganganu don dakatar da antipsychotics.
4. Sake mayar da zuciya.
5. Daidaita daidaitattun zaɓin lantarki da ma'auni-acid.
6. Tare da taimakon analgesics, mayar da karfi hydrostatic a cikin wani karamin da'irar.
7. Ƙara sauti na tasoshin da ƙarar plasma intrathoracic.
8. Taimako na farko don rubutu na huhu yana ƙunshi gabatarwar glycosides na zuciya.

Gwaran harshe - farfadowa

Magunguna masu tsanani sun ci gaba a asibitin. Don magance irin wannan matsala kamar yadda maganin rubutu na huhu zai buƙaci haka:

• Morphine;
• Fentanyl;
• Furosemide ;
• Korglikon;
• Strofantin;
• Eufillin ;
• Aminophylline;
• maganin rigakafi (a cikin yanayin matsalolin kwayoyin cuta).

Harshen harshe - sakamakon

OL zai iya samun sakamako daban-daban. Idan an tanadar kulawar gaggawa a lokaci kuma daidai kuma matakan na gaba ne na kwararru na kwararru, ko da maƙasudin rubutattun harshe zai kasance a manta. Tsarin hypoxia mai tsawo zai iya haifar da matakan da ba za a iya magancewa ba a cikin tsarin kulawa da kuma kwakwalwa. Amma a cikin mummunan lokuta, saurin kwatsam na rubutu mai zurfi yana haifar da mummunan sakamako.

Gwaran harshe - furotin

Yana da muhimmanci a fahimci cewa AL wani matsala ne wanda ba'a iya amfani da shi a lokaci-lokaci. A cewar kididdiga, kimanin kashi 50 cikin 100 na marasa lafiya sun tsira. Amma idan yana yiwuwa a tantance farkon harshe na huhu, sauƙi na karuwa. Rashin hankali, tasowa a kan kullun ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, yana kaiwa mutuwa cikin 90% na lokuta. Da aka gano bayan an kai hari ga marasa lafiya a cikin 'yan watanni dole ne a lura da likitoci.