"Dole ne kasar ta san da jaruntakarsa!" - wannan ma'anar za a iya amfani dashi don neman ƙarin bayani game da "koto", wanda, a ra'ayin mutane mafi yawa, kawai shiga cikin tsarin hadi da haifuwar sabuwar rayuwa. Bayan haka, su, spermatozoa, su ne gwarzo. Rundunar sojan da suke da yawa suna shirye su mutu don cimma manufar daya daga cikin soja - wani taro na maraba da kwanciya ...
Spermatozoon karamin karamin kwayar halitta ne wanda aka kafa a cikin jigilar litattafai na kwayoyin jigilar kwayoyin halitta tare da nauyin 50-60 microns, babban aiki shine gabatar da kayan kwayoyin namiji cikin kwai ta hanyar cin zarafin mata. Tabbatar wannan aikin yana yiwuwa ne kawai saboda ƙayyadaddun tsari, ƙaddarar tsarin kwayar halitta.
Kamar yadda siffin tsarin spermatozoon ya nuna a cikin siffar da ke ƙasa, duk da bambanci daga wasu kwayoyin jikinsu a cikin jiki, tsari na dan Adam na jikin mutum yana da hankula kuma ya hada da sassan kwayoyin halitta kamar wuyansa, wuyansa, jiki da kuma wutsiya (flagellum).
Halin namiji mai saurin kai, daga bisani, ya ƙunshi tsakiya mafi yawan ƙwayar mahaifa tare da saitin chromosomes guda 23, wanda, bayan haɗuwa tare da kwai, kafa zygote, ya zama kwayar diploid tare da mahaifa da mahaifiyar chromosomes bayan kwatanta da sauran kwayoyin.
A karkashin sashin lamarin plasma a gaban kai, yana rufe rabin rabi a cikin nau'i na "motsi", an sanya wani abu mai kwakwalwa na sperm. Yana dauke da enzymes na acrozine, wanda, a lokacin da ya hadu da kwai, zai iya kwashe harsashinsa kuma ya bar sperm ya shiga ba tare da wahala ba. Kuma don haɗuwa da kwai, kawai kai tare da kwayar mahaifa daga na'urar da ke tattare da kwayoyin halitta sun shiga cikinsa, duk sauran kwayoyin jikin namiji sun kasance a waje.
Tsakanin tsakiya na spermatozoon yana wakiltar wuyansa da jikinsa, a baya wanda shine wutsiya - ƙungiyar motsi na maza gamete. Karkace mitochondria na tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsayi na hawan cytoskeleton na flagellum daga microtubules kuma suna da alhakin makamashi da ake bukata don tafiyar da macijinta. Rigun motsi na sperm ya kai kimanin 50 microns da biyu ko har zuwa 1.5 cm a minti daya. Wani irin man fetur ga wannan motsi shine fructose, wanda ke dauke da kwayar halitta.
Nau'in spermatozoa da jima'i na jariri ba a haifa ba
Akwai nau'o'in nau'i guda biyu da suka shafi jima'i na yaro: spermatozoa tare da X-chromosome - gynospermia, lokacin da suka haɗu da kwai, an haifi yarinya, kuma spermatozoa tare da Y-chromosome - androspermia, wanda ke da alhakin haihuwar yaro. An tabbatar da cewa kimiyyar kimiyya ta riga ta riga ta zubar da hankali zai iya yiwuwa ta yanke shawara tare da babban yiwuwar jima'i na jima'i na yaro. Sabili da haka, mafi sauki, amma yana da lokacin raguwa da marospermia a yayin yaduwar kwayar halitta fiye da X-spermatozoa da ke kusa da ovum, wanda zai haifar da hankalin dan yaro. Sabili da haka, ƙaddamar da yarinya za ta kasance mafi sauƙi a cikin lokacin da ya ɓacewa na tsawon lokaci, saboda ƙananan gynospermia ne kawai ba su da tsawon rai.
Matsayin su na balagagge ba su iya kaiwa idan sun ciyar da watanni 2.5 a cikin kwayoyin da rabin wata a cikin appendages.
