Binciken kan rashin lafiyar a cikin yara - fasaha na kimiyya wanda ya ba ka damar gano abu wanda jikin ya yi tasiri. Ƙara fahimtarwa ba wai kawai zai haifar da rashin jin daɗi ba, yana kara yawan rayuwa, amma har ya kai ga mutuwa. Saboda haka, gwajin rashin lafiyar yana da matukar muhimmanci. Yana bada cikakken bayani game da tsarin rigakafin jariri.
Ta yaya zan san abin da rashin lafiyar yake a cikin yaron?
Don tsammanin cewa kwayar jariri ta yi daidai da wasu abubuwa, iyayensu ma kafin a ziyarci likita. Don yin hukunci da rashin cin nasara zai taimaka irin wannan bayyanar cututtuka:
- sneezing ;
- kumburi na hanci mucosa;
- Gudun hanyoyi (asirin sirri da aka ba shi);
- fata rash;
- harshen lebur;
- hawaye a idanu;
- cuta na tsarin narkewa;
- itching;
- kumburi na eyelids;
- bloating.
Duk waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna zama murmushi. Dole ne mu je wurin likitancin nan da nan, wanda, bayan nazarin ɗan jariri, zai ba da mai magana ga mai ciwo. Wannan gwani zai rubuta gwajin gwaje-gwajen da ake bukata. Ya san yadda za a tantance abin da abin da ke damuwa ga yaron , da kuma yadda za a dakatar da irin wannan karfin jiki. Akwai nau'o'in bincike da yawa:
- gwaje-gwaje na jini;
- gwajin fata;
- magungunan ƙwaƙwalwa;
- gwajin tare;
- ƙananan ƙwarewa;
- hanyar ƙira.
Yin gwajin jini don allergens a cikin yara
Irin wannan binciken yana da yawa. Ya fara ne tare da bayarwa na gwajin jini. An ɗauka a cikin komai a ciki. A gaban kasancewar jiki na jiki, sakamakon ya nuna yawan adadin eosinophils (fiye da 5%). Duk da haka, ana iya lura da waɗannan alamu idan yaron yana da cuta na parasitic. Saboda wannan dalili, an yi ƙarin bincike don gano abin da ke dauke da cutar a cikin yara. A cikin wannan binciken, an ƙayyade adadin immunoglobulin.
Wannan samfurin ya dogara ne akan gaskiyar cewa bayan shigar da kwayar cutar cikin jiki, tsarin rigakafi yana haifar da amsa. A sakamakon haka, sunadaran sunadarai na musamman, immunoglobulins, an samar da su sosai. Manufar wadannan jami'ai shine gano abubuwan da ke waje da kuma halakar da su. Idan jiki ya yi hanzari nan da nan, hemostasis na gwajin gwaji zai nuna nuna IgE immunoglobulin. Lokacin da ya faru bayan kwana biyu ko rana, sun gano sunadaran IgG4 a cikin jinin yaro.
Skin allergens
Irin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje ana ganin sun kasance mai sauƙi, hanya mai lafiya da kuma cikakkiyar hanyar gane abubuwan ƙyama. Sha'idodin halin su:
- wanda ake zargi da shi barazana ;
- idan daya daga cikin 'yan uwan yana shan wahalar hakan;
- Allergoproby don ƙwayoyi suna sanya kafin a sanya sabon magani.
Kafin daukar nauyin allergens ga yara, likita zai la'akari da abubuwan masu zuwa:
- shekarun jariri;
- ko akwai dabbobi;
- Shin, ba damuwa da tashin hankali ba kafin farkon wani rashin lafiyan abu?
- sau nawa bayyanar cututtuka da aka bayyana (sune shekara ko yanayi a yanayi);
- inda halin da ake ciki ya tsananta (a ciki ko a waje).
Yaya zazzaran yara zuwa yara?
Dukkan gwaje-gwaje na immunological za a iya raba su a cikin ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa:
- Daidaita - ana amfani da allergen zuwa fatar jiki. Bisa ga sakamakon haka, ƙarshe ya kasance game da abin da ainihin abu ya haifar da irin wannan maganin kwayoyin.
- Rashin ƙaddamar - aiki yayin da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen kai tsaye da kuma gudana mai bayyana alamar cututtuka ba su dace da juna ba.
- Mai kaikaitawa - an yad da yaro a jikin mutum tare da wani mummunan zuciya, sannan kuma daga baya - magani, wanda ya ba da damar bayyana yanayin da ke tattare da kwayar cutar ga wannan kwayar cutar. Ayyukan zasu taimaka wajen gane yadda haɗarin yake faruwa.
Sanin yadda ake yin allergens, da kuma la'akari da shekarun yaro, likita zai tsara binciken mafi kyau. A lokaci guda kuma zai gaya wa iyaye na jariri abubuwan da suka dace da rashin amfani da gwajin. Ana gwada gwajin cututtukan binciken bincike mai zurfi da kuma dacewa. Abinda basu da haɓaka sun haɗa da lalacewa da tsawon lokaci na binciken. Jarabawar jini yana ɗaukan lokaci kadan. Bugu da ƙari, yaron bai kai tsaye a kan abin da ke tattare da shi ba. Rashin haɓaka wannan hanya ita ce babban haɗin.
Allergoproobs - daga wane shekara?
Lokacin da ake yin jarrabawar, likita yana la'akari da yawan shekarun da yaron ya juya. Lokacin yin yanke shawara, waɗannan shawarwari suna jagorantar su:
- Gwaje-gwaje masu ba da fatawa na tarkon - daga shekaru biyar;
- hematost - tun lokacin haihuwa.
Shirye-shiryen yin nazari akan allergens ga yaro
Don irin wannan bincike yana da muhimmanci don kusantar da hankali.
Iyaye suna da muhimmanci a gaba don shirya jaririn don hanya, wanda ya haɗa da:
- Kare yaron kwana 3 kafin gwaji ta hanyar gajiya ta jiki da tunani.
- Sati guda kafin binciken da aka tsara zai dakatar da shan maganin antihistamines .
- Bayanan bincike akan rashin lafiyayyen a cikin yaro har zuwa shekara guda kuma an yi tsofaffi a ciki. Idan an yi gwajin fata, dole ne a ciyar da jaririn a gaban hanya.
Yin gwajin gwaji
Irin wannan gwajin an yi a asibitin, inda za'a iya bayar da taimakon gaggawa gaggawa idan ya cancanta. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen kai tsaye don allergens a cikin yara ana yin kamar haka:
- Ana biyan fata tare da barasa, bayan haka an bar shi ya bushe.
- Yi alama tare da alamaccen hypoallergenic musamman.
- Aiwatar da maganin kula da fata (antihistamine da saline solutions).
- Bisa ga alamomin, alamu suna dripping.
- Tashi fatar jiki ko yin fashewa.
- Bayan minti 20 likita ya kimanta yanayin samfurori kuma ya kammala.
- Ana gudanar da bincike mai maimaita don allergens bayan sa'o'i 24-48.
Idan an yi gwajin jini, an ɗauke jinin daga kwayar. Dauki zuwa 15 ml na ruwa. Hanyar kamar wannan:
- An yi amfani da kayan yawon shakatawa.
- An shafe shafin yanar gizon tare da barasa.
- An samo jini.
- Zuwa shafin yanar gizo na fashewa ana amfani da gashin auduga da aka yi da barasa.
- Rarrabe shi.
- Hannun hannu an kulle a gwiwar don karin minti 5.
Bayani na allergens
Bayan sakamakon hematologic zai kasance a cikin kwanaki 3-7. Ƙaddamar da gwajin jini don allergens a cikin yara ana gudanar da la'akari da shekarun da aka kafa shekarun immunoglobulins:
- daga haihuwa zuwa watanni 3 - 0-2 IU / ml;
- daga 4 zuwa 6 watanni - 3-10 IU / ml;
- daga watanni 6 zuwa shekara - 8-20 IU / ml;
- daga 2 zuwa 4 shekaru - 10-20 IU / ml;
- daga 4 zuwa 6 shekaru - 15-60 IU / ml.
Binciken nazarin don abubuwan da ake samu a cikin yara da ake gudanarwa ta hanyar hanyar kai tsaye an kiyasta kamar haka:
- ƙananan;
- shakka;
- rashin ƙarfi;
- tabbatacce;
- sharply tabbatacce;
- sosai sharply tabbatacce.
Jerin kayan jiki don gwada yara
Duk abubuwa-masu tayar da hankali za a iya rarraba su cikin irin waɗannan kungiyoyi:
- Abincin abinci - Citrus, cin abincin teku, madara, nama da sauransu. Na farko, an yi nazari akan abubuwa daga babban abinci (kimanin 90). Idan sakamakon ya kasance ba kadan ba ne, likita ya bada shawara akan gwaji na hematologic.
- Allergens na asali dabba - fluff, sali, ulu, caitinous cover har ma da pet da abinci.
- Magunguna - yawancin lokaci ana nuna irin wannan maganin a maganin rigakafi da insulin. Duk da haka, dole ne mu tuna cewa duk magunguna na iya haifar da ita. Saboda wannan dalili, gwaje-gwaje masu rashin lafiyar masu yin sihiri suna aikatawa kafin aikin kwalliya.
- Masu safarar asalin shuka - pollen, fluff.
- Ticks, fungi, ƙura - gwaje-gwaje a kan abincin gida a cikin yara ya taimaka wajen gane ƙwarewar kwayar cutar ga kwayoyin. Idan ya cancanta, ana gudanar da gwaji mai tsawo.