A magungunan ƙwayoyi suna amfani da neuroleptics a yadu - jerin sunayen kwayoyi suna da yawa. Ana amfani da magungunan wannan rukuni yayin da kullun motsa jiki na tsakiya. Yawancin su suna da jerin sunayen magunguna, don haka likita ya kamata ya rubuta su kuma ya rubuta sashi.
Neuroleptics - inji aikin
Wannan kundin magunguna ya bayyana kwanan nan. A baya, ana amfani da su, opiates, belladonna ko bleach don magance marasa lafiya tare da psychoses. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙwalwar bromides a cikin intravenously. A cikin karni na hamsin karni na karshe, marasa lafiya da nakasassu sunyi wajabcin maganin antihistamines. Duk da haka, bayan 'yan shekaru, neuroleptics na farko ƙarni sun bayyana. Sunan suna saboda sakamako akan jiki. Daga Girkanci "νορον" an fassara shi ne "neuron" ko "jijiya", da kuma "λῆψις" - "kama".
A cikin sauƙi, yanayin neuroleptic shine sakamakon da kwayoyi na wannan ƙungiyar miyagun ƙwayoyi ke kan jiki. Wadannan magunguna an bambanta su da irin wannan tasirin maganin pharmacological:
- suna da sakamako mai mahimmanci (kwayoyi suna taimakawa wajen rage yawan jiki);
- suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci (magunguna sunyi haƙuri);
- samar da sakamako na antiemetic;
- samun sakamako mai lalacewa;
- samar da sakamako na antihypertensive;
- suna da maganin anti-icicle da antitussive;
- daidaita hali;
- taimakawa wajen ragewa a cikin abubuwa masu cin nama;
- potentsiruyut mataki na giya, narcotic analgesics , tranquilizers da hypnotics.
Ƙayyade na antipsychotics
Jerin kwayoyi a wannan rukuni yana da babba. Akwai daban-daban antipsychotics - rarrabuwa ya haɗa da bambancin kwayoyi a hanyoyi daban-daban. Dukkanin marasa lafiya ne suka rarraba a cikin waɗannan kungiyoyi:
- hali;
- atypical.
Bugu da ƙari, kwayoyin neuroleptic sun bambanta bisa ga magunguna na magani:
- Ƙari;
- stimulating;
- antipsychotic.
Bisa ga tsawon lokacin daukan hotuna, antipsychotics na iya zama:
- da kwayoyi tare da sakamako na gajeren lokaci;
- magunguna masu dogon lokaci.
Magungunan antipsychotics
Ana shirya wannan shiri na wannan magungunan ta hanyar babban kiwon lafiya. Waɗannan su ne antipsychotics. Lokacin da aka kama su, za a fara bayyana alamun sakamakon. Irin wannan maganin antipsychotics (jerin magunguna ne babba) ana iya samun su daga mahadi masu zuwa:
- phenothiazine;
- kaya;
- butyrophenone;
- Indole;
- benzodiazepine;
- diphenylbutylpiperidine.
A wannan yanayin, siffofin sunadarai sun bambanta da tsarin sunadarai a cikin wadannan mahadi:
- yana da magungunan piperazine;
- yana da aliphatic bond;
- tare da tsakiya na pyridine.
Bugu da ƙari, antipsychotics (jerin kwayoyi da aka ba da ke ƙasa) a kan tasiri za a iya bambanta cikin waɗannan kungiyoyi:
- Sojoji masu jin dadi;
- kunna maganin tare da sakamako na antidepressant;
- karfi antipsychotics.
Ƙananan antipsychotics
Waɗannan su ne maganin zamani wanda ke iya yin irin wannan tasiri akan jiki:
- inganta taro da hankali da ƙwaƙwalwa;
- da tasiri mai tasiri;
- samun sakamako na antipsychotic;
- bambancin sakamako ne.
Magunguna masu amfani da kwayar cutar suna da amfani irin wannan:
- motsaran motar suna da wuya;
- rashin yiwuwar rikitarwa;
- Al'amarin prolactin kusan bai canza ba;
- tare da sauƙi irin wannan kwayoyi suna ɓoyewa ta hanyar tsarin damuwa;
- kusan bazai rinjayar metabolism na dopamine;
- sukan kamu da cutar sauƙi;
- za a iya amfani da shi wajen kula da yara.
Neuroleptics - alamomi don amfani
Magunguna na wannan rukuni suna wajabta ga neuroses daban-daban na ilimin halitta. Ana amfani dasu don magance marasa lafiya na kowane zamani, ciki har da yara da tsofaffi. Shaidu na Neuroleptics suna da waɗannan:
- na kullum da m psychosis;
- kwantar da hankali;
- rashin barci na kullum;
- ci gaba da zubar da ciki;
- Ciwon ciwo na Tourette ;
- rikitarwa na somatoform da yanayin yanayi;
- saurin yanayi;
- phobias ;
- hadarin motsa jiki;
- shiri shiri na marasa lafiya;
- hallucinations da sauransu.
Hanyoyi na gefen Neuroleptics
Halin yiwuwar bunkasa wani abin da ba'a so ba ya dogara ne akan waɗannan dalilai:
- da samfurin amfani;
- tsawon lokacin farfadowa;
- shekarun mai haƙuri;
- yanayin lafiyarsa;
- hulɗar da miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka dauka tare da wasu kwayoyi da masu haƙuri ke sha.
Sau da yawa irin wannan tasirin neuroleptics aka bayyana:
- lalacewar tsarin endocrin, yawancin lokaci ne karfin jiki ke amfani da kwayoyi;
- karuwa ko rage yawan ci abinci, da canjin canji;
- matsanancin lalata, wanda aka lura a farkon kwanakin shan magani;
- ƙara yawan ƙwayar tsoka, maganganun lalacewa da sauran bayyanar cutar ciwon neuroleptic, gyaran sakonni yana taimakawa wajen gyara yanayin.
Muhimmin karamin magana shine aikin neuroleptics:
- asarar lokaci na hangen nesa;
- abunormalities a cikin aiki na tsarin narkewa (constipation ko zawo);
- matsala urinating;
- bushe baki ko karfi salivation;
- kwari;
- matsaloli tare da ejaculation.
Yin amfani da neuroleptics
Akwai shirye-shiryen da dama don tsara kayan magani don wannan rukuni. Ana iya amfani da kwayoyin neuroleptic kamar haka:
- Hanyar sauri - an kawo kashi zuwa mafi kyau a cikin kwanaki 1-2, sannan bayan haka an kiyaye duk hanyar kulawa a wannan matakin.
- Ragewa da sauri yana nuna kara karuwa a yawan adadin miyagun ƙwayoyi. Bayan dukan yanayin warkewa, ana kiyaye shi a matakin mafi kyau.
- Hanyar Zigzag - mai haƙuri yana daukan maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi a manyan asasun, sa'an nan kuma rage rage, sannan kuma ya ƙara ƙaruwa. Wannan hanya ita ce hanya ta warkewarta.
- Jiyya tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da jinkirin a 5-6 days.
- Tsarin farfadowa - sau biyu a mako mai karfin magani yana daukar maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi a manyan ƙwayoyi. A sakamakon haka, jikinsa yana cike da kullun zuciya, kuma ƙananan tunani ya daina.
- Hanya madaidaiciya - tsarin da ake amfani da magungunan kwakwalwa na psychotropic.
Kafin yin musayar antipsychotics (jerin kwayoyi ne mai yawa), likita zai gudanar da bincike don sanin idan mai haƙuri yana da contraindications. Daga likita tare da magunguna wannan rukuni za su yi watsi da kowannensu irin waɗannan abubuwa:
- ciki;
- gaban glaucoma;
- pathology a cikin aikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini;
- wani rashin lafiyar zuwa antipsychotics;
- yanayin matsanancin hali;
- nono da sauransu.
Bugu da ƙari, sakamakon neuroleptic da kwayoyi a cikin wannan rukuni ya dogara da abin da aka ɗauka tare da su a lokaci guda. Alal misali, idan irin wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bugu da maganin antidepressants, wannan zai haifar da ƙarawar aiki na duka da na biyu. Tare da irin wannan duet, yawancin hankali ana lura da shi da kuma karfin jini. Duk da haka, akwai wanda ba a ke so (wani lokacin haɗari) haɗuwa:
- Saukan liyafar na neuroleptics da benzodiazepines na iya haifar da ciwo na numfashi.
- Anthistamines a cikin duet tare da antipsychotics kai ga rashin lafiya a cikin CNS.
- Insulin, antionvulsant, antidiabetics da barasa rage tasiri na neuroleptics.
- Mulki na zamani na antipsychotics da tetracyclines yana ƙaruwa da lalacewar hanta ta hanyar toxin.
Har yaushe zan iya daukan antipsychotics?
An tsara tsari da tsawon lokacin magani don likita. A wasu lokuta, likita, bayan da yayi nazari akan farfadowa na farfadowa, zai iya lissafin cewa akwai isasshen da kuma mako 6. Alal misali, saboda haka dauki magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta. Duk da haka, a mafi yawancin lokuta wannan hanya bai isa ba don cimma sakamako mai dindindin, don haka likita ya tsara farfadowa na dogon lokaci. A cikin marasa lafiya, mutum zai iya rayuwa (daga lokaci zuwa lokaci an yi gajeren gajere).
Ana cire antipsychotics
Bayan daina dakatar da yin amfani da magani (ana lura da wannan lokacin lokacin daukar wakilin wani rukuni na musamman), yanayin mai haƙuri zai iya ciwo. Ciwowar karuwar neuroleptic zai fara bayyana kanta nan da nan. An sa shi a cikin makonni 2. Don saukaka yanayin likitancin, likita zai iya juya shi daga magungunan antipsychotics zuwa sasantawa. Bugu da ƙari, likita a irin waɗannan lokuta har yanzu yana rubutun bitamin daga kungiyar B.
Magunguna neuroleptic - jerin
Antipsychotics suna wakilta a cikin wani babban iri-iri. Kwararren yana da damar da za a zabi mafi kyawun neuroleptics ga wani mai haƙuri - jerin magungunan ne a koyaushe. Kafin yin alƙawari, likita ya tantance yanayin mutumin da yake nema shi kuma bayan bayan haka ya yanke shawarar game da abin da magani zai ba shi. Idan babu sakamakon da aka so, mai gwadawa ne mai yiwuwa ne ya sake ba da aikin neuroleptic - jerin sunayen kwayoyi zai taimaka wajen zaɓar "maye gurbin". A lokaci guda kuma, likita za ta rubuta samfurin mafi kyau na sabon magani.
Yawancin antipsychotics
Magunguna masu amfani da kwayoyi suna wakiltar su ne:
- Chlorpromazine;
- Haloperidol;
- Molindon;
- Thioridazine da sauransu.
Masanan sunadaran sababbin sababbin halittu ba tare da sakamako masu illa ba:
- Abilifay;
- Fluphenazine;
- Quetiapine;
- Fluanexol;
- Triftazine;
- Levomepromazine.
Neuroleptics - jerin samfurori ba tare da rubutun kalmomi ba
Akwai wasu maganin irin wannan magani. Duk da haka, kada mutum yayi tunanin cewa magani na da lafiya a gare su: har ma antipsychotics bazasu ba tare da rubutattun sharuɗɗa ba kamata a dauka karkashin kulawar likita. Ya san tsarin aikin wadannan maganin kuma zai bada shawara mafi kyau duka. Magungunan neuroleptic ba tare da rubutun kalmomi ba - jerin samfurori masu samuwa:
- Olanzapine;
- The Serdolect;
- Ariprizol;
- Etperazine;
- Chlorprotixen.
Mafi kyau antipsychotics
Mafi aminci da inganci an dauke su da kwayoyi. Ana ba da umurni mafi yawan sababbin sababbin sababbin sababbin halittu:
- Sertindol;
- Solian;
- Zeldox;
- Lakvel;
- Clozapine;
- Duka;
- Prosulfin;
- Betamayim.
- Limipranil da sauransu.