Watakila, akwai 'yan shuke-shuke a duniya cewa, kamar eustoma, kada kowa ya sha bamban. Yana da wuya a wuce ta hanyar "fure" mai ban mamaki, ba tare da wata ƙaya ba. Kyakkyawar kyau-eustoma, noma wanda zai yiwu kuma a matsayin dakin da lambun gonar, yana samun shahararrun shahararrun kwanakin nan.
Menene eustoma yayi kama?
Lysianthus ko dakin eustoma wani tsirrai ne mai tsayi da tsirrai mai tushe kusan 50-70 cm a tsawo. Ƙananan buds na lisianthus suna iya rikita rikice tare da wardi, kuma a cikin wani wuri mai lakabi sun fi kama furanni. A yanayi, dukkanin nau'o'i uku na wannan shuka sun san, amma daya daga cikin su ana amfani dashi a al'ada: babban eustoma mai fadi. Ya zama tushen dashi iri iri iri da iri iri, yana rufe dukkan launi na launin launuka da bambanta a cikin tsawo na mai tushe da kuma nauyin ƙananan buds.
Daban eustoma
Eustoma - furanni na shekaru masu yawa, amma a cikin yanayin yanayi mai girma yana girma a matsayin shekara-shekara. Nauyin ma'auni, wanda tsawo ya wuce 50 cm, ana girma a al'ada a cikin gidãjen Aljanna da greenhouses don yankan, kuma sun yi tsalle kamar tsire-tsire na cikin gida. Sau biyu eustoma (sau biyu) yana son idanu tare da babban abu (har zuwa 7 cm a diamita) da furanni mai laushi, kuma maras aure (aure) ba tare da aure ba ne kawai.
Low-girma hybrids da iri:
- "Gaskiya";
- "Riddle";
- "Ƙaunar";
- The Little Mermaid;
- "Pink Pink";
- "Florida Blue";
- "Rosie";
- Mirmead;
- "Sapphire shine ruwan hoda";
- "Sapphire ita ce zane mai launi."
Tall hybrids da iri:
- "F1 giya-ja";
- "F1 Cinderella";
- "F1 Mariachi Lime";
- "F1 Giraren farin ciki / rawaya / ruwan hoda / haske m";
- "F1 Flamenco Blue / Lime / Pink";
- "F1 Echo fari / rawaya / Lavender / ruwan hoda / ruwan shanu";
- "F1 ABC Blue";
- «F1 Echo Pink Pikoti».
Eustoma - saukowa
Bisa la'akari da duk shawarwarin da suke da tausayi da musawa mai tsauri, tsire-tsire a yanayin gida yana fama da matsala sosai. Abin takaici, babu wani hanyoyi masu cin ganyayyaki da za su ninka shi ba zaiyi nasara ba - cututtuka bazaiyi tushe ba, kuma yunkurin raba rhizome zai haifar da mutuwar jaririn da mahaifiyarsa. A cikin arsenal daga cikin lambu akwai kawai dasa na eustoma don shuka seedlings. Gaskiya ne, yana da wuya a iya tattara tsaba ba tare da kansa ba - ƙwararrun kyawawan samfurori na eustoma na tsaba ba su samar da su ba.
Eustoma - girma daga tsaba
Akwai ra'ayi cewa lisianthus yana da haɓaka sosai kuma yana yiwuwa don samun samfurori masu dacewa kawai don samari masu farin ciki. Amma tare da kyakkyawan kusanci, kyakkyawan noma zai yi nasara. Bari mu bincika dalla-dalla game da yadda ake girma daga tsaba irin wannan shuka kamar yadda eustoma:
- Zabi tsaba. Don samun kayan shuka na eustoma a sayarwa ba abu mai wuya ba. Tun da tsaba basu da yawa, an sayar da su a cikin nau'in granules - tsaba, an rufe su da kwasfa na musamman. Don ƙwarewar farko na noma, yana da kyau a zabi iri-iri iri-iri na cikin eustoma.
- Muna ajiye duk abin da ake bukata. Don aiwatar da ayyukan saukowa, ƙananan jiragen ruwa waɗanda ke cike da haske, ƙasa mai kyau da ƙasa da ruwa (matsakaici), alal misali, ƙasa mai tsabta don senpolia, za'a buƙaci. Har ila yau wajibi ne a shirya polyethylene ko gilashi don karamin gilashi da fitila mai tsabta don shirya yanayin haske.
- Muna shuka shuka. Daga barin tsaba a cikin ƙasa zuwa flowering na farko butov daukan kimanin watanni shida. Sabili da haka, lokacin da za a shuka shuki eustoma ya karu ne a kan lokutan Sabuwar Shekara - ƙarshen Disamba - farkon Janairu. An dasa shi daga baya fiye da eustoma, ko da yake zai yi girma, ba zai yiwu ya yi farin ciki da furanni ba kafin lokacin sanyi. Tsuntsu yana faruwa a cikin ƙasa - an ajiye granules a kan ƙasa, sannan kuma ya rage humus din daga atomizer.
- Mun tsara wani karamin gine-gine. Wani baƙo daga kasashe masu zafi, wani eustoma na namo yana buƙatar ya dace. Don tsaba don samun nasarar shukawa, suna buƙatar babban matakin zafi, zafin jiki na +20 ... +25 ° C kuma warwatse haske don akalla 14 hours a rana. Don ƙirƙirar waɗannan yanayi, dole ne a rufe akwati da tsaba tare da fim ko gilashi kuma a sanya shi a ƙarƙashin fitila mai haske. Lokaci-lokaci (kowace rana 5-7), za a yi amfani da greenhouse (minti 10-15), kuma, idan ya cancanta, moisten kasar gona, ƙoƙari kada ku cika ƙasa da tsaba.
Eustoma - seedlings
Ƙaramar farko na eustoma mai ƙazantu daga ƙasa a ranar 14 zuwa 15 bayan shuka. A matsakaici, germination na tsaba zai iya ɗauka daga makonni 3 zuwa wata. Bayan haka, za a rage yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki zuwa + 18 ° C. Lokacin da aka kafa ganye guda biyu a kan sprouts, ya kamata a rabu da katako a cikin kwantena. Bisa ga gaskiyar cewa furen ɗakin ajiya na eustoma a wannan lokacin yana da girman ƙananan, wannan aiki zai iya dangana ga kayan ado - don haka a hankali yayi aiki don kada ya lalata tushen.
A cikin shekaru 2 da haihuwa dole ne a sake dasa bishiyoyi sau ɗaya, amma ta hanyar hanyar shinge. A kasan tukunya dole ne a saka wani kwanciyar hankali na malalewa . A wannan lokacin an rigaya ya yiwu a sake watsar da dukkanin gine-ginen da gurasar da aka gina - da tukwane tare da seedlings za'a iya sanya su a kan wani sill mai haske. Ya yi fushi don haka eustoma da ƙarshen watan Mayu zai kasance cikakke shirye don dashi a cikin ƙasa.
Yadda za a kula da eustoma?
Baƙi daga zafi mai tsananin zafi na Mexico eustoma noma da kulawa yana bukatar m. Da farko, masu mallaka sun kasance suna kula da tsarin shan ruwan inabi na musamman, don haka tsirewar ba ta shan wahala ta rashin rashin ruwa, amma ba ya zama mai ciwo ko cututtuka. Abu na biyu, asalin eustoma basu yarda da damuwa ba, don haka tsire-tsire mai girma ba za a iya canzawa ba a cikin matsanancin yanayi kuma tare da kiyaye duk kariya.
Tsarin Eustoma
Don sake barin seedlings a cikin gonar furen, za ku iya ci gaba lokacin da tsirrai ya kafa cikakken lakabi na ganye 6-8. Zai fi kyau a zabi rana marar hadari don wannan ko yin shi da maraice. Dole ne a shirya rami don kowane daji domin a dasa bishiyoyi ba zurfi fiye da girma a tukunya ba. A karo na farko, kulawa ta eustoma ya kamata ya yi hankali: don kare laki da kuma kare kullun dare, kowane katako ya kamata a rufe shi da kwalban filastik. A cikin makonni 2-3 bayan dasawa za'a iya cire wannan greenhouse.
Da farko don eustoma
Yanayin da ake girma a cikin eustoma yana nuna iyakar iyakancewa ga yanayin yanayin wuraren da aka yi wa wannan shuka. Ƙasa don ci gaba da ci gaba da tushen tsarin ya kamata a bari cikin iska da ruwa, zama mai arziki a cikin abubuwan gina jiki. Gilashin dasa zai iya cika da gonar gona wanda aka hade da yashi, peat ko humus. Gwaninta na masu binciken dabbobi na gida sun nuna cewa eustoma, wanda aka shuka shi a kan chernozem, ya fara girma da farin ciki da kyakkyawan fure. Kuma ƙasa mai yumɓu mai yalwa ya haifar da raguwa a ci gaba da kuma yiwuwar cutar.
Eustoma shuka - siffofin watering
Lysianthus-eustoma na horarwa ne a yanayin gida kawai lokacin da aka samar da ma'auni mai laushi. Don kula da shi, zaka iya buƙatar shigar da humidifier iska. Dukansu a cikin ɗakin da a gonar, ana yin shayarwa ne kawai bayan da ya bushe saman Layer na ƙasa, tabbatar da cewa ƙasar tana da tsabta, amma ba rigar ba. Sanya wannan shuka yana da karfi sosai, dole ne a yi amfani da ruwa a karkashin tushen, ta hanyar amfani da dumi, ruwan da yake tsaye don wannan.
Yadda za a ciyar da seedlings na eustoma?
Tsarin girma da girma na seedlings da kuma ƙaruwa da juriya cutar yana yiwuwa a lokacin da aka gudanar ciyar da eustoma. Don aiwatarwa, zaka iya amfani da taki "Kemira luxury", shirye-shirye "Zircon" da HB-101. Wannan zai taimaka wa seedlings gina tushen tsarin da girma karfi. Ba zai zama mawuyacin sake maimaita hanya da 10-14 days bayan dasa shuki seedlings zuwa wuri na dindindin. A lokacin flowering, an bada shawarar cewa a ci gaba da buzari eustoma sau ɗaya kowace mako shida tare da taki don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Cututtuka na eustoma
Kamar sauran masoya na yanayi mai saurin, eustoma yana iya samun cututtuka daban-daban. Wata mummunan hatsari na shuka shuka zai iya haifar da lalacewa ta hanyar launin toka ko foda . Kwayar shuka sau da yawa yakan ɓace a tushen saboda sakamakon ciwon baki. A cikin yanayin eustoma - furanni na shekaru masu yawa, amma a yanayin gida, dampness da cututtuka masu alaka sun kai ga mutuwarsa a farkon shekara ta rayuwa. Yin kwaskwarima ta yau da kullum tare da masu fashewa zai taimaka tare da matsalar: "Aktellik", "Confidor", "Fitoverm".