Cutar cutar Lyme yana daya daga cikin cututtuka masu kamuwa da cuta masu yawan gaske wanda aka kai ta hanyar ticks. Wasu lokuta na kamuwa da cuta suna rubuce-rubuce akai-akai a ƙasashe da dama na Asiya da na Turai, ciki har da namu, da kuma yawan rashin lafiya da rashin lafiya da cutar ta haifar da ƙananan.
Menene cutar cutar Lyme a cikin mutane?
Abubuwa masu mahimmanci, wanda zai iya haifar da maciji guda - borreliosis. Har ila yau ana kiransa cutar Lyme, da aka fara rajista kuma an bayyana shi fiye da shekaru 40 da suka shude a Amurka a birnin Laim. Daga nan kuma an gano marasa lafiya da yawa da "cututtuka na yara", kuma bayan bayanan binciken da masana kimiyya suka kafa dangane da cutar tare da cizo.
Sakamakon maganin cututtuka shine cututtuka na asibiti mai mahimmanci wanda ke dauke da cututtuka, wanda yawanci daga cikinsu an ware su kamar cututtuka masu zaman kansu, kuma an nuna yawancin alamun cututtuka na rashin ilimin halitta. Idan kamuwa da cutar, fatar jiki ya shafi, tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta, tsarin kulawa na tsakiya, tsarin kwakwalwa.
Cutar cutar Lyme ita ce wakili
Sakamakon maganin cututtuka (cutar Lyme) ya haifar da kwayoyin halitta wanda ya danganci jigilar Borrelia (umurnin spirochetes). Wadannan sune tsayi, kwayoyin kwayoyin jini na nau'i na ruwa, kamar yadda aka fara, kamar yadda yake a cikin kwayoyin halittu ixodic, a cikin hanji wanda aka haifar da waɗannan pathogens. Har ila yau, an gano pathogens a cikin takalma na shanu, bishiyoyi, tsuntsaye, karnuka da wasu dabbobi.
Ticks - babban tafki na kamuwa da cuta, daga gare su a yawancin lokuta, mutane sun kamu da cutar. Bacteria tare da feces da zazzafar da aka fitar ta hanyar tikitin ya fito, borreliosis zai iya ci gaba har ma a lokacin da ciwon kwari ya kamu da ita, kuma idan abinda ke ciki na hanji ya sami tarar microtrauma wanda zai iya shawo kan cutar. Ya kamata a lura cewa yiwuwar cutar ya danganta da adadin kwayoyin da suka shiga.
Zaka iya "karba" kaska a cikin gandun daji, wuraren shakatawa, makiyaya, da dai sauransu. Wadannan kwari masu jini suna jiran "wanda aka azabtar", yana jingina wani ganye na tsire-tsire, wani shrub, a wani tsawo ba fiye da 1.5 m daga ƙasa ba. Sau da yawa sukan fada cikin gida tare da dabbobi, suna jingina gashin kansu. Hakan ya faru daga Mayu zuwa Satumba, lokacin da wadannan kwari suna da matakan aiki.
Cutar cutar Lyme - mataki
Cutar cutar Lyme (borreliosis) tare da ci gaba ta al'ada ta hanyar matakai uku:
- Sashe na I - cututtuka na jini-inflammatory da rashin lafiyar jiki, lokacin da kwayoyin cutar bayan kwari ta shiga shiga fata;
- Stage II - watsawa (bayan makonni masu yawa, watannin) - yaduwar kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar jini kuma ta hanyar lymph daga shafin gabatarwar zuwa gabobin ciki daban-daban, jigilar lymph, joints;
- TAMBAYOYI NA - tabbatarwa (a cikin watanni 12 zuwa bayan watanni biyu bayan karshen mataki na biyu) - tare da ciwo mai tsawo a jiki, kwakwalwar kwakwalwa ta shiga cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, za a iya lura da kututtuka na daya daga cikin gabobin.
Borrosiosis cututtukan cututtuka
Lokacin shiryawa na kamuwa da cuta shine sau 7-10, wani lokaci kadan ko fiye (har zuwa kwanaki 30). Lokacin da cutar Lyme ta tasowa, bayyanar cututtuka a mataki na farko ba wai kullun mutum ba ne kuma an tilasta masa ya nemi likita, mutane da yawa suna daukar su don bayyanar sanyi, mura. Bugu da ƙari, ba dukan marasa lafiya suna tunawa da alamar magance matsalar ba, wasu lokuta ba a gane shi ba.
Cutar cututtuka na borreliosis bayan cizo
Wannan alama ce mai haske mafi girma, wanda cutar Lyme ta biyo bayan ciwon daji a yanayin shari'ar (e cikin kashi 70%) shine bayyanar a kan sashin launi na zagaye na kogi ko sashe mai zurfi, da hankali da fadadawa da kuma shimfiɗa kansa ga suturar da ba a tsabtace shi ba tare da launi mai haske. Girman wuri na jan zai iya bambanta daga 3 zuwa 60 cm, wanda ba ya dogara ne akan mummunan cutar. Cibiyar erythema tana karami, dan kadan ko rashin haske. A cikin wuri mai tsabta, ƙananan ciwon daji, ƙwaƙwalwa, asarar ƙwarewar fata zai iya ji.
Sauran alamu na borreliosis a farkon matakai sun hada da:
- Ƙimar jiki mai tsanani (har zuwa 39-40 ° C);
- rashin ƙarfi;
- gajiya;
- stiffness daga wuyan wuyansa;
- Nausea;
- vomiting;
- Tsananta a cikin makogwaro;
- kadan rhinitis;
- ciwon kai;
- kumburi da ido mucosa;
- wani rash a fuska;
- ciwon hanta.
A wasu lokuta, waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka sun kasance ba tare da bayyanar redness a kusa da shafin yanar gizo ba. Bayan 'yan makonni, waɗannan bayyanuwar sun raunana ko kuma sun ɓace, ko da kuwa ba a bi da cutar ba. Wasu lokuta wajibi ne a warkar da waraka. In ba haka ba, ilimin lissafi na ci gaba, ya wuce zuwa wani lokaci na yau da kullum ko cikin wani nau'i na kowa wanda ya shafi wasu kwayoyin ko tsarin. Ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka sun dogara ne akan wurin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta:
1. Idan aka kayar da tsarin musculoskeletal:
- ciwo a cikin mahaɗin sassa daban-daban na jiki;
- canza canji;
- ƙuntatawa ƙungiyoyi a cikin gidajen.
2. Idan akwai lalacewa na zuciya:
- ƙãra yawan zuciya;
- rashin ƙarfi na numfashi lokacin motsa jiki da kuma sauran hutawa;
- damun damuwa a zuciya .
3. A lokacin da aka shafi tsarin kulawa na tsakiya:
- Saukakawa na ƙungiyoyi masu sulhu;
- ƙãra girma ko rashin tausayi;
- ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, ƙaddamarwa da hankali
- tashin hankali;
- inna na fatar jiki ;
- shan kashi na mai amfani, auditive, jijiya mai jijiya.
4. Lokacin da kwakwalwa ya lalace:
- throbbing ciwon kai ;
- dizziness;
- Nausea;
- vomiting;
- hotunan hoto;
- lalacewar ji, da dai sauransu.
Bugu da ƙari, ƙaddamar da cututtuka na asibiti na Lyme na iya haɗa da samuwa na lymphocytoma fata - ƙira guda ɗaya ko gurzawa ko rarraba alamomi. Sau da yawa waɗannan tsarin, dan kadan mai raɗaɗi kuma suna da launi mai launi mai haske, ana kallon su a kunne kunne, loppes, da kuma isolas na mammary gland, fuskar, al'amuran.
Cutar cutar Lyme - ganewar asali
Ƙaramin alamomi, alamar cutar wanda ya bambanta a polymorphism, ba a sauƙin ganewa ba, musamman ma a wasu lokuta. Masana ilimin asibiti mai dogara ne kawai za'a iya samuwa ne kawai a cikin yanayin da aka bayyana a fili bayan ƙwaƙwalwar cizo, wanda shine babban alamar cutar. To, babu buƙatar binciken bincike.
Don sanin idan burbushin bitten yana da ciwo, bayan cire daga fata za'a iya kaiwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don binciken. Don yin wannan, an sanya kwari a cikin gilashin gilashi a ƙarƙashin murfin, inda dole ne ka fara saka gashin auduga a cikin ruwa. Yana da mahimmancin yin wannan, idan ba a wuce kwana ɗaya ba lokacin da aka cire tikitin, kwari yana da rai da kuma cikakke.
Analysis for borreliosis
Kwayar cutar Lyme a karo na biyu da na uku za a iya bincikar shi ta hanyar nazari na musamman game da jini mai cin nama, wanda wasu adadin sun hada da kamuwa da cuta. A mataki na farko, yana da wuya a gano kwayoyin a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Za a iya gwada gwajin jini don borreliosis bisa ga hanyoyin da suka biyo baya:
- Hadin maganin polymerase - ganowa na gutsuttsarin DNA ko RNA na pathogen;
- immunoassay enzyme - ganowa da kwayoyin cutar IgM da IgG;
- yawancin zafin jiki - bincike-bincike na serological tare da kulawa da kayan abu tare da magunguna.
Tick-hade borreliosis - magani
Idan an gano ciwon maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin maganin rigakafin maganin rigakafin maganin rigakafin maganin rigakafi. Magunguna masu fama da cututtuka masu tsanani suna da asibiti, kuma saboda rashin lafiya, ana yin magani a kan wani asibiti. Drug far, ba tare da kawar da kamuwa da cuta ba, dole ne la'akari da bayyanuwar asibiti, dangane da abin da za'a iya tsara wa] annan magungunan:
- da kwayoyi marasa amfani da cututtukan steroidal (indomethacin, naproxen);
- analgesics (Baralgin, Maxigana);
- glucocorticosteroids (Prednisolone);
- magungunan zuciya na zuciya (Cavinton, Trental);
- antihistamines (Claritin, Suprastin);
- antioxidants (Solcoseryl, Actovegin);
- yana nufin inganta ingantaccen neuromuscular (Prozerin, Oksazil);
- diuretics (Furosemide);
- kayayyakin detoxification (Atoxil, Albumin), da dai sauransu.
An kuma bada shawarar:
- mai yawan sha.
- Hanyar ilimin lissafi (phonophoresis, UV sakawa a iska, magnetotherapy);
- Rashin lafiya;
- tausa;
- Gymnastics.
Borreliosis - maganin maganin rigakafi
Yadda za a bi da cututtukan Lyme tare da maganin rigakafin maganin rigakafi, bisa ga abin da shirin ya ɗauka, a wane nau'i, na tsawon tsawon lokacin da cutar ta kamu da ita da kuma alamun bayyanar. Sau da yawa, magani na Lyme yana buƙatar tsawon makonni 2-4, kuma ana iya tsara wa annan kwayoyi:
- Tetracycline, Maɗaukaki, Doxycycline, Azithromycin - a matakin na I da cutar tare da bayyanar fata;
- Doxycycline, Ceftriaxone, Benzylpenicillin, Levomycetin - tare da maganin neurologic;
- Ceftriaxone, Penicillin G, Doxycycline, Muniya - tare da cututtukan zuciya da haɗin gwiwa.
Cutar Lyme - sakamakon
Idan babu magani mai kyau, dacewar borreliosis zai iya zama kamar haka:
- gyare-gyaren haɗin gwiwa na degenerative;
- rashin lafiya;
- rikice-rikice na myocardium;
- asarar ji, gani;
- ciwace-ciwacen daji a shafin yanar gizo na ciji;
- dementia, da dai sauransu.
Yin rigakafin borreliosis
A yau, cutar Lyme ba za a iya hana shi ta hanyar alurar riga kafi ba. Saboda haka, yin rigakafi na cutar Lyme an yi shi a rage yiwuwar samun kasba a jiki, wadda aka tabbatar da ita ta hanyar:
- saka tufafi masu haske wanda ke rufe jiki kamar yadda ya yiwu, lokacin shigar da yanayin;
- ta yin amfani da saɓo mai lalacewa;
- dubawa na zamani na tufafi da jiki don kasancewar ticks.
Borreliosis - ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta
Wannan cututtukan kwayoyin halitta ba su ci gaba ba bayan cizo, ya kamata:
- A hankali cire kaska , sa mai guba tare da maganin iodine;
- Bincika shawara na likita;
- A cewar likitan likita, ba bayan ranar biyar bayan ciji ba, dole ne a gudanar da prophylaxis na gaggawa gaggawa (sau da yawa ta hanyar Doxycycline ko Ceftriaxone).
Yadda zaka cire alamar daidai, zaka iya ganin bidiyo: