Ciwon daji na endometrial shine ciwon cututtuka na tsarin haihuwa. Pathology yana da asali na asali, saboda haka yana da wuya a bincikarsa a farkon matakai. Bari mu duba dalla-dalla kan ciwon daji na endometrium: alamu da alamomi, haddasawa, siffofin, mahimmancin maganin farfadowa.
Ciwon daji na Endometrial - abubuwan haɗari
A cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon daji na endometrial, yawancin shekaru ya wuce shekaru 45-50. Sakamakon mahimmanci don sauyawa tsarin cikin sassan layi na mai ciki shine hanyoyin da aka hade da menopause. Harshen tsarin haihuwa bai wuce ba tare da wata alama ga jiki ba. Daga cikin wasu matsalolin haɗari, likitoci sun gane irin waɗannan yanayi kamar haka:
- cuta na tsarin endocrine, tsarin tafiyar da jiki na rayuwa - ciwon sukari, kiba;
- hauhawar jini na waje;
- Harkokin haɗari na hormone na tsarin haihuwa - hyperestrogenism;
- Magunguna na ciwon daji na hormone - Brenner ta ci gaba da ciwon daji a kowane hali na biyar;
- Ciwo na Stein-Levental - hade da ciwon daji na endometrial a cikin kashi 30 cikin dari;
- jigilar kwayoyin halitta;
- asarar nauyi - kasancewar dangin dangi na tumo-like pathologies;
- marigayi na farko na jima'i, rashi;
- babu ciki da haihuwa a cikin magunguna;
- marigayi manoma (bayan shekaru 55);
- sashi na maganin hormone (amfani da Tamoxifen).
Labaran endometrial - rarrabuwa
Bisa ga tarihin tarihin tarihin tarihin duniya, ciwon daji na endometrial na mahaifa ya raba zuwa wadannan siffofin siffofi:
- adenocarcinoma;
- bayyana cell adenocarcinoma;
- ƙarancin cell cellular;
- ciwon glandular;
- mucinous;
- ciwon daji;
- glandular-squamous;
- ciwon daji ba tare da bambanci ba.
Share cell endometrial adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma ya ɓace sau da yawa fiye da sauran siffofin pathology. Domin irin wannan ciwon daji yana nuna cewa kasancewa a cikin wuraren da ya shafi yankakken manyan kwayoyin halittar polyhedral epithelial. Ana iya lura da cewa akwai kwayar halitta ta jiki da ke faruwa tare da abubuwa na adenocarcinomas mai haske-cell. Wasu kwararru sun nuna nau'ikan pathologies da jinsin jigon fuska zuwa wannan rukuni. Wadannan abubuwa a waje suna kama da ƙusa takalma da hat.
Endanetrial carcinoma na gland shine
Labaran glandular ciwon endometrium wani abu ne wanda akasarin kwayoyin glandular suke shiga cikin tsari. A aikace, adenocarcinoma glandular yana tasiri ga kogin mahaifa da kuma canji na mahaifa. Irin wannan ciwon daji yana da kimanin kashi 70% na dukkanin hanyoyin maganin halittu, an gano shi a mafi yawan lokuta a cikin tsofaffin mata, amma ana samuwa a cikin matasa.
Mamancin kwayar halitta mai ƙarancin endometrium
Mamancin kwayar halitta mai sutsi na mahaifa yana nufin m neoplasms. Gubar da ciwon sukari daga sel ne na epithelium mai ɗorewa, wanda ya samo digiri daban daban na atypia. Tare da ci gaba da ilimin lissafi a cikin ƙananan matakai, kwayoyin sun canza zuwa yankin na kogin mahaifa. A irin waɗannan lokuta, an gano ilimin ilimin halittu a yayin bincike na gynecology. Saboda rashin hotunan hoto, ba a samuwa a farkon matakan ba. Mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka na pathology sun hada da:
- jin zafi;
- dysfunction na mafitsara da rectum;
- tabo da leucorrhoea.
Kwayar ƙarancin ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe mai ƙananan ƙarewa na endometrium
Magunin ƙwayar baƙin ƙarfe wanda yake dauke da baƙin ƙarfe na nama na nama shine wani nau'i nau'i na ilimin halitta. Sakamakon siffar shi shine kasancewar ƙari wanda yana da tsarin dimorphic. Ƙananan kayan aikin glandular sun kasance a cikin irin wannan tsari. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta fi girma akan glandular. Wannan nau'i na ciwon daji na endometrial yana lissafa kashi 4 cikin dari na duk lokuta na pathology. Yana da yawanci a cikin matan da suka fi shekaru 55, a cikin lokuta masu sauƙi na faruwa a cikin matasa.
Idan aka kwatanta da sauran adenocarcinomas, ƙwayar carcinoma cellular glandular yana da ƙananan bambanci. Saboda wadannan siffofi na al'ada, ƙwararriyar sau da yawa tana samun hanyar da ta dace. Macroscopically, ba tare da amfani da kayan da karuwa mai girma ba, wannan nau'i ba ya bambanta da wasu adenocarcinomas. Hanya na kama da polypoid ko ciwon ulla. Tabbatar da nau'i na farfadowa ana gudanar da shi a mataki na microscopic, la'akari da nauyin bambancin mutum wanda aka gyara.
Sashin ciwon daji na endometrial
Ciwon daji na ciwo yana da babban ƙungiyar epithelial neoplasms. An samo cututtuka daga canzawa ko degenerated Kwayoyin epithelial nama. A wannan yanayin, sau da yawa wuya a kafa asalin irin wannan. Wannan nau'i yana da alamar haɗuwa mai gudana, kuma an samo shi lokacin da aka bincika mace ba tare da an duba shi ba saboda tsarin zagaye, tsarin haihuwa. Alamun ciwon daji na endometrial da wannan nau'i yana da wuyar ganewa ga mace kanta.
Mucinous Cancer
Wannan nau'i na ilimin halayyar ilimin halayyar ilimin halayyar ilimin halitta yana haifar da cigaba da kwayoyin halitta wanda ke dauke da mucin intra-cytoplasmic ciki. Wannan nau'i na asibiti yana da kashi 10% na dukkanin kwayoyin halitta na jikin mahaifa. Sakamakon bambanci na neoplasm shine babban bambancin abubuwa masu tasowa, wanda aka tabbatar da samfurin tarin kwayoyin halitta da kuma karamin zane-zane na samfurin nama. Mafi yawan ciwon daji ne mai kulawa da ita shine likitoci sunyi amfani da su a matsayin gestagens.
Ciwon daji na Endometrial na mahaifa - bayyanar cututtuka da alamu
Lokacin da ciwon daji na endometrial ya taso, alamun bayyanar cututtuka na faruwa bayan lokaci mai tsawo. Yawancin marasa lafiya ba su yin kuka a lokacin kwanakin neoplasm. Wannan ya bayyana magungunan cutar da bala'i mai yawa na cutar a yayin bincike na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin tsarin haihuwa. Babban alama wanda ya nuna ciwon daji shine yaduwar jini.
Wadannan rushewa ba su da alaka da lokaci-lokaci. Sun kasance marasa lafiya, sau da yawa tare da ƙaramin ƙananan cuta, wanda ke yaudare marasa lafiya. Mata kansu suna daukar nauyin bayyanar cututtuka na wata wata kuma suna tuntubi likita kawai bayan sake maimaitawa. Gudanar da ganewar asali yana taimakawa wajen tabbatar da dalilin da ya sa mutum ya mutu - ciwon daji na endometrium na uterine.
Yayinda alamun ya ci gaba, alamar bayyanar ta girma. Daga cikin wasu alamun irin wannan cuta a matsayin ciwon daji na endometrial, dole ne a rarrabe:
- Harshen launin fata shi ne fitarwa ta jiki daga jikin jini. Yana faruwa a lokacin da ciwon sukari ke tsiro. Haɗuwa a cikin ɓarjin mahaifa na irin wannan ɓoye, yana haifar da sanadin jin dadi a cikin ƙananan ciki, harafin hali.
- Sugar hanzari daga farji. Rashin ƙaddamar da yaduwar leucorrhea zai iya haifar da kamuwa da cuta, ya haifar da samuwa na pyometers - haɓaka da turawa a cikin ɗakin kifin. Mace a lokaci guda yana tabbatar da bayyanar zafi na yanayin fashewa, karuwa a jikin jiki, rashin ci gaba a cikin zaman lafiya.
- Ciwo na ciwo - yana bayyana a yayin da tsarin ilimin lissafi ya yada, canjin canji ya canza a cikin kogin pelvic. Tare da saurin ci gaba da ciwon ƙwayar cuta, akwai matsa lamba ga mai tsabta, akwai ciwo a cikin yankin lumbar.
- Rashin ƙaddamar da tsarin urination da kashi. Girman girman ƙwayar farko shine ya haifar da bayyanar ƙarin bayyanar cututtuka (ciwo da urination, raunuka, tenesmus - ƙarya, mai raɗaɗi daɗi don cin nasara).
- Rage yin haɗari na tsawon lokaci - ƙarami, ragewa, ƙara girman jini. Sau da yawa hade da canjin hormonal a cikin jiki mai haƙuri.
Ciwon daji na endometrial - matakai
Dangane da bayyanarwar asibitoci da harkar rashin lafiya, wadannan ƙananan ciwon daji na endometrial daga cikin mahaifa sun bambanta, bisa ga ƙayyadaddun Ƙungiyar Ƙasashen Duniya na Ƙananan Ƙwararrun Kwayoyi da Masanan Halitta (FIGO):
1. Zauren zane (0) - akwai ƙananan gurguntaccen endometrial hyperplasia, wanda shine matakin farko na ilimin ilmin halitta.
2. Mataki na farko - ƙwayar ba ta wuce jikin jikin mahaifa (IA-C) ba. An karɓa don rarrabe:
- Hanya na NGO - ƙwayar baya ci gaba da ciki, an ƙayyade shi ne ta hanyar layi na epithelium;
- Hanya na OLAS - Layer na muscular yana da hannu a tsarin tsari, kuma ba ya kai ga tsakiyarta;
- HASKIYA NA - carcinoma ya haɗu da rabin murfin muscular kuma zurfi, amma ba ya kai serosa.
2. Mataki na biyu ya kasu zuwa:
- {Asashen} asa - kawai gland yana da hannu;
- Takaddama na kasa - stroma ya shafi.
3. Mataki na uku - ciwon daji na endometrium ya bar iyakar gabar, amma ba ya wuce ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayar. Dangane da siffofin asibiti, wannan mataki ya kasu zuwa:
- {Asashen} asashen Amirka - Carcinoma na haifar da serous membrane ko rinjayar appendages;
- ІІІС - yana bayyana da bayyanar metastases a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph.
4. Mataki na hudu:
- da ciwon sukari ya fita a cikin mafitsara ko madauri - IVA.
- bayyanar masiyoyin ganyayyaki a waje da ƙananan ƙananan basira - IVB.
Ciwon daji na Endometrial - ganewar asali
Alamun yau da kullum na ciwon daji na endometrial daga cikin mahaifa suna nuna alamar nazarin mai haƙuri. Don manufar wannan:
- na duban dan tayi na kwayoyin pelvic;
- hysterocervicoscopy - tsaftacewa na pelvic da kyallen takalmin jijiyoyin jiki don kara kararraki;
- echography na ɓangaren gaji na ciki;
- Taswirar ;
- cystoscopy.
Endometrial ciwon daji a kan duban dan tayi
Ciwon daji na Endometrial a kan duban dan tayi, alamunta da aka bayyana a sama, ana iya bincikar su ta hanyar echography ta hanyar transvaginal. A cikin wannan binciken, likita ya gano siffar tayarwa ko wanda bai dace ba. Ƙananan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta sun ƙãra ƙararraki da tsari mai kama da juna. A wannan yanayin, ƙwararrun ciwon ƙwayar yana da yawa sau da yawa (tare da gyare-gyare, gefuna yana canji). Ƙara yawan halayyar kamuwa da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana haifar da sakamako mai mahimmanci, wanda ke inganta siginar ƙararrawa. Don haka likitoci sun gano cutar ciwon endometrial daga cikin mahaifa, kuma alamun bincike sun tabbatar da bayyanar cututtuka.
Ciwon daji na endometrial - oncomarkers
Onkomarkery - abubuwa masu ilimin halitta, sun hada su a cikin kwayar cutar ciwon daji. Sun kunshi kwayoyin sunadarin sunadarin da aka sanya lipid da carbohydrate. Ana nuna alamomi dangane da lokaci na tsari na ilimin lissafi, yanayin da ke cikin ƙwayar cuta. Hakanan sun shiga cikin jini, inda aka gano su tare da taimakon binciken kimiyya. Don gano asibiti na ciwon daji na microinvasive, an sanya marasa lafiya zuwa alamun alaƙa na gaba:
- antigen cell cell antigen (SCCA);
- CA 125;
- antigen-embryonic antigen (CEA);
- ciwon daji CA 27-29.
Ciwon daji na Endometrial - magani
Bayan koyi game da mummunan ganewar asali, tambaya ta farko game da marasa lafiya: ciwon daji ne ko a'a. Doctors magana game da yiwu maida. Sakamakon nasara ya dogara ne akan nau'in cututtuka, rashin lafiya da cutar, mataki. Ana amfani da wadannan hanyoyin shan magani:
- Hanyar hanya;
- radiation far ;
- chemotherapy ;
- hormonotherapy.
Hanya na hanyar magani yana dogara da dalilai da yawa. Lokacin da zaɓin hanyar maganin warkewa, ana bin waɗannan abubuwa zuwa asusu:
- mataki na cutar;
- ƙananan girman;
- tsarin tarihi;
- mataki na bambancin;
- zurfin germination;
- yaduwa da ciwon daji fiye da kwayar cutar.
Daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi, ana amfani dashi da yawa fiye da sauran. Ya rage sauyawa na ciwon daji na endometrial. A lokacin aikin, likitoci ba kawai cire kayan da ke cutar ba daga jikin, amma kuma duba wadanda ke kusa. Harkokin miki ya haɗa da:
- gyare-gyaren ɓangaren ciki;
- gudanar da biopsy na lymph nodes;
- binciken nazarin halittu na samfurin nama.
Bisa ga sakamakon da aka samu a lokacin dubawa, an yanke shawarar akan yadda ake aiki:
- cirewa daga cikin mahaifa (kammalawar motsi) tare da appendages;
- raƙan daji na ƙwayar mahaifa tare da appendages da lymphadenectomy - cire daga cikin mahaifa tare da ƙananan hanyoyi na lymph.
Ciwon daji na Endometrial - bayanin asali
Tabbatar da lokacin da la'akari da sakamakon cutar shine:
- mataki na pathology;
- shekaru;
- zurfin canjin canji;
- mataki na bambancin;
- girman tumo.
Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka ƙayyade shi ne ƙaddamar da ciwon daji na endometrial, wanda aka gano a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph. An tabbatar da cewa an gano cewa, tun lokacin da aka gano asibiti na ciwon endometrial na farko, kashi 82 cikin dari na marasa lafiya suna rayuwa shekaru biyar ko fiye. A lokacin da aka gano cutar a mataki na biyu, da kuma tsarin kula da lafiya, 65% na dukkan marasa lafiya sun rayu fiye da shekaru biyar. A cikin kashi 25 cikin dari na cututtuka, ci gaba da cutar tare da rashin ganewar rashin ganewa.