Broccoli - girma da tsawa a cikin ƙasa, ka'idoji masu sauki don girbi mai kyau

Kuna iya dasa kayan lambu mai yawa a cikin lambunku. Abincin da mai dadi shi ne broccoli, noma da kulawa a cikin ƙasa wanda wasu ka'idojin fasaha suka biyo baya. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na dasa shuki tare da nuances, wanda yake da muhimmanci muyi la'akari, don haka sprouts ya fara.

Shuka kabeji broccoli a cikin ƙasa bude

Don amfanin gonar cin nasara, an bada shawarar da zaɓen wurin saukowa daidai. Lura cewa wasu nau'o'in kabeji da beets bazai girma akan shafin ba kafin. Ya kamata a dasa shuki a cikin yankin da aka haskaka, saboda wannan al'adun kayan lambu bai buƙatar shading artificial. Gwara mata ta karu da zafi, saboda haka siffar misali ga iska tana da kashi 85%, kuma ga ƙasa - 75%. Babban mahimmanci shine adadin iska.

Shuka broccoli a cikin ƙasa bude - tsaba

Yarda da dasa kayan abu don a tara shi kadai ko za'a iya saya a kantin sayar da. Tsaba shuka don barin manyan samfurori. Akwai wasu makirci, yadda za a dasa broccoli a ƙasa mai bude tare da tsaba:

  1. Muhimmanci shine shiri na farko na dasa kayan, don haka ku fara sa minti 15-20. a cikin ruwan zafi (zazzabi 50 ° C), sa'an nan kuma, rage shi a minti daya cikin wani sanyi.
  2. Don wankewa da saturates da tsaba tare da abubuwa masu amfani, ya zama dole don rage su na tsawon sa'o'i 6-12 zuwa wani bayani wanda, don lita 1 na ruwa, kai 0.3-0.5 g na acid acid da 1 g na potassium permanganate. Har ila yau yana da amfani a riƙe da tsaba a cikin bayani na ash don awa 5-6. Don shirya shi a lita 1 na ruwa, kara 1 tbsp. cokali na itace ash kuma nace kafin amfani da kwanaki biyu.
  3. Bayan duk hanyoyi, ku wanke tsaba ku bar su har tsawon sa'o'i 24 a kan shiryayye na firiji. Sai suka tsiro, suka sa su a tsummoki.
  4. An dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mai tsaftacewa da ƙasa. Rufe saman tare da fim ko gilashi don ƙirƙirar yanayi. Ana bada shawara don cire tsari bayan bayyanar sprouts tare da tsawo na 1-2 cm.
  5. Lokacin da aka shuka broccoli, noma da kula da shi a cikin ƙasa sun hada da rage yawan bishiyoyi bayan an kafa asali na ainihi 2-3. A sakamakon haka, nesa na 40 cm ya kamata ya kasance a tsakanin tsire-tsire.

Yadda za a dasa broccoli a bude ƙasa tare da seedlings?

Shawara don girma seedlings a gida suna kama da sauran kayan lambu amfanin gona. Ta hanyar dasawa zuwa cikin ƙasa mai bude zai kasance a shirye don kwanaki 30-40, lokacin da akwai ganye 5-6. Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa game da yadda za a dasa broccoli a bude ƙasa:

  1. Mako guda kafin dasa, ana bada shawara don rage tsire-tsire, saboda haka a kan kwanakin dumi, saita tankuna na da yawa a cikin iska.
  2. A cikin wurin da aka shirya ya yi ramuka, la'akari da cewa tsakanin su ya zama nisa na 35-40 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka - 50-60 cm Ya kamata zurfin ya dace da tsawo na seedling, kuma wannan shi ne kimanin 20-25 cm A kowane rami, sa 2 mai tushe . ash da moisten kasar gona da kyau.
  3. Ana ba da shawarar yin shuka a cikin rana da mafi kyawun yanayi.
  4. Don fara broccoli seedlings, girma da kula a cikin ƙasa bude yana nufin zurfafa da seedlings zuwa tsawo na tushe, sabõda haka, kawai saman ya kasance a saman. Yi la'akari da cewa ba za ka iya cika filin da wani abu mai girma ba. Idan a lokacin namo na seedlings ba zaba aka yi, to, ana gudanar da shi a wannan lokaci. Wani tip - don samar da tsarin ingantacciyar tsari, dole ne a cire babban tushe.

A lokacin da za a dasa kabeji broccoli a ƙasa mai bude?

Ko da yake wannan al'adun kayan lambu zai iya jure yanayin zazzabi, amma ba a mataki na dasa ba, dole ne a jira zafi zuwa ƙasa. Shuka tsaba a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa ba a bada shawarar ba kafin farkon kwanan watan Mayu. Idan kana tunanin yadda za a dasa broccoli a bude ƙasa tare da seedlings, to sai ku shuka tsaba a gida ya kamata a fara na biyu na watan Mayu lokacin amfani da iri iri. Don girbi a lokacin rani, shuka tsaba don seedlings a cikin lokaci daga karshen Afrilu har zuwa tsakiyar Yuni. Ana shuka naman iri iri a ƙarshen Yuni.

Broccoli kabeji - namo

Don wannan al'adun kayan lambu, dole ne a rika la'akari da gonar da ke kusa da makwabta. Yana da mahimmanci a ambaci cewa a cikin takamaiman wannan jinsin an nuna cewa yana iya tsayayya da sanyi akan ƙasa, har zuwa -7 ° C da zafi mai tsanani. Mafi yawan zafin jiki mai zafi shine 18-20 ° C. Gano yadda za'a bunkasa broccoli a waje, yana da kyau ya nuna cewa bayan girbi shuka ba ta daina girma, don haka ba buƙatar cire bushes. Bayan makonni 2-3 a kan harbe-harbe da kulawa da kyau, an kafa sabon inflorescences, amma lura cewa amfanin gona na biyu zai zama karami kuma ba dadi sosai ba.

Shuka broccoli a waje - ƙasa

Mafi kyawun al'adun kayan lambu shine ƙasa mai yumɓu mai kyau ko ƙasa tare da ƙananan yashi. Don inganta halayen fasaha na wuraren da aka zaɓa, an bada shawara a yi takin tare da humus ko juji a cikin kaka. Kafin farkon hunturu, ana bada shawara don tono shi. Lura cewa girma broccoli a waje ya kamata a yi a kan ƙasa mai yalwa, idan an kara yawan acidity, to, ku kara dan kadan.

Gyaran hadin gwiwa tare da broccoli

Masana masu kwarewa sunyi jayayya cewa a lokacin dasa kayan amfanin gona, kana buƙatar la'akari da karfinsu da incompatibility. Lokacin da kake girma broccoli, ka tuna cewa yana girma kusa da dankali, karas, aubergines, kabewa, barkono da cucumbers. Incompatibility, mamaki mutane da yawa, manifests kanta tare da farin kabeji. Amma ga berries, broccoli zai yi girma sosai tare da strawberries, melons da currants.

Kula da broccoli a filin bude

Don samun girbi mai kyau, dole ne mu bi wasu shawarwari game da kula da al'adun kayan lambu. Hanyoyi masu mahimmanci sun hada da yin amfani da ruwa da takin zamani, har ma da sassauta ƙasa da fadawa kwari. Kula da broccoli a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi yana nuna cewa wata daya bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na bushes kuma ya sassauta ƙasa a yankin basal. Yi la'akari da cewa a farkon matakan cigaba da tsire-tsire suna jin tsoron rana, don haka rufe su da lapnika ko buckets.

Gyara broccoli a cikin ƙasa

Duk irin wannan al'ada, ciki har da broccoli, yana buƙata don ban ruwa, amma yawancin labaran ga al'adun kayan lambu ba shi da karɓar. Idan kasar gona ta fi tsayi, to, hare-haren ƙwayoyin kwari da haɗari na cututtuka zai yiwu. Kula da broccoli kabeji yana nufin watering watering, amma an hana yin bushewa da ƙasa. A mafi yawancin lokuta, sau daya ban ruwa a mako daya ya isa, amma a yanayin zafi mai girma ya kamata a ƙara yawan adadin. Idan yana da zafi a waje, to, ku yi shukar tsire-tsire a maraice.

Hawan gwanin broccoli a ƙasa mai bude

Don ƙirƙirar manyan kawuna, ana bada shawara don haɗawa da ciyarwar yau da kullum a cikin kulawa.

  1. A karo na farko da takin mai magani aka gabatar makonni biyu bayan dasa shuki da seedlings. Yi amfani da bayani na Mullein , da aka ba 1 tbsp. Organic ya fada akan guga na ruwa. A sa 1 teaspoon na urea cikin bayani. Maimakon mullein, ana iya amfani da taki mai kaza, tare da shi da ruwa a cikin kashi 1:20. Idan an shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa, to dole ne a gabatar da taki a makonni uku bayan bayyanar shuka.
  2. Noma da kulawa yana nufin na biyu ciyarwa a cikin makonni 2-3 bayan farko hadi. Yi amfani da nitrate, ƙara cikakken wasan kwaikwayo zuwa guga na ruwa.
  3. Na uku ciyar da kabeji kabeji a cikin ƙasa bude shi ne potash-phosphoric. Ɗauki 20 g na superphosphate, 10 g na ammonium nitrate da 5 g na potassium sulfate da 5 l na ruwa.
  4. Lokacin da aka yanke tsakiya, don yaɗa ci gaban da ke da tsaka-tsaki, amfani da wannan bayani a kulawa: don lita 5 na ruwa, ɗauki 5 g na ammonium nitrate, 10 g na superphosphate da 20 g na potassium sulfate. Ga kowane daji zuba 1 lita na gama bayani.
  5. Don ingantacciyar ci gaba na broccoli, girma da kulawa a cikin ƙasa bude sun hada da takin gargajiya tare da itace ash, wanda dole ne a warwatsa a kusa da shafin, ba da cewa 1 square mita ya kamata a cinye ta mita mita.

Kwaro da cututtuka na broccoli

Kuskuren wannan al'adun kayan lambu sun hada da gaskiyar cewa yana da matukar damuwa ga cututtuka daban-daban da kwari. Matsalolin mafi yawancin sune:

  1. A matsayi na iri, kafafu na fata yakan bayyana, don haka ba'a ba da shawarar shuka shi a wuri inda al'adun giciye suka yi girma ba. Wannan matsala ba ta bayyana ba, ba lallai ba ne don shimfiɗa tsirrai. Rabu da wannan cuta, broccoli a mafi yawan lokuta ba zai iya kuma seedlings dole ne a yage daga.
  2. Lokacin da girma a cikin ƙasa, yana yiwuwa a kai hari kan slugs kuma a sami ceto daga gare su idan ka yayyafa ƙasa tare da takarda harsashi.
  3. Dukkan nau'o'in dake fama da caterpillars, wanda daga bisani yayi girma cikin butterflies. Don hana bayyanar su, ana bada shawarar shuka kusa da marigold broccoli. Idan sun bayyana, sai a share su da hannu.
  4. Mafi yawan hatsari a lokacin ƙuruciyar wannan tsire-tsire sune rayuka. Zaka iya yakar su tare da barkono ko ash, wanda aka yayyafa shi da dasa.