Babbar metro a duniya

Ƙasar gari a mega-birane shine babban nau'in sufuri na jama'a. Yawancin birane masu yawa, wadanda yawancin mutanen su miliyan miliyan ne, yana da tsarin tsarin metro wanda ya dauki nauyin kaya don ɗaukar fasinjoji. Yana da wuyar fahimta yadda rikitarwa har ma ba tare da irin wannan yanayi mai wuya ba a hanyoyi, idan babu wata hanyar jirgin kasa, yawancin layin suna cikin ƙasa na birnin. Bari mu gwada wane birni mafi girma a duniya da ke aiki, da kuma sauran littattafan da aka saita a wannan yanki.

Tsarin jirgin ruwa mafi tsawo a duniya

New York Metro

Babbar jirgin karkashin kasa mafi tsawo a duniya - hanyar jirgin karkashin kasa na New York . Mun gode da waccan jirgin ruwa na New York kuma ya shiga cikin littafin Guinness Book. Yawan tsawonsa ya wuce kilo mita 1355, kuma ana tafiyar da zirga-zirga a cikin layi tare da tsawon kilomita 1,056, sauran hanyoyin da ake amfani dasu don dalilai na fasaha. A cikin babban birni har zuwa yanzu, tashoshin mota mai lamba 468 suna cikin hanyoyi 26. Linesunan jirgin karkashin hanyar New York suna da sunaye, kuma hanyoyin da lambobi da haruffa suna ƙira. Bisa ga kididdigar, yawancin jiragen ruwa mafi tsawo na duniya ya ba da misalin 4,5 zuwa miliyan 5 a kowace rana.

Beijing Metro

Na biyu a cikin tsawon jirgin karkashin kasa, wadda aka haɗa a cikin sashen mafi girma a duniya, yana a Beijing. Gwargwadon rassansa ya kai kilomita 442. Gidan talabijin na Beijing yana da wani tarihin duniya: a ranar 8 ga watan Maris na shekara ta 2013, ya kai kusan miliyan 10. Wannan shi ne mafi yawan yawan ƙungiyoyi da aka lura a cikin jirgin karkashin kasa na rana guda. Mazauna da baƙi zuwa babban birnin kasar Sin suna godiya ga lafiyar da aka bayar a metro, ko da yake wannan abu ne mai ban sha'awa a lokacin amfani da irin wannan hanyar sufuri. Gaskiyar ita ce, kowa da kowa yana so ya yi amfani da matakan jirgin kasa na Beijing, ya wuce matakan tsaro wanda aka shigar a ƙofar tashar.

Shanghai Metro

A halin yanzu, tashar metro a birnin Shanghai ita ce ta uku mafi girma tare da tsawon waƙoƙi - kilomita 434, kuma yawan tashoshi ya kai 278. Amma yanzu an gudanar da sabon gine-gine da kuma gina tashoshi. Ana sa ran cewa a karshen shekarar 2015, jirgin karkashin kasa na Shanghai zai ƙunshi tashoshi 480, wanda ya kasance mai gaba a gaban jagorancin yanzu - filin jiragen ruwa na New York.

London Underground

Daga cikin manyan hanyoyi mafi tsawo a cikin duniya shine London Underground . Da yake kasancewar wannan nau'i na farko (an buɗe layin farko a 1863), ƙwararren Ingilishi na London Tube yana da tsawon tsawon kilomita 405. A kowace shekara, jirgin sama na London ya karbi mutane miliyan 976. Masana sunyi imanin cewa London Tube shine mafi wuya a duniya na jirgin karkashin kasa, don fahimtar hanyoyin da ba su da sauƙi. Gaskiyar ita ce, a kan layi guda, jiragen suna gudana a wurare daban-daban, har ma da jirgin karkashin kasa na London yana cike da sauye-sauye da kuma ba da daɗewa ba. Wani muhimmin alama na Ƙungiyar Lissafin London - fiye da rabi na tashoshi suna samuwa a ƙasa, kuma ba a cikin hanji ba.

Tokyo Metro

Tokyo Metropolitan ita ce jagora a cikin sufurin fasinjoji: a kowace shekara, akwai birane 3, 2 biliyan. Admittedly, hanyar jirgin sama ta Tokyo ita ce ta fi dacewa a duniyar duniyar, ta hanyar tunani game da wuraren da aka dashi da kuma kasancewar babban adadi.

Cibiyar ta Moscow

Alamar tashar mafi girma a duniya, wanda ba zai iya taimakawa wajen tunawa da masarautar Moscow ba. Jimlar tsawon hanyoyin da ke cikin kilomita 301, yawan tashoshin yana yanzu 182. Kowace shekara, fasinjoji miliyan 2.3 suna amfani da sabis na manyan motoci a babban birnin, wanda shine alama ta biyu a duniya. Tashar jirgin kasa na Moscow ya bambanta gaskiyar cewa wasu tashoshi suna da al'adun al'adu da kuma misalai na gine-gine da kuma zane.