Rashin ciwo na rashin daidaituwa wanda aka samo shi yana nuna rashin karuwa a cikin ayyukan tsaro na jiki saboda rashin ƙananan kwayoyin da ke da alhakin rigakafi - musamman, lymphocytes CD4. Su ne wadanda ke fama da kwayar cutar HIV, duk da haka, suna magana akan ƙungiyar "jinkirin" ƙwayoyin cuta, bazai bari mutane su sani game da kansu ba da da ewa. Yawancin lokaci, daga lokacin kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta kuma kafin alamun farko na AIDS ya bayyana, shekarun shekaru sun wuce.
Matsayi na HIV
- Lokacin shiryawa shine 3-6 makonni.
- Hanyar ƙaddara mai ƙayi - yana faruwa bayan lokacin shiryawa, amma a cikin kashi 30-50% na kamuwa da cutar HIV ba a bayyana.
- Yanayin asymptomatic shine shekaru 10 zuwa 15 (a matsakaici).
- Matakan da ke faruwa shine AIDS.
A cikin kashi 10 cikin dari na marasa lafiya, wani saurin walƙiya na kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV yana faruwa a lokacin da yanayin ya ɓacewa bayan lokacin shiryawa.
Na farko bayyanar cututtuka
A wani mataki mai launi, ƙwayar cuta ta bayyana kansa a matsayin bayyanar cututtuka, irin su ciwon kai, ciwon makogwaro, tsoka da / ko haɗin gwiwa, zazzaɓi (yawanci yawanci - har zuwa 37.5 ° C), tashin zuciya, zawo, ƙumburi na ƙananan lymph. Sau da yawa alamun farko na kwayar cutar HIV (AIDs ba za'a iya kira wannan yanayin ba tukuna) suna rikicewa da cututtuka na catarrhal ko malaise saboda damuwa, gajiya.
Tsoma bakin cutar HIV
An gwada gwajin HIV ne idan waɗannan ketare sun faru:
- Tsawanan zafin jiki na tsawon makonni 1 don dalilan da ba'a gano su ta hanyar nazari na kowa ba;
- haɓaka a cikin ƙwayar lymph (inguinal, cervical, axillary) a cikin babu wani tsari na ƙwayar cuta a jiki;
- zawo wanda ba ya wuce makonni da yawa;
- alamun zabuka (zalunci) na ɓangaren murji;
- ƙwayoyinta masu yawa ko ƙamustaccen ƙaura;
- wani asarar nauyi mai nauyi don babu dalilin dalili.
Dole ne a ba da shawara game da cutar rashin daidaito idan akwai jima'i mara kyau ko jigilar jini. Magungunan da abin da bincike yake da damuwa zai fara samuwa ne zuwa hudu zuwa hudu bayan mutuwar kamuwa da cuta, kafin wannan sakamakon gwajin bazai nuna alama ba.
Alamun alamun AIDS
A ƙarshen lokacin asymptomatic, yawan adadin CD4 cell lymphocytes (matsananciyar yanayin da marasa lafiya HIV-positive ke duba kowane watanni 3-6 don sarrafa tsarin cutar) an rage zuwa 200 / μL, yayin da darajan al'ada ya kai 500 zuwa 1200 / μL. A wannan mataki, AIDS ya fara, kuma alamunsa na farko shine cututtuka da cututtuka masu haɗari (cututtuka na halitta). Rayayyun kwayoyin halittu a jiki basu cutar da wani mutum mai lafiya ba, amma ga marasa lafiya na kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV tare da tsarin raunin da ya raunana wadannan pathogens suna da hatsarin gaske.
Mai haƙuri yana ta da hankalin pharyngitis, otitis, sinusitis, wanda ya dawo da rashin lafiya.
Ana nuna alamun cutar ta AIDS a jikin fatar jiki:
- herpes - m da kuma a wasu shafukan yanar gizo ba;
- shingles - mai raɗaɗi.
- Crush na bakin rami - farin curd;
- laukoplakia gashi na bakin rami - farar fata a gefen harshe.
Matakan fargaba
A mataki na gaba na hanyar cutar HIV, alamun da alamun da ke tattare da cutar kanjamau suna cike da nauyin nauyin jiki (fiye da 10% na nauyin nauyin).
Mai haƙuri zai iya fuskanta:
- tarin fuka;
- Helminthiasis;
- toxoplasmosis;
- lymphoma;
- Sarcoma na Kaposi;
- pneumocystis ciwon huhu, da dai sauransu.
Kwayoyin da ke fama da cutar AIDS suna tare da cututtuka marasa lafiya.
Rigakafin
Don jinkirta lokacin lokacin da alamun farko na AIDS ya nuna, rigakafin ya zama dole - a cikin mata da magungunan maza zasu iya hana ciwon tarin fuka da PCP. Har ila yau, ya kamata ku bi hanyar rayuwa mai kyau, ku kasance mai tsabta a cikin dakin, ku guje wa hulɗa da dabbobi da sanyi.