Yadda za'a shuka petunia - guje wa manyan kuskuren

A warware matsalar, yadda za'a bunkasa petunia, mutum ya fuskanci matsalolin da dama, daga nazarin fasaha na shuka da ɗiban seedlings , don kare albarkatun kore daga abubuwa masu cutarwa. Duk ƙoƙarin da aka kashe ya biya bashi da dama, domin a cikin yanayin da aka yi wa wannan al'ada ya zama babban matsayi a duniya.

Yaya za a shuka petunias a gonar?

Idan kuna da sha'awar tambayar yadda za ku bunkasa petunia, yana da kyau don ku fahimci asalin furen da fannoni masu ban sha'awa. Wannan kayan ado na dabba yana nufin iyalin Solanaceae, masu bincike na Turai sun fara gano shi a Brazil. Ma'abuta mafi kusa na zamani na petunia sune taba da tumatir da dankali, a cikin yankuna masu dumi suna horar da su ne a matsayin sa'a. Muna da al'adun nan na girma a matsayin shekara-shekara don yin ado da bayan gida, loggias ko balconies.

Ta hanyar kiwo daga tsire-tsire na shekaru masu yawa, an gano yawancin nau'o'in jinsin cewa sune sananne ne saboda siffofin kayan ado. A cikin tambayar yadda za a yi girma petunia daidai, sai ka fara bukatar sanin wane nau'in daji ya fi dacewa ka zaɓa lokacin da kake siyan tsaba daga mafi kyawun iri-iri. Akwai nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i uku na petunias da wasu asali na asali:

1. Cascade petunia - siffofin giant bushes, iya bada dogon a kaikaice rassan. Idan ba ku da kwarewa, yadda za ku yi girma da petunia, to kada ku dasa fiye da tsire-tsire uku a cikin tukunya ɗaya. Popular iri - Cherry, Typhoon, Duble Cascade, Azurfa, Gioconda, Ramblin.
2. Ampelia petunia ne mai tsabta shrub tare da tsalle-tsalle mai tsayi, an rufe shi daga rani zuwa sanyi tare da buds na 50-10 cm a diamita Waterfall, Lilac Surf, White, Royal Magenta, Mystic Pink, White, Pink, Lavender, Blue, Wave, Typhoon Wave.
3. Furotinia shrub - ƙananan siffofin da tsawo na daji zuwa 30 cm Mai girma ga mutanen da suka magance matsalar, yadda za a kara petunia a cikin tukwane a cikin iyakanceccen wuri. Alamun da aka ba da shawarar sune 'yan kallo, Sonata, Valentine, Duo F1, Wayne Cascade Plum Wayne.
4. Petunia floribunda - a cikin catalogs an samo a matsakaici wuri tsakanin manyan-flowered da multiflorous iri. Furen suna fitowa a diamita har zuwa 10 cm, yana da kyau a lokacin da ake yin kayan sararin samaniya. Don namo a cikin gidaje, masana sun bada shawarar irin wadannan nau'o'in petunia floribunda - Sonya F1 Series, Celebrity rong F1 Series, Madness F1 Series.

Petunia - girma daga tsaba

Gyara matsala na yadda ake shuka lush petunia daga tsaba a gida, zaka iya saurin kuma ba tare da kudi ba. Sabbin tsaba da aka samu an hade shi tare da yashi mai yayyafa kuma an shuka a cikin haske, ƙasa mai tsabta a hanya marar iyaka. Sada ruwa kadan a saman kuma rufe akwati tare da gilashin fure, a zafin jiki na 23 ° C petunia zai tashi cikin mako guda. Humidity yana da matsakaicin matsakaici, don haka kada ya tsokana ci gaban baki . Turawa a cikin gine-gine da muke samar tun daga watan Afrilu, a cikin filin bude kasa petunia ya girma tare da isowar zafi.

Yadda za a yi girma petunia daga cuttings?

Tare da kiwo iri, rabi na shuka girma tare da furen petunia mai sauki, don haka cuttings girma yawancin siffofin terry don adana halaye iri-iri. Ana ajiye bishiyoyi a cikin watanni hunturu a cikin greenhouses a zafin jiki na 12 ° C. A watan Maris, yanke cuttings tare da ganye 4-5. Bayan cire wasu ƙananan ƙananan ganye, ana kula da harbe tare da "Kornevin". Sa'an nan kuma an sanya su a ƙasa daga yashi, turf da takin. Muna kara zurfin tsire-tsire a cikin kofuna ɗaya daya da rabi bisa sama. Yayyafa petunia karkashin gilashi a zazzabi har zuwa 25 ° C, samar da wata rana mai haske zuwa 16 hours.

Yadda za a yi girma kyau Petunia daga seedlings?

Idan aka dasa shuki da tsire-tsire, to, tsire-tsire ba shi da lafiya kuma yana miƙawa, tare da bayyanar 2-3 ya fita yana yiwuwa a canja wurin harbe zuwa kati daya. A cikin yanayin, yadda za a kula da petunia gida bayan ɗaukar, babban abu shi ne samar da haske mai kyau da kuma ci gaba da zafin jiki na 22 ° C. Muna ciyar da cuttings tare da takin mai magani na ruwa don furanni kowane kwanaki 10. Idan aka samo sprouts, petunia ya girma, girma seedlings na iya ci gaba a bude. An sauya shuke-shuke da aka dasa a gonar ko zuwa baranda daga farkon watan Mayu, zaɓar don yin sa'a da yammacin rana.

A ina za a kara petunia?

Matsalar yadda za a yi girma petunia, yana da kyau a magance tare da taimakon da aka yi ko saya a cikin kantin sayar da kayayyaki. Ka rufe su da gilashi ko murfin filastik, samar da wani microclimate mafi kyau a ciki. Wani hanya mai mahimmanci don samun fure-fure na petunia shine shuka tsaba a peat allunan. Tare da wannan hanya, zaka iya yin ba tare da gwano ba, ba tare da tayar da tsire-tsire ba, kuma a dasa su a cikin ƙasa ko babban tukunya.

Yaya za a kula da petunia a gonar?

Idan kun kafa burin, yadda za ku yi girma da kyau a cikin kakar wasa, yayinda kullun ya yalwata da furanni masu kyau, to, ku karbe don dasa shuki mai laushi mai haske tare da ƙasa mai haske. Mafi mahimmanci, yana tsiro a ƙasa mai tsayi, da ado da humus. Lokacin da aka shirya ƙasar kuma mun sami damar yin amfani da furanni mai kyau na furanni na petunia, ta yaya za mu kula da shi a filin bude?

Dokokin saukowa na Petunia:

• seedlings na kananan-flowered iri suna located bayan 15-20 cm,
• Man fetur mai yawa-flowered suna girma ta hanyar 25-30 cm,
• bushes na ampel siffofin suna mafi kyau dasa a nesa daga 35 cm zuwa 50 cm,
• daji iri ana shuka su ne a cikin tukwane da girma na 5 lita,
• don siffofin ampel, kana buƙatar sayan tukwane da lita 10,
• Furotin gagarumin ganyayyaki yana buƙatar akwati da ƙaramin lita 30.

Yaya za a kula da petunia a lokacin rani?

Mafi yawan sha'awace-tsire iri iri ne tare da furanni masu girma, lokacin da suke girma a cikin yanayi mai sanyi ko rashin haske a kansu, sukan bunkasa cututtuka da ke haifar da cessation na girma. Haɗari ya nuna wa kayan ado na tsirrai da tsirrai da ƙuƙƙun ruwa, wanda yakan halakar da yawancin seedlings. Yana da kyawawa don shuka iri iri a kan gado, da kuma sanya tsalle-tsalle masu tsada a cikin tukunyar mai yalwa. Noma na petunia a cikin ƙasa ta hanyar hanyar tukwane yana da mafi amfani a cikin cewa masu iya iya cire kwantena a cikin hatsari a ƙarƙashin rufi.

Yaya za a kula da petunia, don haka ya yi fariya?

A cikin tambaya game da yadda za a kula da petunia don ya yi fice da kyau a cikin lokacin dumi, mai masaukin gari zai iya yin amfani da wayo daya, wanda yakan ba da kyakkyawan sakamako - prischipku harbe. Wannan hanya tana haifar da rassan daji kuma yana ƙarfafa ci gaban kore. A kan wani matashi, an yi naman tsuntsu a kan na biyar na ciki, tare da girma daga cikin pruning an yi a kan dukan tsofaffi harbe harbe.

Yaya za a iya ruwa petunia?

A lokacin da ake tsara sau da yawa zuwa ruwa petunia, gwada kada ku cika ƙasa. Tsuntsauran damuwa da ruwa mai ma'ana ga lalacewa daga asalinsu. Ruwa mai kyau yana magance mafi yawan matsaloli kuma yana taimaka wajen ceton yanayin. A cikin yanayin zafi, za ku iya yin amfani da man fetur biyu a kowace rana. Ko da yake wannan al'adar taƙama ta shahara ne saboda juriya na fari, ba za a iya kawo halin da ake ciki a cikin ƙasa ba. Idan ruwan famfo yana da wuyar gaske, to, an yi amfani da shi kadan kafin a sha ruwa.

Petunia ciyar

A farkon lokaci na ci gaba, ana ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai magani na furanni da fom din NPK 10-10-10. Bugu da ƙari ƙara yawan abun ciki na phosphorus da potassium, ƙin shirye-shirye da rabo mai amfani abubuwa NPK 10-15-20 ko NPK 10-15-15. Kyakkyawan nazari suna shahararren taki "Kemira", "Master" ko "Agricola" . An yi nasarar amfani dashi don maganin maganin gyaran daji na jama'ar petunia. Ana tsintar da tsire-tsire a cikin ganga kuma cike da ruwa, bayan kwana 3 na fermentation, ana kwantar da ruwa sannan aka tsallake shi cikin kashi 1:20.

Yaya za a kula da furanni na flowering petunia?

Prischipku harbe ci gaba da dukan dumi kakar. Yarda da tsawon bulala zuwa na uku, yana taimaka wa shuka don shakatawa, yana motsawa sabon nau'i na aiki na furanni. An jefa jigun daji da aka shuka ko amfani da su don yada seedlings, su shafe su cikin ruwa. A cikin yanayin, yadda ake kula da petunia a fili, babban rawar da ake takawa ta hanyar dubawa na yau da kullum da ganyayyaki. Cire ƙasa, cire weeds, tabbas za a yanke da mummunar lalacewa ko kuma wilted buds. Ganye mai albarka a lokacin namo zai fara ciyar da karfi ba a kan maturation na tsaba, amma a kan flowering da kuma girma da sababbin harbe.

Babban kuskuren cikin girma petunia

Wannan shuka yana da damuwa da yanayin yanayi, amma sau da yawa masu tsire-tsire masu furanni suna lalata petunia, samar da yanayi don girma da rashin daidaituwa. Sa'idojin farko sun jira cikin mazaunin lokacin rani a lokacin da ake shuka. Idan ba ku san wasu ka'idoji ba, za ku iya samun seedlings mai kyau ko marasa rauni da marasa lafiya, baza su iya zama cikin mai karfi daji ba.

Shirye-shiryen da aka saba yi akan karamin petunia:

• maimakon yin amfani da tsire-tsire masu amfani da ƙwarewar amfani da shuka na petunia a ƙasa zuwa zurfin,
• germination na tsaba a cikin bazara a cikin duhu wuri ba tare da haske,
• mutuwar petunia daga stagnation na ruwa,
• ba tare da m jiyya ba, petunia ya ɓace daga cututtuka da kwari,
• tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na farfajiyar petunia zuwa haɓakar girma,
• ƙarar tukwane ko tukwane ba su dace da tsarin tushen ba.

Petunia - kwari da cututtuka

Dole ne masaukin ya shirya da kyau a lokacin bazara, akwai cututtuka da kwari na petunia, rigakafi da gwagwarmaya tare da abin da yayi ƙoƙari. Petunia yana da iyalin Solanaceae, sabili da haka yana shan wuya daga girma daga na kowa don wannan rukuni na shuke-shuke fungal cututtuka da cututtuka masu ƙari. Yawancin kuɗi don yaki da kwari ba za a kashe su ba, amma tare da kulawa da rashin kulawa suna iya magance matsalolin da yawa akan flowerbeds.

Babban cututtuka da kwari na petunia:

• baki kafa,
• launin toka,
• fararen launi,
• launin ruwan kasa,
• marigayi,
• whitefly.

Rot ta ci gaba da Skorom, Maxim, da kuma bioparaparations. Tsayayyar rushewa da tsinkaya a cikin noma na petunias suna da kyau taimakawa aiki "Oxihom", "Ridomil Gold", jan karfe oxychloride. An haramta kwari ta hanyar sinadarai "Karate", "Decis", "Aktara", samfurori na halittu. Zaka iya amfani da infosions sabulu tare da taba, kayan ado na barkono mai zafi ko dandelion, sauran kayan girke-girke.