Sinusitis, wanda alamunta zai iya zama cikakke kuma ana iya ganin shi ne bayyanar wasu, marasa tsanani, cututtuka, na iya haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. Sabili da haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a iya gane bambancin kwayoyin halitta daga wani rhinitis mai sauƙi kuma ya amsa a lokacin zuwa bayyanai mai raɗaɗi.
Mene ne sinusitis kuma yaya yake da haɗari?
Don fahimtar ma'anar abin da ke da genyantritis, bari mu juya zuwa jiki da kuma ilimin lissafi kuma muyi la'akari da tsarin sassan ciki da kuma hanyoyi da ke kusa da shi. Hanya na hanci, dake tsakanin iyakoki na kwakwalwa, kwaskwar ido da kuma cranial fossa na baya, shine farkon sashin jiki na numfashi. Yana yin magana da yanayin ta hanyoyi da kuma ta hanyar choana - tare da pharynx, wanda aka layi tare da membran mucous kuma ya raba ta septum zuwa kashi biyu.
Babban ayyukan hanci shine: warming and moistening the air tare da wahayi, kariya daga pathogens, bayyanar murya da sauransu. Ayyukan al'ada na wannan kwayar halitta ba zai yiwu bane ba tare da taimakon yankunan da aka haɗa da shi ba - nau'in faɗin jiki (kayan haɗi) sinuses dake cikin kasusuwa na ɓangaren fuska. Wani sunaye sune mawuyacin hali. Kuskuren wajibi ne na sama, kuma suna da alaka da kyallen mucous, wanda ke haɗa da sassa na hanci ta wurin kananan anastomoses. A duka akwai 4 sinuses - 3 guda biyu da 1 ba tare da biya ba.
Mafi yawan zunubus suna a kowane gefen hanci a cikin yatsun sama kuma an kira su da maxillary sinuses. Kumburi na membrane mucous na maxillary sinus, wanda shine wani nau'i na sinusitis (kumburi na sinus), ana kiransa sinusitis. A lokaci guda kuma sakamakon rashin tausananci, lumen daga cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ke raguwa da ɓoyewar ɓacin sinus yana faruwa, samun iska da kuma tsarkakewa yana damuwa, wanda zai taimaka wajen bunkasa microflora pathogenic.
Kwayoyin inflammatory a wannan yanki na da haɗari saboda kusanci ga irin waɗannan kwayoyin halitta kamar kwakwalwa da idanu. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayar cuta da jini da lymph na yau da kullum za a iya ɗauka zuwa gabobi masu nisa. Kuma idan an fara sifofin, zai yiwu ya rushe ganuwar sinadarin sinus, wanda ke da nasaba da cututtuka. Cutar da sinusitis na yau da kullum, da alamun bayyanar da aka gano a latti, sune:
- maganin otitis;
- tonsillitis ;
- meningitis;
- ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa ;
- launi na cellulose phlegmon;
- sepsis;
- pyelonephritis;
- myocarditis.
Waɗanne nau'o'in genyantritis ne?
Dangane da yadda ake aiwatar da tsari, yanayin yanayinsa da kuma abubuwan da ke damuwa, ya bambanta irin wadannan nau'o'in sinusitis:
- daya gefe - tare da kumburi daya sinus;
- bilateral - tare da shan kashi na duka maxillary sinuses;
- m - yana da kusan makonni 3-4;
- sinusitis na kullum - tare da tsawon lokaci tare da lokaci na exacerbation da remission;
- Catarrhal - halin da ake yi da ƙuƙwalwa.
- suppurative - kwayan cutar kumburi tare da samuwar tura;
- polypous-ƙananan jini - ƙonewa, wanda ke haifar da yaduwar kwayoyin mucous.
Catarrh na maxillary sinusitis
Cikar sinusitis catarrhal daya ko bilateral shine sauƙin farko na kumburi na mucosa, inda ya kumbura kuma ya samar da mummunar adadi na mota-muren mota. Saboda cikakkewa ko raguwa na raguwa, ƙusarwa ba ta gudana cikin rami na hanci, amma ya tara, yana haifar da karuwa a cikin matsa lamba a cikin sinuses.
Purulent sinusitis
Hanyar da ta samo ta hanyar tasowa ta tasowa ne saboda wani abin ƙyama ko rashin kulawa. A cikin haɗarin da ke tattare da sinus, kwayoyin halitta sun fara farawa, a sakamakon abin da tsarin na rigakafi ya taimaka wajen samar da leukocytes shiga cikin mayar da hankali ga kamuwa da cuta don yakar shi. Sakamakon haka shine samuwar motsi a cikin sinus maxillary. Musamman mawuyacin haɗari shine halayen maxillary sinusitis.
Cystic-polyposis sinusitis
Irin wannan cututtuka da ciwo mai mahimmanci na kyallen takalma a cikin sinus, kamar sinadarin sinadarai ko gurbataccen sinusitis, sau da yawa yakan ci gaba da ci gaba da aiwatar da tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta. Harshen launi a mafi yawancin lokuta yana daya gefe. Polyps da cysts, waxanda suke cike da girma, suna iya girma a shekaru, suna cika dukkanin fili na sinus, suna hana anastomosis da yin numfashi.
Sinusitis - sa
Mun lissafa manyan mawuyacin sinusitis:
- Cutar cututtuka (cututtukan hoto, kwayan cuta, fungal);
- cututtuka masu rashin lafiyan;
- abun ciki ko ƙananan ƙananan abubuwan da ke cikin ƙananan hanyoyi (misali, curvature na septum );
- raunuka na sashin jiki na numfashi;
- Cututtuka na hakora na babban yatsun (caries, periodontitis, granulomas na asibiti).
A mafi yawancin lokuta, ƙonewa na sinus sinuses tasowa a kan bayan bayanan cututtuka na numfashi na asali daga tushen asali, wanda aka sanya mucosa na caji na hanci. Bisa ga kididdigar, kowane nau'i na ARVI na goma shine rikitarwa ta sinusitis. Tare da rashin kulawa mara kyau, rashin ƙarfi na halayen rigakafi, kwayar da ke kunne, yanayin nauyin cutar ya hada da kyamarar hoto.
Menene bayyanar cututtuka na sinusitis?
Kwayoyin cututtuka na sinusitis sun dogara da irin wannan cuta. Idan babbar sinusitis tasowa, ana nuna alamun bayyanarta, tasowa ba da daɗewa ba bayan abin da ya faru (cututtuka, kamuwa da cuta). Kwayoyin cututtuka na sinusitis na yau da kullum suna da laushi, mai dadi, amma suna da dadewa. Yawan yanayi yana kama da bayyanar da ke cikin kwakwalwa tare da kara a mataki na ƙwaƙwalwa, wadda ke tasowa a lokacin ambaliya, sakamakon tasiri a jikin sutura, da sauransu.
Na farko bayyanar cututtuka na maxillary sinusitis
Alamun farko na sinusitis, ana iya ganin alamun bayyanar a rana ta uku na cutar. Wadannan sun haɗa da:
- ƙuntataccen ƙwayar hanci, wahala a numfashi na hanci;
- fitarwa daga hanci daga wani yanayi daban-daban;
- ƙaddamar da ƙuƙƙwarar ƙananan ƙananan nasopharynx, haddasa gumi da tari;
- muryar murya;
- zazzabi;
- general malaise;
- ciwon kai;
- rashin lafiya a yankunan da aka yiwa flamed;
- cin zarafin ƙanshi, dandano mai dandano.
Cutar cututtuka na sinusitis, bayyanar cututtuka - inda yake zafi?
Pain a cikin genyantritis an mayar da hankali ne a fuskar fuska a daya ko biyu na tarnaƙi na fuka-fukin hanci, a karkashin idanu, inda maxillary sinuses ke samuwa. A cikin wannan yanki, ƙila za a iya yin ƙarami, kuma tare da matsa lamba, jin daɗin jin dadi. Bugu da ƙari, jin zafi yana ɗaukar haruffan furcin lokacin da ake karkatar da kai a ƙasa, yayin da yake lankwasawa. Ana iya fahimtar da hankali sosai kamar yadda matsi, fashewa, jawowa, bugun zuciya. Mutane da yawa marasa lafiya suna koka game da ciwon kai na ciwon kai, zafi a yankin tsakanin girare, a cikin babba na sama kusa da ƙananan lambobi.
Ko ko da yaushe a wani zafin jiki na genyantritis?
Ya kamata a san cewa zafi a cikin jinsin jiki ba kullum ba ne, don haka har ma idan babu rashin zazzabi, ba wanda zai iya ɗauka cewa babu wani abu mai tsanani da ke faruwa. Sau da yawa an karuwa a cikin alamomin thermometer zuwa 37-38.5 ºC an rubuta shi a cikin wani nau'in pathology mai zurfi, wanda ya nuna gwagwarmayar gwagwarmaya da kwayar halitta tare da kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta. A cikin tsarin catarrhal kuma a cikin yanayin sinusitis na yau da kullum, zafin jiki na iya zama a cikin iyakokin al'ada.
Kashe daga hanci da genyantritis
Sinusitis, alamun bayyanar da dole ne ya hada da bayyanar fitarwa daga hanci, an classified bisa ga dabi'a. Dangane da lahani da mataki na lalacewar, da fitarwa daga ɗakin hanci zai iya zama:
- mai yawa - yana nuna cewa ba a katange sinosu ba, kuma akwai fitowar kayan aiki;
- matalauci - yayi magana game da cikakkewar rikice-rikicen ƙaura;
- m - kiyaye a cikin tsarin kullun;
- greenish - ne na hali ga abin da aka makala na kwayan cuta pathogenic microflora;
- rawaya - wata alamar tsari mai samfur;
- tare da jini - fitarwa daga hanci da genyantritis, wanda ke dauke da kwayar jini, sakamakon sakamakon lalacewa na tasoshin a cikin sinuses (wani lokaci wannan shi ne saboda yin amfani da ƙwayar magungunan vasoconstrictive ko kuma mai zafi sosai).
Sanin asali na genyantritis
Tun da za'a iya wanke alamar cututtuka na genyantritis, nazarin likitancin ENT ba kullum baku damar tabbatar da ganewar ganewa ba, don gane yanayin asalin cutar. A sakamakon haka, an nada kayan aiki da aikin binciken kimiyya:
- X - ray - a cikin genyantritis, wannan shine babban hanyar ganewar asali, wanda za'a iya gane mummunan katako daga jikin mucous membran na sinuses, gani da yiwuwar neoplasms da ƙayyadadden yawan ruwa cikin su bisa girman inuwa a cikin hoton.
- Daidaitaccen lissafi - wannan tsari yana da shawarar idan an yi la'akari da sinusitis, alamar ta tabbatar da ita ta nazarin jiki, amma samfurin X-ray bai tabbatar da hakan ba. Hanyar ta fi dacewa kuma ta dace, ta hanyar abin da aka yi la'akari da yanayin da ake yi da sinus.
- Jarabawar jini na jini - zai iya nuna leukocytosis da karuwa a cikin adadin erythrocyte sedimentation, wanda ke nuna wani tsari mai kumburi.
- Bakposev a kan microflora na punctate na maxillary sinus - binciken ne nufin gano da causative wakili na kamuwa da cuta da kuma yanke shawara da hankali na pathogen zuwa wasu magunguna. Wannan tsari ne mai banƙyama ya kasance a cikin lokuta masu ban mamaki idan akwai cututtuka mai tsanani, babban hadarin rikitarwa, da rashin aikin maganin kwayoyin cutar.
Sinusitis - abin da za a yi?
A cikin shari'ar idan hoto na hoto ya nuna cewa ƙananan ƙananan cututtuka sun kamu da ƙananan kamuwa da cututtuka na kwayar cutar (alamun bayyanar cututtuka sun riga sun wuce alamun bayyanar cututtuka irin su zazzaɓi, hawan hanci, sneezing, da dai sauransu), ba a buƙatar magani na musamman. Babban abin da za a yi idan genyantritis yake a cikin mataki na catarrhal shine a riƙa gudanar da tsabta ta hanzari ta hanyar amfani da maganin saline sannan kuma kula da microclimate a cikin dakin don hana ƙuduri daga bushewa da kuma shimfiɗa.
Kwayar cutar kwayar cuta da yanayin jiki yana buƙatar amfani da kwayoyin cutar antibacterial da anti-bacterial, wanda likita ya sanya. Bugu da ƙari, magungunan ra'ayin mazan jiya zai iya haɗa da amfani da irin wannan kwayoyi:
- vasoconstrictive saukad da (Pharmazoline, Naphthysine , Vibrocil );
- antihistamines (Erius, Loratadin, Cetrin);
- maganin antiseptic (Chlorfillipt, Miramistin);
- mucolytics (Ambroxol, ATSTS).
A wasu lokuta, alamar da kuma wankewa na sinus an tsara shi ta hanyar "cuckoo" ko cire sinus, physiotherapy (ultraphonophoresis, inhalation da sauransu). Idan irin wannan magani bai kawo sakamako ba, an yi amfani da tsire-tsire ta sinus na sinus don farfaɗo ruwa mai gina jiki da kuma kara wankewa.