Shukacciyar broccoli a bude - asirin kulawa da dasa

Ana dauke Broccoli ɗaya daga cikin kayan lambu mafi amfani ga mutane, domin yana dauke da bitamin, da ma'adanai da sauransu. Ana shuka broccoli a filin bude shi ne ana aiwatar da shi bisa bin ka'idojin tsarin fasaha. Zaka iya dasa shi da tsaba da seedlings.

Yadda za a dasa broccoli a bude ƙasa?

Girman amfanin gona yana dogara ne akan wuri mai kyau don dasa. Yana da muhimmanci cewa shafin yana da kyau sosai kuma yana da haske, don haka kabeji yana bukatar haske don akalla sa'o'i 6.

1. Umurni game da yadda za a dasa broccoli a cikin ƙasa a fili ya nuna cewa ƙasar ya zama sako-sako da tsaka tsaki. Ƙananan alkali ne kuma ya yarda. Tare da ƙara yawan acidity, ƙara lime ga ƙasa.
2. Ba a bada shawara don dasa al'adun kayan lambu a ƙasar da wasu nau'o'in kabeji, radish, tumatir da radish suke amfani da su ba, amma dankali, cucumbers da hatsi suna dauke da su masu kyau.
3. A wani wuri, za a iya gina broccoli ba fiye da ɗaya kakar ba.

Shuka broccoli a cikin ƙasa tare da tsaba

Ana iya dasa al'adun kayan lambu a nan gaba a titin, kuma tsire-tsire zasu fi lafiya fiye da lokacin amfani da seedlings. Ya kamata a lura cewa kayan shuka, wanda aka riga ya bi da shi, zai iya tsayayya da sanyi zuwa -7 ° C. Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa game da yadda za a dasa shuki a cikin wuri mai kyau:

1. Na farko, wajibi ne a shirya kayan kayan dasa, don haka zai fara fitowa, da ƙananan ciwo kuma ya ba da girbi mai kyau. Ana bada shawara don kwantar da tsaba na tsawon sa'o'i 8 ta amfani da bayani mai zurfi na potassium permanganate (1 g da 1 l). Duk da haka yana yiwuwa a kwashe tsaba a cikin rana a cikin wani bayani na toka na itace (1 abu a cokali a 1 l). Bayan haka, wanke su kuma ya bushe su.
2. Yi nisa ramuka 0.5x0.5 m cikin girman da kuma zubar da tsaba a cikin ƙasa ta 1.5 cm. Bayan haka, tabbatar da zube da kyau. Ana bada shawara don rufe saman tare da fim don ƙirƙirar yanayi da kare kariya daga kwari. Bayan mako guda, ƙananan furanni za su bayyana, kuma idan sun kara karfi zaka iya cire tsari. Tabbatar da tsayar da tsire-tsire, barin samfurori mafi karfi. Broccoli za ta fara a watan Agusta da Satumba.

Yadda za a dasa broccoli a bude ƙasa tare da seedlings?

Mutane da yawa sun fi son shuka shuka tare da shirye-shirye da aka riga aka shirya. Wannan hanyar saukowa an dauke shi mafi aminci, kuma yana la'akari da waɗannan shawarwari:

1. Don dasa shuki kabeji broccoli seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude, yana da muhimmanci don pre-iri da tsaba a gida ta amfani da mafi girma da kuma lafiya samfurori. A cikin tukwane, saka wanka mai tsabta kuma cika su da ƙasa mai tsaka. Ya kamata furrows ya zama zurfin zurfin 1.5 cm, tsaftace su kuma dasa tsaba don haka akwai kimanin 15 cm tsakanin su. Ƙasa ƙasa kuma sanya kwantena a cikin wuri mai sanyi inda zazzabi zai fara 16 ° C sannan 8 ° C. Ka guji hasken rana kai tsaye. Bayan bayyanar fiye biyar (a cikin mafi yawancin lokuta kwanaki 35 bayan dasa shuki), zaka iya canja wurin seedlings zuwa bude ƙasa.
2. Rashin zurfin ramukan ya zama 20-25 cm kuma diamita 3-4 cm Fiye da rabi na tushe ya kamata a kasa ƙasa. Ruwan ruwa mai zurfi da rijiyoyin da kuma yin safiyar farko.

Shirye-shiryen dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa

Don m ci gaba, yana da Dole a yadda ya kamata dasa seedlings da tsaba. Makirci na dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa a fili yana nuna cewa akwai nisa na 0.5 m tsakanin gadaje. Tsakanin bishiyoyi da ke cikin jere, bar 40x60 cm ko 30x70 cm Idan amfani da hanyar yin amfani da hanyoyi biyu, la'akari da nisa 30x (90 + 50 ), gani

Dates na dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa

Domin shuka ya fara, yana da muhimmanci a dasa shi da kyau. Don samun tsire-tsire, sabanin kayan ya kamata ya faru a sashi na biyu na watan Maris. Idan kana sha'awar dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa tare da tsaba, to sai ka tuna cewa lokaci mai kyau zai zo a farkon watan Mayu kuma zai kasance har zuwa farkon Yuni. Dangane da iri-iri, da seedlings, wanda da 5-7 ganye, ana shuka su ne kamar haka:

1. Idan iri suna da wuri, to, lokacin dacewa daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa farkon watan mai zuwa.
2. Ana ba da shawarar yin shuka matakan matsakaici a cikin lokaci daga rabi na biyu zuwa Mayu zuwa farkon Yuni.
3. Lokacin da dasa shuki iri iri, zabi lokaci daga karshen Yuli zuwa farkon Agusta.

Yadda ake girma broccoli a filin bude?

Kula da al'adun kayan ci gaban da aka gabatar ya zama mai sauƙi kuma ya haɗa da hanyoyin da aka saba da su. Kullum watering, fertilizing, weeding, hilling da loosening da muhimmanci ga ingantaccen girma.

1. Asirin girma broccoli ya nuna cewa dole ne matasa suyi girma, don haka zai yiwu a adana ruwan danshi, hana bayyanar weeds da overheating daga tushen tsarin.
2. Bayan ban ruwa, dole ne ka sassauta kasar gona don yaduwa da oxygen.
3. Yawancin lambu suna ciyar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
4. Lura cewa bayan yanke babban kai yayin da girma mai girma a cikin ƙasa, gefen harbe yayi sauri, saboda haka kada ku cire daji, domin kuna iya girbi karin amfanin gona.

Ta yaya furen broccoli a bude?

Idan kabeji ya karu, to, kai yana nuna furen launin rawaya, bai riga ya dace ba don abinci. Fahimtar yadda ake girma broccoli a waje, kana buƙatar sakawa cewa zai iya haifar da bayyanar furanni:

1. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku yi marigayi tare da dasa shuki na al'adun kayan lambu, tun da yake yanayin yawan zafin jiki na iska yana da muhimmanci yayin girma. Idan sun tashi sama da 25 ° C, broccoli zai shiga launi.
2. Zai fi dacewa da zaɓar iri iri, saboda ingancin amfanin gona yana da rinjaye ta precocity.
3. Idan shugabannin suna ci gaba da furanni, to, girma girma a cikin gida yana dauke da lalata launi da sassauta ƙasa. Sa'an nan kuma damar cewa shugabannin gefen za su yi girma sosai.

A lokacin da pritenyat kabeji broccoli a cikin ƙasa bude?

Rana mai zafi mai zafi zai iya lalata shuka kuma ya kara yawan amfanin ƙasa na broccoli, saboda haka ana bada shawara a hada da hanya guda daya - tsari na shugabannin. Lokacin da shugabannin suka fara ripen, suna bukatar shaded, rufe daga rana mai zafi. Yi amfani da wannan dalili yanke daga bushes ganye. Idan aka yi girma a cikin waje ba tare da wannan hanya ba, to, shugabannin za su kasance ƙananan kuma za su yi watsi.

Shuka broccoli a kasar - siffofin watering

A mafi yawan lokuta, sha ruwa a ƙasa sau ɗaya a mako, amma idan yanayin iska ya wuce sama da 25 ° C, wajibi suna buƙatar karin shayarwa. Kula da broccoli na kabeji a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi ya hada da mawuyacin watering, amma ruwan bai kamata ya damu ba, in ba haka ba juyawar tushen ba zai yiwu. A yanayin zafi yana bada shawara don fesa shuka a maraice.

Hawan gwanin broccoli a filin bude

A yanayin shuka yana da sauki a gano abin da abubuwa basu isa ba, don haka idan ƙananan ganye sun juya launin rawaya kuma girma ya ragu, to, akwai rashin nitrogen. Idan akwai kadan potassium, to, ganyayyaki sun zama m, kuma yankunansu sun bushe. Don takin mai magani kayan aikin kayan lambu da aka gabatar da su sunyi daidai, kuma suna ciyarwa a kan wasu matakai.

1. Da farko, yana da kyau gano abin da za a yi amfani da ƙwayar broccoli a cikin ƙasa a bayan gari bayan dasa shuki, don haka a wannan lokacin jiko na mullein , an ba da rabo tare da ruwa 1:10.
2. Daga gaba, ana amfani da takin mai magani bayan makonni biyu bayan hanyar farko. Yi tsayayya da zubar da ruwa tare da ruwa, la'akari da rabon 1: 4. Taki zuba karkashin tushen.
3. Tsarin gizon girma a filin bude ya hada da na uku da ake yin gyare-gyare kuma an yi shi lokacin da aka kafa inflorescences. Don yin bayani, Mix 1 tbsp. spoons na superphosphate tare da lita 5 na ruwa. Girman da aka gabatar ya isa ga shuke-shuke guda 10.
4. Ana gudanar da cin abinci na ƙarshe bayan da aka yanke kai don farawa da harbe. Yi amfani da taki mai tsada.

Yaushe za a yanke broccoli a waje?

Ana iya tattara girbi bayan watanni 3-4. bayan shuka tsaba. Duk duk ya dogara ne da iri-iri da wuri na namo. A lokacin rani, zaka iya tattara girbi fiye da ɗaya, saboda bayan yanke babban shugaban, an gina ƙananan layi. Ka'idodin girma broccoli ya nuna cewa ya fi dacewa da harbe shugabannin yau da safe, lokacin da suke da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Lura cewa ba ku buƙatar jira lokacin da shugaban ya sami nauyin nauyi, saboda yayin da yake kore, yana da dadi sosai. Ya kamata a adana amfanin gona na farko a cikin mako guda a cikin firiji, kuma biyan baya ya dace da adana tsawon lokaci.

Gircocin girma a bude - cututtuka

Kula da al'adun kayan lambu a wasu lokuta yana rikitarwa ta bayyanar wasu cututtuka, don cire daga cikin hanyoyin da ake bukata. Tsarin broccoli a cikin ƙasa na ƙasa zai iya zama tare da waɗannan matsalolin:

1. Black kafa. Sau da yawa yakan rinjayar seedlings, yana yad da wuyõyi na seedlings, wanda ke haifar da softening da blackening na tushe. An cire tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, kuma an zuba ƙasa tare da bayani na potassium permanganate, ta amfani da 3-4 g na lita 10 na ruwa a kanta. Bayan haka, ba a tsaftace tsirrai a mako daya ba.
2. Bel. Idan kula da broccoli a cikin ƙasa mara kyau ba a aiwatar da shi bisa ga ka'idoji ba, to, akwai komai mai kama da man. Ya kamata a cire tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, kuma an rage sauran tsire-tsire tare da shirye-shirye na jan ƙarfe.
3. White rot. Haka kuma cutar ta nuna kansa a hanyoyi daban-daban, alal misali, akwai gizo gizo-gizo da kuma juyawa daga tushe. Don magance shi, bi da broccoli tare da magunguna da suka ƙunshi jan ƙarfe.
4. Bacteriosis na jiki. Kwayar cuta ta ƙaddara ta gefen yellowing na ganye, wanda ya yi duhu ta hanyar lokaci. Dole ne a yi amfani da Bushes tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Planrys" ko "Trichodermin"

Broccoli karin kwari a cikin ƙasa

Don kare tsarin kayan kayan ci gaban da aka gabatar daga kwari na kwari, ana bada shawara don gudanar da jiyya tare da jiko daga tushe da tumatir tumatir ko dankali a matsayin rigakafi. Idan ba ka la'akari da yanayin da ake ciki na girma broccoli, to, yana yiwuwa a kai farmaki irin wannan kwari :

1. Kabeji tashi. Daga lokacin dasa, yana da muhimmanci a duba shuka don bayyanar qwai qwai, kuma idan aka samo su, to lallai ya kamata su dauke su tare da kasa daga tushe kuma su zuba cikin qasa mai kyau, da tsirewar tsire-tsire. Domin kada a kai farmaki da kwari na kabeji, yayyafa ƙasa a kusa da ƙurar taba.
2. Kabeji aphids. Lokacin da girma broccoli a fili, bayyanar wannan kwaro zai iya faruwa, don magance abin da ya wajaba don cire hannu aphids hannu.
3. Whitecaps. Inseks sa qwai a kan kasan ganye na kabeji, wanda dole ne a cire shi da hannu. Don tsoratar da man shanu, an bada shawarar yin tuntuɓe a kan kwasho, wanda ya zama dan kadan fiye da kabeji, kullun kwai.