Mene ne autism, menene alamomin yara da kuma tsofaffi masu fama da wannan cututtukan, ana cutar da cutar - tambayoyin da suka shafi yawancin mutane a duniya waɗanda suka sami wannan cuta tare da 'yan uwa. Mai hikima na autism ne kawai rashin ƙarfafa zuciya ga wadanda suke so su ga yaro al'ada da kuma gaisuwa.
Autism - mece ce?
Mene ne autism kuma dalilin da yasa lambar da aka haifa tare da wannan ganewar asali a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya karu sau da yawa - waɗannan karatun suna cikin ilmin halitta da halittun. Akwai tambayoyi fiye da amsoshi. Autism wani cuta ne wanda ke hade da halaye na ci gaba da kwakwalwa a cikin lokaci na intratherine. A rayuwa akwai wasu laifuffuka a cikin hulɗar zamantakewa, daidaitawa da nutsewar autist a kansa.
Menene bambanci tsakanin kasa da ciwo da autism?
Autism - menene wannan cututtuka kuma ta yaya ake danganta da ciwon Down? Wasu sun gaskata cewa wannan hujja ce. Yara-daunyata sun fi dacewa, amma a cikin kashi 10 cikin dari sun zama autistic. Bambancin ciwo na Down daga autism:
- Down syndrome ne mai tsanani cututtukan kwayoyin cuta na trisomy 21 nau'i-nau'i na chromosomes, wakiltar ba biyu da uku chromosomes. Autism - cin zarafin ci gaban kwakwalwa.
- Down syndrome yana da siffofi daban-daban a cikin bayyanar, saboda abin da, yara da cutar yi kama da wannan (ƙananan ƙananan hanci, na uku ido, bude baki, fuska fuska). Ana iya zargin 'yan kwastan na cin zarafin cikin hali.
- Yara da ciwon Down yana fama da lalata. Daga cikin masana'antu, akwai mutane da yawa masu basira da kwarewa ta musamman, rikici yana faruwa tare da cututtuka masu kwakwalwa, rashin kulawa da yara game da jariri, siffofin mai tsanani na autism.
Dalilin Autism
Tsarin autism ko kwayoyin cuta, jinsin basu bada cikakkiyar ma'anar dalilin da yasa cutar ta tasowa tsakanin masu bincike fiye da bambance-bambance, amma akwai dalilan da ke tattare da shi da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da ci gaban cutar:
- raguwa a ci gaba da kwakwalwa a cikin lokaci na intrauterine;
- Gudanar da dukiya;
- cin zarafin matakai na rayuwa;
- cututtuka na mahaifa (toxoplasmosis, rubella) a lokacin daukar ciki;
- maganin alurar riga kafi (ba a tabbatar da shi) ba.
Alamun Autism
Menene autism kuma ta yaya yake bayyana kanta? Mahimmancin autism nan da nan ya janye hankali, amma ana iya gane ganewar asali bayan binciken da jarrabawa da hankali. Mafi sau da yawa, alamun autism ne alamar nunawa ta wasu kwayoyin cuta ko cututtuka, irin su schizophrenia, Down syndrome , epilepsy da schizotypic cuta.
Autism a cikin manya - alamu
Mutum ne mutumin da yake mayar da hankalinsa a kan abubuwa da suka fi dacewa da talakawa. Autism a cikin manya yana nuna kansa daga ƙananan damuwa a cikin matakai na sadarwa, zuwa lalata. Mene ne za'a iya ɗaukatar da autism autism akan:
- Ƙara yawan hankali;
- talauci mara kyau a cikin al'umma da rayuwa mai zaman kanta;
- a hankali ku kiyaye dokoki da ka'idodin da suka halitta;
- rufewa, sau da yawa haɗe tare da ƙwarewar kwarewa.
Alamomin da cike da mahimmanci na rashin lafiya na autistic:
- rashin daidaitowar zamantakewa;
- rashin ikon yin amfani da fasaha na farko na aikin kai;
- dementia.
Autism a cikin yara - alamu
Yarinyar da ke da hankalin yaro ne mutum wanda ya shiga cikin duniya. Kowace hali yana da halaye na musamman da bayyanar rashin lafiya ta kowane mutum, amma akwai alamomi masu alaƙa:
- daga jariri, rashin jin daɗin uwa;
- ba a goyan bayan lambar gani ba;
- yara sukan fara magana sosai da marigayi kuma kadan;
- echolalia;
- fi so in yi wasa da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa ko tare da wasa guda;
- matsanancin tsoro.
A lokacin shekaru 5 zuwa 10, wadannan alamun bayyanar sun fi girma:
- magana tana kunshe da maganganun kalmomin da aka ji daga manya, daga shirye-shiryen talabijin da shirye shiryen radiyo;
- Canja tufafi, sauya hanyar ko halin da ke faruwa a cikin gida yana haifar da tashin hankali;
- Yarinyar yana halin stereotypes.
Tun daga matashi, idan yaron ya zamanto zamantakewar jama'a, wadannan zasu iya kasancewa mai zaman lafiya:
- marmarin neman zaman lafiya;
- Ƙididdigar abubuwan da ke kusa;
- al'ada;
- rikice-rikice masu yawa na zalunci.
Zai yiwu a warkar da autism?
Ko dai ana kula da autism shi ne babban batun iyaye waɗanda bincike da ganewar asali sun tabbatar da ganewar yara. Abin baƙin ciki - ba a bi da shi ba, amma hakan bai zama dalili ba. Dukkan aikin da ya dace don inganta yanayin da yaduwar ɗan yaron ya faɗi a kan iyayen iyaye. Daga ayyukan su: biyan shawarwarin likita, ƙauna, haƙurin haƙuri da kirki ya dogara da cigaban ci gaban mutum na autistic.
Jiyya na Autism
Farfadowa na masana'antu yana gudana dangane da mummunar irin wannan cuta. Anyi amfani da nauyin autism ne tare da taimakon kayan aikin psychotherapy da zamantakewa. Tare da nasara, yin amfani da maganin dabbobi (hippotherapy, dabbar dolphin) - hulɗar autistic tare da dabbobi yana haifar da karfafawa na psyche. A cikin siffofin autism, tare da mummunar cuta, ana amfani da maganin magani.
Medicamentous magani na autism
Mahimmin magani ga autism bai wanzu ba, akwai kawai bayyanar cututtuka, da nufin kawar da bayyanar cututtuka. Ana yin gyare-gyaren da kwayoyi:
- Haloperidol (neuroleptic). Matakan halayyar halayyar hali, rage karfin haɓakawa yana kawar da tashin hankali na motsi, gudanarwa hulɗar zamantakewa na yaro.
- Shirye-shiryen Lithium sun rage hare-haren fushin da halakar haɓakar kansa.
- Fluoxamine, fluoxetine (magunguna masu sintiri na sifa) - ana amfani dashi a cikin jihohi da kuma cututtuka.
Yin maganin autism ta hanyar homeopathy ba a kwance ba, amma a matsayin kayan aiki na kayan aiki an yi amfani da shi. Shirye-shirye na homeopathy a lura da autism:
- Baryta carbonica (Barite carbonica)
- Hellidonium (chelidonium).
Autism - magani tare da magunguna
Sakamakon ganewar autism yana da nauyi mai nauyi, kwance a ƙafar ƙaunata, kuma magani ba shi da karɓa a nan. Magungunan gargajiya na iya zama ƙari ga mahimmancin magani wanda wani gwani ya zaɓi. Yin jiyya tare da ganyayyaki shi ne tabbatar da yanayin jin dadi, saboda wannan, ana amfani da maganin infusions:
- motherwort;
- valerian;
- sikshi Siberian;
- chamomile.
Abinci a Autism
Haka kuma cutar ta autism shine cuta ne ba kawai da tunanin mutum ba, har ma da matakai na rayuwa. Ubannin da ke kula da juna sun lura cewa 'ya'yansu ba su yarda da wasu nau'o'in abinci ba, kuma a lokacin da irin wannan abinci kamar hatsi, soya, madarar maraya an cire daga abinci - yara sun ji daɗi kuma sun fi dacewa da yanayin. Wannan ya haifar da ra'ayin samar da abinci na musamman don magance cututtuka na autistic, saboda haka, dole ne a cire waɗannan abubuwan da suka dace daga abincin:
- casein (aka samo cikin duk abincin kiwo na asali);
- gluten (wani sinadaran dake cikin hatsi, alkama, hatsi da sha'ir);
- aspartame (kayan dadi mai yalwaci wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin burodi, abin sha na carbonated, mai shan taba);
- sodium glutamate (ƙara, inganta dandano samfurin, wanda aka kara da shi).
Wadannan samfurori suna bada shawarar:
- wake (wake, Peas, chickpeas, lentils);
- Cereals wanda ba su dauke da gluten (buckwheat, gero, masara, amaranth);
- nama mai-mai-mai girma;
- kayan lambu iri-iri, 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- kifi;
- soya madara.
Fitaccen fina-finan game da masana'antu
Mutane da yawa masu yin fina-finai da yawa suna tada ra'ayin mutane na musamman a zane-zane. Mene ne autist kuma abin da peculiarities su ne musamman ga irin wannan mutane, za ka iya gano ta hanyar kallon wadannan fina-finai masu ban mamaki:
- "Yunƙurin Mercury / Mercury Rising . " Ambasada Amurka a shekarar 1998 tare da B. Wasis a cikin aikin FBI ma'aikaci, wanda ya kare ɗan yaron Simon, wanda ya bayyana sabon asirin tsarin gwamnati na "Mercury". Saminu yana da shekaru 9 da haihuwa kuma yana aiki da ƙwaƙwalwar tunani tare da ƙididdigarsu da kuma ciphers ba su wakiltar wani matsala a gare shi ba, shi ne mai basirar-autist wanda ya zo karkashin kulawa na ayyukan musamman.
- "Sunana Khan ne. " Fim yana nufin abubuwan da suka faru a shekara ta 2011, lokacin da musulmai suka zama tushen hadari da ta'addanci. Rizvan Khan musulmi ne wanda ke shan wuya daga wani nau'i mai mahimmanci na autism wanda ya kamu da ciwo ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin kowace al'umma da addini akwai mutane masu kirki da kirki.
- Rain Man . Dustin Hoffman a matsayin mai hankali (autist tare da basirar fasaha) tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ƙwarewa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci don samar da ƙididdigar ilmin lissafi, yayin da ya rage a matakin ci gaban kananan yara. Ya ji tsoron tashi da jiragen sama, tun da yake yana tunawa da yawan mutanen da aka kashe a hadarin jirgin sama.
- "Grandin Grand Temple . " Fim din ya dogara ne akan tarihin wani masanin ilimin halitta da masanin ilimin halitta, wanda ya saba wa ganewar "autism", an samu nasara a cikin al'umma.
- Adamu / Adamu . Hotuna game da matsaloli na zamantakewa da mutane tare da rikici da kuma muhimmancin gano aikin su.
Sanannun masana'antu
Wani nau'i mai sauƙi na rashin lafiya autistic zai iya "ba" mutum tare da basira a kowane wuri. Ben Fuskantar da wani mai kula da 'yanci a cikin fim "Payback" ya buga irin wannan jariri mai basira. A cikin hakikanin rai, wannan ya faru ne irin wannan yanayi, yana da wanda aka rasa, ya ba mutumin da wasu damar da kwarewa. A cikin goyon bayan wannan gaskiyar, akwai mutanen da suka baiwa duniya abubuwan da aka gano da kuma abubuwan kirkiro. Mutane masu daraja tare da autism:
- Leonardo da Vinci . Zuciyar mai zane-zane da mai kirkiro ga kammala da ƙaddarawa akan ƙaramin bayanai (lakabi na Mona Lisa ya rubuta ta mashahurin har shekaru 12) ya bada shawara ga wani mutum mai kwalliya a cikinta.
- Kim Kum . Misali na jarrabawar fim din "Man of Rain". Kim an haife shi da ƙwayoyi masu yawa na kwakwalwa. Bayan haka ya nuna cewa yaron yana da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa kuma ya tuna har zuwa 98% na bayanin da aka karanta ko aka gani.
- Haikali Grandin . Bisa ga mahimmancin ganewar asali, wannan masanin kimiyya mai basira ya yi aiki mai yawa da kuma yaɗa labarin abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da ke ciki game da rashin lafiya autistic. Ta kirkiro na'urar da ake kira "hugging" inji, don kwantar da hankalin autists tare da tsabta.
- Lionel Messi . Shahararrun dan wasan na "Barcelona" kuma bisa ga masu sukar dan wasan kwallon kafa mafi kyau a duniya L. Messi yana da autist, wanda ba ya hana shi kasancewa a cikin kasuwancinsa.
- Donna Williams . Abin da yake yaro autism, wani dan wasa mai basira da kuma marubucin marubuta na Australia sun san komai. Yayinda yake yarinya, Donna ya saurara kuma ya yi tunani har sai an gano shi tare da autism.