Aikin zamani na kwarangwal yana cikin shirye-shirye na wasannin Olympic kuma a zamaninmu yana ci gaba da bunkasa. Yana cikin hawan mai wasan daga kankara mai kwance a kan sled. Babban abu a cikin wasan shine gudun tafiya, mai nasara shine mafi sauri.
Menene kwarangwal a wasanni?
An gudanar da wasan kwaikwayo na skeleton ba kamar haka ba. Indiyawan Arewacin Amirka a tsakiyar karni na goma sha tara sun samo asali daga Alps. Ƙarin fasahar ci gaba kamar haka:
- 1892 - An gwada skeletons a kan bobsled.
- 1913 - fitowar ƙungiyar kwarangwal a matakin duniya.
- 1928 - wasan farko a gasar Olympics.
- 1968 - buɗe hanyar farko ta wucin gadi.
- 1982 - gasar zakarun duniya ta farko kuma nan da nan bayansa ya hada da jerin wasannin Olympics.
An yi imani da cewa kwarangwal abu ne mai haɗari. Hanzarta zuwa babban gudunmawar wani lokaci yakan haifar da sakamako mai ban sha'awa. Sabili da haka, an tsara hanyoyi na musamman a cikin nau'i na gutter domin ya sa ya fi wuya a ga wani dan wasan ya soke. Nauyin kaya ba dole ne ya wuce waɗannan iyaka ba:
- maza - 115 kg;
- mata - 92 kg.
Masu wasa za su iya kara yawan nauyi tare da taimakon magunguna, amma wasu sun yi imanin cewa suna tsoma baki tare da motsa jiki mai dadi. Mutumin da yake tafiya a cikin motar ya buƙatar sauke sauri fiye da 100 km / h, kuma ƙananan bambance-bambance sun shafi sakamakon aikin. A cikin rabi na farko na waƙa, mai wasan yana samun sauri, sauran lokaci yana ƙoƙari ya kula da shi kuma ya kiyaye ma'auni. An bayar da nasara a kan yawancin jinsi na yawan marasa amfani.
Skeleton da bobsled - bambanci
Sauran nau'o'in wasanni daban-daban daban-daban da kwarangwal iri ɗaya ne kamar haka: ɗayan kungiya suna kulawa da su kuma waƙa an shirya su ɗaya. Wasannin horo na Olympics suna kama da salon, masu wasa suna hawa kan motsi, in ba haka ba sun bambanta. Wasan kwarangwal yana da nasarorinsa.
- Zane-zane na sleigh yayi kama da kwarangwal, saboda haka sunan. An shimfiɗa launi mai laushi a kan ƙwallon ƙafa guda biyu, wanda ya zame tare da raguwa.
- Mai motsa jiki, bayan watsawa, ya sauka a kan sintirin kuma yana riƙe da hannayensu, yana sarrafa jiki da kafafu.
- A gasar, maza da mata suna rabu. Majalisa suna gudanar da raga biyu a rana ɗaya da hudu a cikin biyu.
Bobsleigh ya bayyana a baya kuma ya fara jerin wasannin Olympics. Sunan da suka samu daga bayyanar sledges, suna da siffar wake. Yana da dokoki nasa, waɗanda basu da kama da kwarangwal.
- Jirgin ya yi kama da wani dako, wanda aka saka a kan jirgin. Suna da wuraren zama na musamman ga ma'aikatan, inda suke tashi a cikin girman kai. Ana sarrafa shi ta gaban gatari.
- A cikin gasar, ko dai wata biyu ko hudu suke shiga.
- Kowace gasar tana wakiltar jinsuna hu] u, kuma wannan} ungiya ce, a cikin ku] a] e, za ta samu raguwar lokaci.
Mene ne bambanci tsakanin tobogganing da kwarangwal?
Harkokin wasanni na hunturu , irin su kwarangwal da luge kuma suna da yawa bambance-bambance. An gabatar da dokoki na sama a sama, amma slinging yana da nasa halaye.
- 'Yan wasa sun fadi a kan motar da ƙafafun su gaba.
- Ana yin alkawurra a cikin gado, tare da kwararru na musamman domin 'yan wasan za su ci gaba da gudanar da su.
- Idan muka gangara, dan wasan ba ya ganin inda yake zuwa kuma ya canza yanayin tare da taimakon jikinsa.
Dokokin gasar suna kamar haka:
- namiji;
- mace;
- daidaitawa;
- umurnin.
Menene masu fafatawa a cikin kwarangwal?
Ƙungiyoyi sune muhimmin ma'anar wannan wasanni. An yi su ne kawai kamar yadda ya dace idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu daga biathlon ko kuma masu boye. Tilashin filaye da aka yi da filastik ko itace yana haske kuma baya wuce kilo 22. Bukatun hukuma:
- tsawon daga 80 zuwa 120 cm;
- nauyi tare da kaya ga maza ba fiye da 43 kg ba;
- ga mata - 35 kg;
- girman tsakanin masu gudu yana daga 34 zuwa 38 cm.
Kowace samfurin ana zaɓa daban-daban na daban-daban na mutane. Sleds ga kwarangwal ba sauki kayan wasanni ba, da kuma ci gaba da kayan aiki, saboda har ma ga mafi kyauta gasa da 'yan wasa ba zai ci gaba da sauran mutane model. Tsawon su dole ne su dace da tsayin mutum, kuma makamin yana cikin wuri mafi dacewa. Don ana ba da shawara ga mutane su dauki ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu kyau, don saukaka lokacin hawa.
Kwan zuma - sarrafawa
Kayan kayan aiki na kwarangwal ba yana nufin jagorancin ba. Ƙungiyoyi ba su da kyau kuma dan wasan ya canza yanayin tare da taimakon hanyoyin da ba a inganta ba. Zaka iya yin wannan a hanyoyi da dama, babban abu shine a rarraba nauyin jiki:
- slopes na jiki;
- yatsun takalma;
- hannayensu.
Speed a kwarangwal
Kowane dan takara yana so ya bugi Alexander Tretyakov, wanda ya karu a 146.4 km / h. Kwanan gudun mita na kwarangwal yanzu yanzu kimanin 110 km / h, amma wadanda suka yi a duniya da kuma gasar Olympic sun kusan kalla. Babu iyaka ga kammala kuma dubban 'yan wasan suna ƙoƙarin kama Alexander da kuma wannan lokaci, har ma da gasa da yawa tare da abubuwan horo.
Kayan aiki don kwarangwal
Clothing don wannan wasanni ba ma bambancin ba. Ba a kafa dokoki don sayensa ba, don haka mai neman ya zabi abin da ya dace da lafiyarsa.
- Kayan ado shi ne babban halayen iska da ke da wutar lantarki wanda yake da karfin gaske, amma ba ma ba shi da amfani.
- Ƙafafar takalma don kwarangwal mai wahala ne kuma mai dorewa. Yana da spikes don daidaita yanayin da juyawa.
- Babban kwalkwali don kwarangwal, tare da kariya ta musamman.