Magungunan cytotoxic wani rukuni ne na kwayoyi wanda aikinsa yana nufin hanawa ko hanawa hanyoyin tafiyar da kwayar halitta da kuma ci gaban haɗin gwanon haɗi.
Yaushe ne aka ba da umarnin cytostatics?
Babban sashe na aikace-aikace da kwayoyi a tambaya shi ne maganin ciwon ƙwayar cutar ciwon daji wanda ke nuna mummunar ciwon sikila (ciwon daji, cutar sankarar bargo , lymphomas, da dai sauransu).
Hakanan, sakamakon kwayoyi a cikin wannan rukuni suna ƙarƙashin hanzari na rarraba kwayoyin jikinsu na kasusuwa na fata, fata, jikin mucous, epithelium na fili na gastrointestinal. Wannan yana ba da damar yin amfani da cytostatics kuma a cikin cututtuka na asibiti (rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, lupus nephritis, cututtuka na Goodpasture, tsarin lupus erythematosus, da sauransu).
A matsayin wani ɓangare na farfadowa, magungunan cytotoxic za a iya gudanar da su ta hanyar magana ta hanyar baki, irin su allunan, capsules, ko kuma injections (intravenous, intra-arterial, intraluminal, intrabilitreal). Yayin da ake yin magani ya tabbatar da mummunan cutar, inganci da jurewa da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Jerin kwayoyin cytotoxic
Cytostatics an ƙayyade don manufar yin umarni, kuma wannan ƙayyadaddun tsari ne, saboda da yawa kwayoyi na wannan rukuni na da nau'i na musamman na aikin kuma suna da tasiri game da daban-daban siffofin m ciwace-ciwacen daji. Ga jerin sunayen sunayen kwayoyin cytotoxic:
1. Alkylating kwayoyi:
- alkylsulfonates (Busulfan, Treosulfan);
- ethylenimines (Thiotepa);
- ƙayyade na nitrosureas (Nimustine, Lomustine, Carmustine, Mystophoran, Streptozotocin);
- chloroethylamines (Chlorambucil, Ifosfamide, Bendamustine, Cyclophosphamide, Melphalan, Trophosphamide).
2. Alkaloids na asalin asali:
- podophyllotoxins (Teniposide, Etoposide);
- taxanes (docetaxel, paclitaxel);
- vinaalkaloids (Vindesin, Vincristine, Vinblastine, Vinorelbine).
3. Antimetabolites:
- wadanda suka hada da folic acid (Ralitrexed, Methotrexate);
- Masu satar kaya (Cladribine, Fludarabine, Pentostatin, Thioguanine);
- antagonists na pyrimidine (cytarabine, capecitabine, gemcitabine, fluorouracil).
4. Antibiotics tare da aikin antitumor:
- anthracyclines (Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone);
- wasu maganin rigakafin antitumoral (mitomycin, bleomycin, plikamycin, dactinomycin).
5. Wasu cytostatics:
- samfurin camptothecin (Irinotecan, Topotecan);
- ƙayyade na platinum (Cisplatin, Carboplatin, Oxaliplatin);
- wasu (Temozolomide, Altrethamine, Estramustine, Amsacrine, L-asparaginase, Dacarbazine, Hydroxycarbamide, Procarbazine).
6. Monoclonal antibodies (Trastuzumab, Ederkolomab, Rituximab).
7. Hanyoyin hormones masu ciwon sukari:
- antiandrogens (cyproterone acetate, bicalutamide, flutamide);
- progestins (Medroxyprogesterone acetate, Megestrol acetate);
- estrogens (Polyestradiol, Phosphastrol);
- antiestrogens (Toremifene, Tamoxifen, Droloxifene);
- masu cin zarafin aromatase (Anastrozol, Formestan, Exemestane).
- LH-RH agonists (Gocerelin, Buserelin, Leiprolein acetate, Tryptorelin).
Cytotoxic jamiái don pancreatitis
A cikin cututtuka mai tsanani, ana iya amfani da cytostatics (misali, fluorouracil) don magani. Hanyar aiwatar da wadannan kwayoyi suna hade da hakin su na hana aikin jinƙai na kwayoyin pancreatic.
Hanyoyin Hanyoyi na Cytostatics
Hanyoyi masu illa a cikin maganin cytostatics sune:
- asarar gashi;
- zawo;
- anorexia ;
- Nausea;
- vomiting;
- ciwon kai;
- kasawar tsoka;
- cin zarafin dan lokaci;
- rashin haihuwa;
- ci gaban cutar sankarar bargo, da dai sauransu.