Wanene, a gaskiya, matasa? Wadannan suna girma yara. Ko a'a - maturing. Kuma tare da tsufa, manyan matsaloli na matashi sun haɗa. Halin jiki, tunanin mutum, halin kirki, ci gaban zamantakewa, da rashin alheri, ba ya ci gaba, kuma wannan rashin ci gaban ya haifar da rikice-rikice na hankali, saboda haka halayyar yara masu shekaru 11-17.
Menene ya faru a aikin? Yarinyar yaron yana jin da hankali da matuƙar jiki da kuma bukatar da yake da shi da kuma iya fahimtar bayanai. Ya ji cewa a cikin wadannan bayyanar ya kusanta ga manya, kuma yana so ya daidaita da su a wuri-wuri. Amma saboda halin rashin lafiya da zamantakewa, wani matashi bai iya ganewa ba, banda hakkoki, yana da alhaki.
Yin amfani da sha'awar matasa don kare hakkokinsu a ko'ina kuma a ko'ina, kwararru daga fannoni masu dacewa (likitoci, masana kimiyya, da dai sauransu) ya haifar da dukkanin kungiyoyi: dukkanin cibiyoyi don taimakon shari'a ga kananan yara. Kuma wannan ba mummunar ba ne, idan dai masu sana'a na gaske suna aiki a can suna son taimakawa sosai. In ba haka ba, wasu lokuta yakan zo ga abubuwan ban mamaki, kamar, alal misali, karar da malaman makaranta ke "sa" ɗaliban tsabta a cikin aji.
Yaya za a bayyana bayanin nauyin yaran?
To, idan kun fahimci cewa yaronku yaron ya san hakkokinsa sosai, yayin da yake watsi da aikinsu, lokaci yayi da za a bayyana masa dangantaka tsakanin 'yanci da alhakin ɗan yaro. Idan gargajiya, "kakan" yana nufin misalai da faxin ("ƙaunar tafiya" - ƙauna da motsa jiki don ɗauka ") ba su taimaka ba, kokarin yin magana game da wannan dangantaka akan misalin tsarin jihar. Teenagers kamar gaskiya da kowane "mai kaifin baki" bayani. Faɗa wa "'yan tawayen" game da daidaituwa (haɗa kai) na hakkoki da ayyukan da ke aiki a duk jihohin demokraɗiyya - za ka iya karanta shi a cikin kowane littafi kan dokar tsarin mulki. Bayyana cewa kowane mutum - ba kawai wani matashi ba, amma wanda ya tsufa - yana da, tare da hakkoki, nauyi. Kuma a hanyar, manya suna da nauyin alhakin fiye da matasa.
Fara wannan tattaunawa, kauce wa intonations. Ka gaya mini cewa kana so ka fahimci, kuma wace hakkoki da halayen ɗan adam yanzu yana da sabo. Yi nazari tare da waɗannan takardun shari'a, alal misali, Bayani da Yarjejeniyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya game da Hakkin Dan (1959 da 1989). Ta hanyar, littafi na farko ya nuna cewa duk mutumin da bai kai shekaru 18 yana yaro ba. Don haka, kamar yadda ake gani, dukan duniya sun gaskata cewa matashi har yanzu yaro ne. Karatu jerin sunayen hakkoki, kada ku kasance da jinkiri don yadawa ga kowa da kowa, ku tambayi yaron yadda yake tunani, wannan hakkin ya mutunta shi ko a'a. Wata kila, riga a wannan mataki za ku koyi abubuwa da yawa don kanku.
To, yanzu zaku iya ci gaba da tambayar abin da yarinyar ke da shi. A nan, ba shakka, aikinku yana da wuyar gaske ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa babu wani takardun doka wanda ya bayyana nauyin nauyin yara da matasa. Duk da haka, waɗannan ayyukan suna fitowa a cikin dokoki dabam-dabam, wanda za'a iya samuwa a yanar-gizo. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:
- Wajibi don karɓar ilimi na yau da kullum, watau. kammala karatun sakandare 9 (wanda aka rubuta a cikin Dokar "A Ilimi");
- wajibi ne a zama dan kasa mai bin doka; Kada ku aikata laifuka, laifuka, wasu ayyukan da za su iya cutar da wasu mutane, kada su yi amfani ko ɗaukar makamai, ciki har da knuckwheels, boomerangs, wutsiyoyi masu linzami da zubar da jini (wanda aka rubuta a cikin Dokar Gudanarwa da Laifin Laifin Laifin Laifi);
- wajibi ne a girmama mutuncin wasu, wato. don yin amfani da hakkinsu ba tare da nuna bambanci ga bukatun wasu (wanda aka tsara a Tsarin Mulki) ba.
Ayyukan wani matashi a cikin iyali
Shaida da takardun shari'a suna da kyau, amma lokaci ya yi da za a ci gaba da aiki tare da kuma magana game da nauyin da wani matashi a gida yake. Ba za mu ba da jerin sunayen ayyuka na musamman ba - wannan ba lallai ba ne. Zai kasance isa ya lissafa dokoki na asali waɗanda nauyin nauyin yarinya suke ƙarƙashin, kuma ba su da yawa daga cikinsu:
- girmama al'amuran iyali, mutunta mutuncin dangi;
- tsaftace bayan kanka;
- don kare dukiyar iyali;
- taimaka lokacin da aka tambaye shi idan babu dalilin da ya dace na ƙi.
Gida, iyali - wannan shine wuri na farko inda yaro ya koya don sadarwa da hulɗa da wasu mutane. A kan yadda ake haɓaka dangantaka tsakanin yaro da danginsa, hanyar da mutane za su ji kewaye da shi zai dogara ne akan rayuwarsa. Idan iyali ya mutunta juna, yin aikin halayya ya cika aikinsu, idan yanayi na hadin gwiwa tare da taimakon juna yana mulki, to, yaron ya girma a cikin wannan iyali, kamar yadda suke faɗa, "ba zai lalace" a rayuwa ba.