Tsarin tayi na embryonic

Lokaci da aka sanya shi ga kwayoyin halitta don ganin tsarin kwayoyin ya kasance ana kira postembryonic ko postnatal (ga mutum) lokacin ci gaba. Ya fara da lokacin haihuwar kuma ya ƙare tare da mutuwa, kuma tsawon lokaci ya dogara da nau'in jinsuna, salon rayuwa, yanayi na waje da wasu dalilai.

A cikin 'yan'uwanmu' yan uwa da mutane, lokacin ci gaba na postembryonic ya ƙunshi matakai uku:

1. Yara. Wannan shine mataki na farko - an tsara shi daga lokaci zuwa haihuwa zuwa haihuwa, tare da ci gaba mai girma, ƙaddarar ƙarshe na dukkanin kwayoyin halitta da tsarin, kuma zai iya ci gaba da hanyoyi daban-daban. Musamman ma, wasu nau'o'i biyu na ci gaba na postembryonic sun bambanta: kai tsaye da kai tsaye. Idan wani jariri yana kama da wanda ya tsufa ta hanyar alamu na waje da kuma siffofin tsarin tafiyar da ilimin lissafi, to wannan shine ci gaba da ci gaba. A cikin yanayin ci gaban kai tsaye, kwayar halitta ta kasance ƙarƙashin samuwa.
2. Yarinya, ko lokacin balaga. Wannan yana daya daga cikin matakai mafi tsawo na ci gaba na postembryonic, lokacin da jiki zai iya haifuwa.
3. Matar. Yanayin karshe na rayuwa, wanda ya ƙare da mutuwa ko tilasta mutuwa.

Hanyoyin da ake ciki na zamani na ɗan adam

Tsarin da tsarin jikin dan kadan an kafa a cikin mahaifiyar mahaifiyarsa, a nan yaron yana karɓar kayan kwayoyin halitta, wanda shine ainihin mahimmancin ci gabanta. Lokacin da ke cikin intrauterine yana da matakai na kansa, kowannensu yana ɓoye da yawan canje-canje.

Alal misali, a cikin watan biyu na ciki jaririn ta zama kamar tsufa, ko da yake girmansa bai wuce 3 mm ba, kuma kasancewa a waje da mahaifiyarsa ba zai yiwu ba. A lokacin haihuwar nauyin jariri ya kai 3-4 kg, tsawo yana da 45-55 cm, kuma tsarin da ke tabbatar da aikin da ke da muhimmanci na jiki sun riga sun shirya don aiki mai zaman kansa.

A yayin ganin jariri, ya zama fili cewa hanya na ci gaba da haihuwa zai kasance kai tsaye. Tun lokacin da balagar ya bambanta daga balagagge ne kawai a cikin yanayin jiki da kuma rashin ƙarancin wasu tsarin.

An kammala nazarin zamani na ci gaban mutum, a matsayin mai hankali, kuma an raba shi zuwa:

1. Yawan jariri yana da kwanaki goma bayan haihuwa. A wannan lokacin, jaririn yana ciyarwa mafi yawan yini a cikin mafarki, kuma don cike da ci gaba da ci gaba yana buƙatar nono madara.
2. Tsawon lokacin - daga kwanaki 10 zuwa shekara. A wannan lokacin, crumb yana haifar da babbar tsinkaye a cikin tunani da kuma ci gaban jiki. A ƙarshen shekara ta farko na rayuwa, yawancin yara sun riga suna tsaye a tsaye, suna cin abinci mai yawa, kalmomi na farko sun faɗi.
3. Yaranta shine shekaru 1-3. A cikin yara, daidaituwa na ƙungiyoyi sun inganta, sun sami damar tsara tunanin da bukatunsu a hankali da kuma daidaitawa, suna ƙara ma'anar kalmomin, suna sha'awar duniya.
4. Na farko yara yana shekaru 4-7. "Rediyo Kryuchochki" watsa shirye-shiryen a kowane lokaci - ɗan yaron ba zai huta ba har sai ya sami amsa ga tambayar da ake tambaya, kuma wannan ya fito da yawa.
5. Yara na biyu shine shekaru 8-12. Yara a wannan zamani suna da ikon canza yanayin hoton duniya, akwai ƙaddamarwar aikin motar.
6. Yawan shekarun matasa shine shekaru 13-16. Hanyoyin jima'i za a fara samuwa, dangane da abin da yake, akwai canje-canje mai mahimmanci a cikin jikin yaron, ta jiki da kuma tunanin mutum.
7. Yawan matasan shekaru 17-21 ne. Yanayin kwayar ƙwayar halitta tana kusa da irin wannan balagar.
8. Zamu cika shekaru 22-60. A wannan zamani, an kafa dukkanin tsarin, ci gaba ya ƙare, kuma mutumin ya shiga lokacin haihuwa.
9. Yawan tsofaffi yana da shekaru 61-74. Yawancin alamomi na waje waɗanda suka nuna alamar jikin.
10. Zamanin lokaci shine shekaru 75-90.
11. Long-livers - fiye da shekaru 90.