Magunguna na Creutzfeldt-Jakob sun bayyana lafiyar wasu masana kimiyyar Jamus guda biyu, wadanda aka kira sunayensu da cutar, tun farkon karni na 20. Kodayake tun lokacin wannan lokaci ya wuce fiye da karni, ba a taɓa gano maganin cutar ba. Masana kimiyya sun iya gano magungunan wannan cututtukan - wani mummunar rikici, amma ba zai iya koyi yadda za a magance shi ba.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob cuta - menene shi?
Creutzfeldt-Jakob prion cuta tasowa sakamakon sakamakon maye gurbin da kwayar halittar mutum ta haifar, furotin prion. An yi imanin cewa tushen wannan sunadarai ne shanu, amma sabon bincike ya nuna cewa cutar tana faruwa ne ba tare da wata hanya ba. Masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa cutar ta KHH (ƙuƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta) tana cigaba, kuma an lura da sababbin cututtuka. A shekarun 1990s, an rubuta lokuta na tallafin wannan cututtukan, wanda ake kira ƙwayar cuta.
A baya can, cutar ta shafi mutane fiye da shekaru 65, amma yanzu akwai lokuta na lalacewa ga matasa. Kwayar cuta ta ci gaba da rinjayar kwakwalwa, wanda sakamakon abin da hankali yake ciki da kuma halin mutum zai fara shan wahala a cikin mutum. Rashin ciwon lalacewa yana haifar da karuwa a cikin bayyanar cututtuka, maganganun maganganu, sutura da paresis na ƙaran ƙwayoyin. Hakan na cutar shi ne coma da mutuwa. Bayan kamuwa da cuta, mutum yana rayuwa fiye da shekaru biyu. Zuwan rai na tsawon rai ga lalacewar prion shine watanni 8.
Cutar Creutzfeldt-Jakob - wakili mai motsi
Kwayar satar saniya ta haifar da sinadarin furotin mutant. Shirya yana kasancewa cikin jiki, amma yana da tsarin daban. Furotin da ke da hasara wanda ya fito daga waje ba ya mutuwa a jikin mutum, amma yana fitowa daga jini zuwa kwakwalwa. A nan ne ya fara hulɗa da prisons na mutum, wanda zai haifar da canji a tsarin su. Jigilar cutar ta haifar da takaddama a kan igiyoyi, bayan da neuron ya rushe.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob cuta - hanyar kamuwa da cuta
Masana kimiyya sun bambanta irin hanyoyin kamuwa da kamuwa da cututtukan Creutzfeldt-Jakob:
- sashi na kamuwa da cutar bovine da ke dauke da kwayoyin jini;
- transfusion na jini gurbata;
- watsawa na kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar kayan aiki masu tsabta;
- cin mummunan sarrafa kwayoyin shanu, tumaki, awaki.
Cututtuka na Creutzfeldt-Jakob - haddasawa
Sakamakon ilimin halitta na Creutzfeldt-Jakob ba a kafa shi ba. Kodayake ana karɓar suturar dangogin waje daga waje (sau da yawa daga dabba), akwai wasu ra'ayoyin. Daya daga cikin ka'idoji shine zaton cewa dan Adam ya canza, saboda wani dalili, ya fara canza kotu kusa da shi, wanda zai haifar da shan kashi na tsarin daban-daban na kwakwalwa.
Mutagenic prions tare da Creutzfeldt-Jakob cutar fara aiki a kan organism shirya. Sun hana tantanin halitta daga aikinta, ta hana matakan da ke faruwa a ciki. A sakamakon sakamakon jini, tantanin halitta ya mutu. Kwayoyin da ke kewaye da kwayoyin halitta, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna ci gaba, wanda yawancin enzymes ke shiga. Wadannan abubuwa suna tsangwama tare da aikin kwayoyin lafiya, hakan yana kara lalacewa ga tsarin kwakwalwa.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob cuta - bayyanar cututtuka
Mace da raguwa a cikin mutanen da alamun sun dogara ne akan wurin da launi na farko suka nuna kanta:
- damuwa, irritability;
- ciwon kai, dizziness ;
- matsalolin barci;
- lalacewar hangen nesa;
- rashin tausayawa, rashin aiki;
- ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ;
- rage libido;
- farfadowa ko tsoro;
- delirium ko hallucinations;
- matsaloli da magana;
- sassan layi, rashin ƙarfi yayin motsi.
A karo na biyu, ƙwayar cuta maras lafiya, wanda alamunta ya karu, alamu sun nuna su:
- Jiga-jita ;
- rashin lafiya;
- asarar magungunan tsoka, gaji;
- lalata;
- maganganu mai tsanani;
- cututtuka na psychiatric.
Matsayin m shine halin da ke tattare da bayyanar cututtuka:
- jihar sujada;
- asarar iko na gabobin pelvic;
- rashin haɗiyewa;
- cikakken inna;
- coma.
Kreutzfeldt-Jakob cuta - ganewar asali
Don tabbatar da ganewar asali yana buƙatar cikakken hoto na hoto, wanda aka tabbatar da bayanan instrumental. A wannan yanayin, likita, lokacin tattara wani majijin, ya gano inda yankin masu lafiya ke ciki, ko akwai alaƙa da shanu. Yana da muhimmanci a gano dukkanin alamar da alamar da mai haƙuri ya yi. Ana kulawa da hankali ga matsalolin da hangen nesa, halayyar tunani da motsa jiki.
Bayanai na kayan aiki sun haɗa da sakamakon irin wannan binciken:
- EEG (electroencephalogram) - za a rage aiki tare da rawanuka mai zurfi ko pseudoperiodic.
- PET na kwakwalwa.
- Cutar Creutzfeldt-Jakob, MRI wanda aka yi da yanayin T2, an gano shi a cikin binciken ta abin da ake kira "alamar saƙar zuma" - wuraren da alamar haɗakarwa.
- Lumbar puncture don nazarin cerebrospinal ruwa.
- Biopsy stereotoxic na kwakwalwa, wanda ya ba da dama don gano kwayar cututtuka.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob cuta - magani
Tun da har yanzu babu wani dalilin da ya faru na cutar, babu wani maganin da aka samu akan shi. Samun rigakafi na shanu da mutane ba su kawo sakamakon da ake so ba. Kada ku yi aiki a kan kwayoyin jini da antiviral. Masu binciken sun fahimci yadda za a tsawanta rayuwar kamuwa da kwayoyin cutar, amma wannan karamin mataki ne kawai a cikin bincike don magani mai mahimmanci. A halin yanzu, rashin lafiyar mahaukaciyar ƙwayar cuta a cikin mutane ana bi da shi ne kawai. An umurci mai hakuri da yin amfani da kwayoyi da kuma maganin antiepileptic.