Beta-blockers ana kiransa da kwayoyi wanda zai iya yin dan lokaci akan beta-adrenergic receptors. Wadannan kuɗi an fi sau da yawa lokacin da:
- farfajiya na zuciya arrhythmia;
- da buƙata ta hana ƙetare cin zarafi na mikewa ;
- magani na hauhawar jini.
Mene ne masu karɓar beta-adrenergic?
Masu karɓar beta-adrenergic su ne masu karɓa wanda ke amsawa da adrenaline da noradrenaline kuma an raba kashi uku:
- β1 - yawanci a cikin zuciya, kuma tare da motsawar su akwai karuwa a cikin ƙarfin da kuma yawan rikice-rikice na zuciya, karfin jini ya tashi; Har ila yau, masu karɓar β1-adrenergic sun kasance a cikin kodan kuma sun kasance masu karɓa na kayan aiki na kusa-lobe;
- β2 - masu karɓa, waɗanda aka samo su a cikin bronchioles kuma suna karfafa girman su da kawar da bronchospasm; Har ila yau, wadannan masu karɓar suna a kan kwayoyin kogin, kuma haɗarsu ta hanyar hormones na inganta yaduwar glycogen (ajiye polysaccharide) da kuma sakin glucose cikin jini;
- β3 - an gano shi a cikin adipose nama, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar hormones ke kunna gurguntaccen ƙwayoyin cuta, haifar da siginar makamashi da ƙara yawan ƙarar zafi.
Ƙayyade da lissafin beta-blockers
Dangane da abin da beta-blockers ke shawo kan masu karɓa, haifar da katangewarsu, waɗannan kwayoyi sun kasu kashi biyu.
Masu zabi (cardioselective) beta-blockers
Ayyukan wadannan kwayoyi sune zaɓaɓɓu kuma an umurce su don hana haɗarin masu karɓa na β1-adrenergic (kada su shafi masu β2-receptors), tare da yawan cututtuka na zuciya:
- rage a cikin karfi na contractions na zuciya;
- rage yawan zuciya;
- kawar da motsa jiki ta hanyar kumburi mai haɗakar daji;
- rage yawancin zuciya.
Wannan kungiya ta ƙunshi irin waɗannan kwayoyi:
- Atenolol (Athenoben, Mawallafi, Hypoten, Tenolol, da sauransu);
- Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Coronale, Bisogamma, da sauransu);
- betaxolol (Glaoks, Kerlon, Lokren, Betoptik, da sauransu);
- metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, da dai sauransu);
- Nebivolol (Binelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
- talinolol (Cordanum);
- esmolol (Breviblock).
Masu beta-blockers marasa zaɓi
Wadannan magungunan zasu iya toshe duka β1 da β2-adrenoreceptors, suna da antihypertensive, anti-fushi, antiarrhythmic da membrane-stabilizing action. Wadannan magungunan sun haifar da karuwa a cikin sauti na bronchi, sauti na arterioles, sautin mahaifa, da kuma ci gaba da jigilar kwayoyin halitta.
Wannan ya hada da wadannan kwayoyi:
- propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, Indiaral, da dai sauransu);
- bopindolol (Sandinorm);
- Levobunolol (Wistagen);
- Tsayawa (Korgard);
- Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
- ovonol (Vistagan);
- pindolol (Vickin, Viscaldix);
- sotalol (Sotagexal, Sotalex).
- timolol (Ƙara, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, da dai sauransu).
Beta-blockers na sabuwar ƙarni
Shirye-shirye na sababbin, na uku, ƙarni suna nuna ƙarin kayan haɓaka ta hanyar ƙaddamar da masu karɓan haɓakar haɓaka. Jerin beta-blockers na yau da kullum sun haɗa da:
- carvedilol (Acridilol, Vedicardol, Carvedigamma, Rekardium, da dai sauransu);
- celiprolol (Tselipres);
- bucindolol.
Don bayyana fasalin magungunan beta-blockers tare da tachycardia, yana da daraja a lura cewa a cikin wannan yanayin, ƙwayoyin da suka fi dacewa don taimakawa rage ƙwayar zuciya,
Contraindications ga yin amfani da beta-blockers
Babban contraindications ga wadannan kwayoyi ne:
- mashayanci fuka;
- low jini;
- ciwo na rauni na kuskuren sinus;
- pathology na arteries;
- bradycardia;
- ciwon zuciya na cardiogenic ;
- Ƙararren dan adam na biyu ko na uku.