Yana da alama cewa wata daya yana da ɗan gajeren lokacin, amma ga yaro yana da alamar rayuwa, alama ce ta wasu canje-canje masu muhimmanci, da sayen sababbin ƙwarewa. Lokacin da yaron ya kasance wata daya, ya kamata iyaye su yi ƙoƙari ba kawai su kula da shi ba, amma kuma su ci gaba da kwarewarsa ta jiki da kuma tunani.
1 wata don yaro - nauyi da tsawo
Daya daga cikin manyan al'amurran da suka damu kusan dukkanin iyaye mata suna da alaka da yawan jarirai a cikin watanni na fari. Idan a cikin makon farko mafi rinjaye na ƙananan yara sun rasa nauyin (kimanin 10%), wanda shine saboda kasancewar ƙarin samar da ruwa a cikin jiki lokacin da ya zo ga haske, sa'an nan kuma a nan gaba zata fara kafa tsarin jiki. A tsawon makonni 3-4 na rayuwa a karkashin yanayin kulawa da kyau, abinci mai gina jiki da kuma rashin nau'o'in pathologies, nauyin ya karu da hanzari - kowace rana don 15-30 g.
Yaya yawan yaron ya yi nauyi a cikin watanni daya ya dogara da nauyin farko a lokacin haihuwarsa, wanda ya ƙaru a tsawon kwanaki 30 da kusan 600-1000 g, wani lokacin dan kadan. Ya kamata a lura cewa tare da ciyar da jarirai da sauri ba da daɗewa ba. Bisa ga ka'idodin Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya, nauyin nauyin yaro a wata daya shine:
- ga 'yan mata - 4,2 kg;
- don yara maza - 4,5 kg.
Amma game da girma da jarirai mai wata guda, wannan ƙarar ta ƙaru da kashi 3-4.5, kuma ana daukar ƙananan ka'idodi a matsayin:
- ga 'yan mata - 53.7 cm;
- ga yara maza - 54.7 cm.
Watanni 1 zuwa - ci gaba
Kwayar juyayi na kullun yana har yanzu a mataki na farko na samuwar, amma ya riga ya sani da yawa, kuma ci gaba da yaron a cikin watanni daya yana ci gaba da sauri. Yana da muhimmanci ma iyaye su gane cewa jarirai guda daya suna cikakken mahalarta a duk abin da ke faruwa kuma suna kula da tunanin da ke faruwa a kusa da su. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa idan mahaifiyar da ke da farin ciki, mai farin ciki da uba kusa da ita, yaron yana jin dadi, kuma idan wani ya yi fushi da fushi, jariri ya damu, yana kuka.
Menene yarinya zai iya yi a wata daya?
Don ƙwaƙwalwa don daidaitawa a duniya da kuma shirya don ƙwarewar motsa jiki, yanayi ya ba shi mahimmiyar mahimmanci. A cikin jariri mai kyau, an bayyana su sosai, kuma idan ana so, iyaye za su iya duba su (yayinda yaron bai kamata ya ji yunwa ba, ya gaji, ya sha). Bari muyi la'akari da ainihin abin da ke tattare da yaron a cikin wata daya:
- Sucker - idan jariri ya shiga bakin wani abu (jariri, kan nono), ya fara yin gyaran ƙwayoyi na rhythmic.
- Binciken - tare da taba mai laushi zuwa kunci da sasannin bakin crumbs, sai ya janye soso mai tsami kuma ya fara neman ƙirjin mahaifiyarsa.
- Babban mawuyacin hali - idan jaririn ya kwanta tare da ciki, sai ya juya kai kansa gaba daya.
- Tsinkaya - jaririn ya sanya hannunsa a hannunsa kuma ya riƙe hannun yatsa, ya sa a cikin hannunsa.
- Fuskatuwar motsa jiki - lokacin da ka taɓa ƙwanƙirin jaririn da hannunka a cikin matsayi a kan tumɓir, zai yi ƙoƙarin tserewa, kamar dai yin ƙoƙari na ɓoyewa.
- Sakamakon "ta atomatik" - yayin da yake riƙe da ɓaɓɓuka a tsaye da kuma kusantar da ƙafafunsa zuwa goyon baya mai ƙarfi, zai sanya ƙungiyoyi tare da ƙafafunsa kamar tafiya.
Yin la'akari da halayyar jariri a watanni na farko na rayuwa, wanda zai iya koya don fahimtar bukatunsa da sha'awarsa. Yin kuka har yanzu shine hanya ɗaya don sadarwa tare da manya, amma iyaye na kusa iya lura cewa ba koyaushe ba, amma yana da daban-daban, ƙarar da sauransu. Don haka, idan yaro ba ya ganin kowa a kusa, amma yana buƙatar sadarwa, yana jin kunya, muryarsa yana nuna abin sauti don 'yan gajeren lokaci tare da ƙarami kaɗan. Shan wahala yana kuka sau da yawa sau da yawa da ƙarfi, kuma yana kuka daga jin zafi yana da tsinkaye, ba tare da katsewa ba, tare da ƙarfafawa na tsawa.
Mene ne yara da yawa sun sani a wannan zamani:
- Kula da kai a kan nauyin kima kaɗan yayin da kake motsawa zuwa tumakin;
- amsa zuwa sautin murya (ƙwaƙwalwa ko flinches a sauti mai ma'ana, sauraron muryar kararrawa, ya juya kai ga sauti);
- amince da muryar mahaifiyata;
- yayin ciyarwa, don mayar da hankali ga fuskar mahaifiyar, don la'akari da abubuwa masu motsi da sannu-sannu a nesa na 20-30 cm;
- bambanta haske mai launin launuka;
- yin murmushi, ganin fuskoki masu kyau;
- gwada sake maimaita maganganun fuska na "aboki";
- ka ce "gurgling", snotty da kuma saututtuka na guttural, "amsa" zuwa ga roƙo zuwa gare shi.
A lokacin tashin hankali, crumb yana aiki da ƙungiyoyi marasa daidaituwa tare da hannayensu da ƙafafunsu, wanda ke haɗuwa da hypertonia na jiki na ƙwayoyinsa, sau da yawa ɓacewa ta watanni na huɗu na rayuwa. Matsayi mai dadi a cikin mafarki shi ne "frog na zana" - kwance a bayansa, ƙuƙwalwar hannuwan da aka tashe shi, kafafu kafafu sun watsu. Lokacin da jariri ya kwanta a cikin ciki, gwiwoyinsa sun jawo cikin kirji, da hannayensu suna karyewa a gefe.
Wasan yara don yara cikin watanni daya
Lokacin da yaro ya juya wata daya, zai cigaba da bunkasa ƙwarewar tunaninsa da kuma basirar motar ta hanyar wasan kwaikwayo. Ya kamata ya kasance mai lafiya da abubuwa masu amfani, ƙaddamar da jin dadi mai kyau, hangen nesa da hangen nesa:
- wani carousel na inji, a haɗe zuwa ɗakin ajiya, tare da kiɗa mai laushi da ƙananan nau'i daban-daban na wasan kwaikwayo na launuka masu laushi;
- rattles da za a iya gudanar a cikin rike;
- mundaye masu launin laushi a kan kara ko rike;
- kayan wasa, a haɗe da nauyin roba (launi da baki da fari).
A hannun jariran, zaka iya sanya kananan kayan wasan kwaikwayo, cords da knots, ribbons. Ana zane a cikin kwallin baki da fari na siffar geometric, murmushi ko bakin ciki, yana da amfani don ba shi damar duba irin waɗannan hotuna. Bugu da ƙari, yana da mahimmanci a wannan shekarun don gaya wa kullun rassan , kundin gandun daji , takaice, raira waƙa. Ya zama wajibi ne a ɗauka a hannunka, magana, sharhi kan ayyukanka, suna abubuwa a kusa.
Abincin yara cikin watanni daya
Ciyar da jaririn wata daya shine muhimmiyar al'ada, wajibi ne ba kawai don jinƙansa ba, amma har ma don kusantar da hankali da mahaifiyarta, wadda ta ba da jaririn ta'aziyya da tausayi. Ba tare da wata shakka ba, mafi amfani shine nonoyar jaririn mai wata, wadda kwayoyin ke karɓar adadin abubuwa masu mahimmanci, da kuma motsawar dukkanin kwayoyi masu mahimmanci.
Yaraya cikin wata daya
Sau da yawa, lokacin da yaron ya kasance watanni 1, lactation a cikin mahaifiyar an riga an kafa shi, kuma ciyarwa yana faruwa bisa ga tsarin jeri ko kuma a farkon bukatar. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da ciyar da dare, wanda ya tabbatar da lactation da kuma samar da kayan da ya fi dacewa da madara, wanda aka samar da dare. Yaya yaron ya kamata ya ci a cikin watanni daya tare da ciyarwar jiki ya dogara da bukatunsa, kuma likitocin yara sun bada shawara cewa sun ba da damar yara su tsara tsawon lokacin aikace-aikace zuwa nono.
Artificial ciyar a cikin 1 watan
Ana ciyar da jaririn mai wata da cakuda idan uwar ba ta samar da madara ko don wani dalili ba jariri ba zai iya ko ba ya so ya sha madara. Idan ka ba zato ba tsammani ya hana yin shayarwa da kuma zuwa wani abu na wucin gadi, dole ne a tattauna da likitan. Yana da shawara a yayin da ake ciyar da cakuda don samun crumbs da kuma ciyar da jiki, ba tare da raunana shi ba ta hanyar jiki. Ya kamata a tuna cewa yawan adadin ya kamata a magance shi. Lokacin da yaro ya kasance wata guda daya, yawan yau da kullum na abinci yana sanya kashi biyar na nauyinsa.
Ciyar da abinci a cikin watanni daya
Irin wannan abincin ne ake yi lokacin da aka rage lactation, rashin abinci na madara saboda rashin lafiyar mahaifa, idan ana buƙatar sarrafawa ga magungunan magani. A wannan yanayin yana da mahimmanci yadda yaron ya ci a cikin watanni daya, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi kafin kuma bayan ciyar. Rashin madara yana cike da wani nau'i na wucin gadi, wanda shine kyawawa don bayar da shi daga cokali, wani sirinji ba tare da allura ba, wani pipette.
Tsarin yara a watanni daya
Wata na farko na haihuwar jariri, kamar sauran masu biyo baya, yawanci ana gudanar da su a cikin mafarki, amma wanda zai fara farawa da shi a hankali zuwa biorhythms na halitta. Don yin wannan, an bada shawara a yi wasa da magana da shi a lokacin rana, kuma kada a yi karin bayani a daren. A ƙarshen watanni daya, crumb zai ci gaba da kasancewa a farke, kuma da dare yana barci.
Nawa ne jaririn yake barci cikin wata 1?
Rashin barci a cikin watanni daya bai dace ba kuma mafi yawa ya ƙunshi wani lokaci na barci marar jinkiri, don haka jariran za su farka kamar yadda suke barci. Tsawancin lokacin barci na yau da kullum shine kimanin sa'o'i 18-20, yayin lokacin farkawa yana kusa da minti 30-60. A rana, crumb sau da yawa yana barci sau 5-8. Ana ba da shawarar inji 1-2 a rana don ya kwana tare da jaririn don mayar da karfi.
Walking a cikin 1 watan
Dole ne tsarin mulkin ranar haihuwar a farkon watanni dole ne ya hada da tafiya a cikin iska. A yanayi mai kyau, duka a yanayin sanyi da sanyi, ya kamata ka fita sau biyu ko sau uku a rana. Lokacin mafi tsawo a cikin iska da ake buƙata don hardening na crumbs, saturation na jiki tare da oxygen, samar da bitamin D - 1.5 hours a rana. Yin amfani da na'urar motsa jiki don yin tafiya, yayin tashin hankali wanda ya kamata ya dauki wani jariri a hannayensa, wani lokacin ya bar shi ya duba duk abin da ke kewaye da shi.