Dokar farko ta kudi ta ce kudin ya kamata ya yi aiki don karuwa. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa da ta dace don saka kudi a wurare dabam dabam shi ne yin ajiya a banki. Wannan ba hanyar kawai ba ne don tabbatar da kuɗin ku, amma har ma ku sami dama don karɓar kudin shiga (riba).
Amfani - mece ce?
Don ƙayyadadden yadda za a iya kwatanta irin wannan ma'amalar kuɗi kamar ajiya, kana buƙatar juya zuwa ga kalmomin kudi. Kudin yana da nau'i na musamman. Idan bashin mai siya shi ne bashin banki ga abokin ciniki, to, asusun ajiyar kuɗi ne bashi da abokan ciniki ke ba da bankin su, tare da yanayin samun kashi.
Irin wannan ma'amalar kudi yana da amfani ga bangarorin biyu, dukansu ga masu biyan kuɗi da banki. Da'awar abin da aka ajiye shi ne, mai ba da izinin samun dama:
- a sanya dokar kuɗi ta hanyar doka;
- sami garanti na aminci na kudi;
- don amfani da yawan kuɗi.
Kuma bankin yana samun dama:
- ƙara yawan canjin ku;
- ƙara yawan kudade na bashi don bukatun jama'a;
- ƙarfafa matsayi a cikin kasuwa na kasuwa.
Kudin ajiyar kuɗi - bashin bashi ga mai ba da kuɗi, kuma yana biyan kuɗin kuɗi zuwa ga mai shi bayan wani lokaci. Kafin ka ɗauki kuɗin ku zuwa banki, yanke shawara irin irin gudummawar ku da sha'awar. Wajibi ne a san abin da ke rarrabe ajiya mai sauƙi zuwa banki da sha'awa daga ajiya.
Menene bambanci tsakanin ajiya da ajiya?
Kudin ya ƙunshi fassarar mahimmanci, kuma gudummawar yana daya daga cikin manyan nau'o'in. Bambanci na farko tsakanin ajiyar kuɗi da ajiyar kuɗin shi ne cewa kawai tsabar kudi zai iya aiki a matsayin rance. Wato, abokin ciniki na bankin ya bude asusun, ya ajiye kuɗin kuɗin a kan shi kuma ya sanya shi a zubar da wannan banki na banki don cikakkiyar lokaci (ko har abada). Domin lokaci na ajiya, bankin yana da hakkin ya ba da waɗannan kuɗin a yadda ya dace.
Nau'in adibas
Kudin ajiyar banki yana da nau'o'in iri, dangane da sharuɗɗa na kwangila tsakanin ma'aikatan kudi da abokin ciniki. Don haka bankuna na iya bayar da kuɗin kuɗi tare da yanayin:
- tara kudi - ajiya tare da replenishment;
- bayanan tsabar kudi;
- ajiya tare da bukatar yanayin;
- tanadi;
- multicurrency deposit;
- ajiya tare da ƙima;
- ajiyar tsaro;
- fensho;
- zuba jari.
Kowane irin kwangila yana da halaye na kansa, tare da nuances. Kafin, don ba da fifiko ga wannan ko irin kuɗin kuɗi, yana da darajar yin nazari akan ƙarin hakkoki abin da hakkoki da alhakin da abokin ciniki (mai ba da kuɗi) zai yi, da kuma wace dama da kuma haƙƙin da banki ke karɓa a ƙarƙashin wannan yarjejeniya.
Ajiye kuɗi
Idan kayi la'akari da duk ribar da aka samu a bankuna, to, ajiyar ajiyar kuɗi ne mai kyau madadin gaggawa. Daga zaɓin farko, wannan yana nuna halin da ake iya yi na "jiko" na kudi a babban asusu - ajiya tare da sake cikawa. Wato, ta wurin ajiye adadin kuɗi a banki a kashi, abokin ciniki a hankali shi zai iya ƙara yawan ajiyar kuɗin ta hanyar ajiye sabon asusun a kan wannan asusun.
A wannan yanayin, ma, yanayin sanya kudi a kan wani lokaci wanda aka ƙayyade a cikin kwangila ko kuma tsawon lokacin buƙatun buƙatun ya shafi. Abinda kawai yake nufi shi ne abokin ciniki yayi ƙoƙari ya sake rijistar asusun na wani adadin (zaka iya ƙarin, amma ba ƙasa) a cikin kwangila ba. Kudin don ajiya irin wannan zai bambanta dangane da yanayin da bankin ya ba abokin ciniki.
Short-lokaci adibas
Daga cikin duk kayayyakin da bankin ya ba shi, yana da daraja biyan hankali ga wani ajiyar riba mai kyau - gajere. Wani ɓangaren irin wannan gudummawar a cikin lokaci na inganci. Yana nufin ajiye kudi mai yawa a gare shi don ɗan gajeren lokaci. Babbar mahimmancin irin wannan gudummawar ita ce damar da abokin ciniki zai ba shi babban adadin kuɗi tsakanin ma'amala mai tsabta. Sau da yawa irin wannan ajiyar da ake amfani da su:
- idan ana so, da sauri samun ƙarin biyan kudin daga kudaden kuɗi mai yawa;
- tabbatar da adadin kudi daga barayi;
- lokacin sayarwa da sayen kayayyaki masu tsada da tsage masu tsada.
Hanyar mafi sauƙi don biye da aiki yana tare da wannan misali. Mutum yana yin ma'amala wanda ya sayar da ɗakin. Ana biyan kuɗi a cikin tsabar kuɗi, wato, babban adadin kuɗi yana samuwa a hannun mutum. Don adana yawan kuɗin da yake a gida ba shi da kariya kuma sai abokin ciniki ya zo bankin tare da niyya don yin gudunmawa. Idan a cikin makomar nan gaba, mai ba da kuɗi zai saya babbar sayarwa, ba zai yi amfani da shi don shiga kwangila na wani lokaci ba, sannan bankin ya ba shi samfurin wanda abokin ciniki zai iya bude asusun har tsawon kwanaki.
Bincike da ake nema
Wani shahararren irin kuɗin tsabar kuɗin da ake ciki ta banki shi ne haɓaka a kan adibas. Don haka, a gaban babban kuɗin kuɗi, abokin ciniki zai iya bude asusu kuma ya ba da gudunmawa a kan yanayin da za ku iya amfani da kudi a kowane lokaci. Irin wannan ajiyar yana da kyau sosai a matsayin daya daga cikin nau'o'in kayan ajiyar gaggawa ko gudunmawa tare da karfin kudi. Saboda haka abokin ciniki, ya ba da kuɗi mai yawa a cikin asusun, a ƙarƙashin amfani, bayan wani ɗan lokaci yana da damar da za ta janye ko ƙara wani adadi.
Irin wannan samfurin banki yana da dacewa idan mutum, idan akwai babban adadin, ba ya shirin yin sayarwa mai girma a nan gaba. Kudi yana cikin asusun a asalinsa, abokin ciniki zai iya ƙara (da kyau, ko ba a ƙara) zuwa asusun na makaman ba, amma zai iya janye sha'awa a kowane lokaci. Akwai damar da za a yi amfani da duk gudunmawar ko bangare a duk lokacin da za a so.
Abũbuwan amfãni:
- Babu ƙuntatawa akan adadin ajiyar kuɗi;
- cikakken 'yancin yin aiki na abokin ciniki.
Abubuwa mara kyau:
- Yanayi ba su da amfani ga ƙananan kuɗi;
- bashin kuɗi yana da ƙasa.
Amfani daga bangaren kudi na irin wannan samfurin zai zama abokin ciniki ne kawai idan an sanya kudi mai yawa. Tare da adadin kuɗin ajiyar kuɗi don tara jari, yana da daraja zaɓar wani samfurin banki. Samun buƙatar zai zama dacewa ga haɗin lokaci mai tsawo ko a matsayin gudunmawar yara "har zuwa tsufa".
Savings ajiya
Fahimtar tambayar da abin da aka tanadi shi ne, yana da kyau a kula da wani nau'in sabis ɗin. Irin wannan asusun ajiyar kuɗi kamar ajiyar ajiyar kuɗi yana da amfani ne kawai idan an saka adadin kudi a kan asusu. A wannan yanayin, burin da ake da shi a cikin asusun ajiyar kuɗi ne daga kuɗi. Jiki na ajiya dole ne ya zama barga a cikin lokacin da aka ƙayyade a kwangilar. Irin wannan ajiya ba za a iya janye daga banki a kowane lokaci ba, sai bayan ƙarewar lokaci a karkashin kwangilar. Wannan zabi na ajiya yana buƙatar tsananin yarda da dokokin.
Ƙididdiga masu yawa
Yana da muhimmanci a san abin da ajiyar yake a cikin wani zaɓi mai yawa. Matsayi maras kyau na raka'a kuɗi ya sa bankuna suna nemowa da kirkiro sababbin kaya don abokan ciniki. Sabili da haka yawancin kuɗi zai ba da damar abokin ciniki don amfani da musayar kudin a cikin ajiya a kansa. Hanyoyin kasuwanci sun nuna cewa asusun ajiyar kuɗi a cikin ƙananan waje shi ne kashin da ya fi dacewa.
Ajiye da ƙimar kuɗi
Kudin tanadi na gaggawa - yana da nau'i na mafi dacewa da mafi sauki ga zaɓin abokan ciniki don ajiye kudi a banki a sha'awa. Babban amfanin wannan zabi ya hada da:
- iyawar abokin ciniki don saka idanu duk ma'amaloli tare da ajiya;
- da 'yancin yin jadawalin ajiya a kowane lokaci a hankali;
- karbi babban adadin banki;
- da damar da za a janye kudi a kowane lokaci;
- yawancin sha'awa yana faruwa akan ainihin adadin a kan asusun (ƙimar yawan sha'awa).
Halin saurin biyan bukatun kuɗi shine mafi asarar kuɗi idan abokin ciniki ba ya janye kudi kuma ya sami sha'awa har dogon lokaci. Sa'an nan kuma tare da karuwa a hankali a cikin jiki na gudunmawar, yawan ya karu. Yayinda yake kara yawan kuɗin, yawan kudin da ake amfani da ita ya karu a asusun ajiya.
Tsaran kudi
Domin cikakken fahimtar hoto na manufofin jinginar, dole ne mutum yayi la'akari da abin da ajiyar yake nufi, wanda asusun ajiyar kuɗin ba kawai kudi ne kawai ba, amma har da ajiyar ajiya. Don haka, don ba da ma'anar ajiyar ajiyar kuɗi shi ne mafi sauki tare da misali. Yawanci sau da yawa irin wannan ajiya ana amfani dashi lokacin yin haya gidaje ko dukiyar da za a iya tsabtace ku. Mai shi, mai kula da gida, don tabbatar da dukiyoyinsa akan manufar mutum (lalacewar dukiyoyi, rashin cin kuɗin biyan kuɗi, da sauransu).
Kudin ajiya
Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka lokacin da mutum yana buƙatar yin amfani da adadi na dogon lokaci. Mene ne kudin ajiyar kuɗi - irin wannan samfurin banki na iya samuwa a tsawon shekaru. Wannan shi ne kudin da ya fi amfani da shi tare da sake cikawa. Bayan 'yan shekaru kafin yin ritaya, abokin ciniki na bankin ya buɗe asusun ajiyar ajiyar ajiyar ajiyar ajiyar kuɗin ajiya, wanda akwai ƙidaya na ƙarshe daga katin don biya (albashi).
Bayan ritaya, abokin ciniki yana da hakkin:
- Yi amfani da gudummawar ku a hankali;
- ƙara jiki na ajiya a hankali;
- kawai dauka sha'awa sau ɗaya a wata.
Kushin ritaya na iya ƙididdige cirewar sha'awa sau ɗaya a wata a katin katin kuɗi na abokin ciniki. Wannan zaɓi na ajiya yana buƙatar cikakken fahimta tare da duk yanayin da bankin yayi. Yana da muhimmanci a kula da ka'idodin da asusun ajiyar kuɗi. Haɗarin shine cewa bankin na iya "ƙonewa" sannan kuma tanadi na ajiya zai sami ceto kawai ta hanyar inshora mai haɗi.
Kudin saka jari
Idan abokin ciniki yana da sha'awar tambayar yadda za a biya kuɗi a kan ajiya, bankin ya ba shi samfurin na gaba - ajiyar zuba jari. Wannan halayyar dangi ne a cikin kasuwannin bayanan Soviet. Dalili na irin wannan ajiya shi ne cewa ka'idodi na musamman sun haɗa da ka'idodin da abokin ciniki ke ɗaukar wajibi ne don sayen ɓangare na asusun zuba jari. Amfani da irin wannan ajiya shine cewa idan kasuwa ke girma, to, abokin ciniki yana samun kudin shiga, amma idan kasuwa ya ƙasa, abokin ciniki ya rasa kuɗi. Wannan zaɓi na ajiya yana karɓa ne kawai idan abokin ciniki yana da masaniya game da amfani da kasada na kunna musayar ciniki.