Ciwon nephropathy na ciwon ƙwayar abu ne mai rikitarwa na sauye-sauye a cikin tasoshin jini na kodan da aka lura a duka iri biyu na ciwon sukari. Wannan gwagwarmaya ana bincikar shi a game da 10-20% na marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari.
Dalilin cutar nephropathy na ciwon sukari
Babban dalilai da ke haifar da ci gaba da cutar, su ne hyperglycemia (jini mai tsanani) da kuma tsaftaitaccen cin zarafi na cin zarafin carbohydrate metabolism. A sakamakon wannan, matakan binciken kwayoyin halitta sun canza sauƙi: rashin cin zarafi na makamashi na lantarki, musayar magungunan mai, mai karuwa a cikin safarar oxygen,
Glucose yana da haɗari a kan kwayoyin kodan, har ma da kunna ayyukan da ke haifar da lalacewa da kuma kara haɓaka da ganuwar su. Saboda lalata tsarin kulawa a cikin ciwon sukari, ƙwayoyin magunguna suna kara matsa lamba, kuma an lalata tasoshin ta hanyar haɗin kai. Har ila yau, wani rawa wajen ci gaba da neuropathy na ciwon sukari yana takaita ta hauhawar jini da rashin lafiya na jini, kamar yadda kwayoyin halitta suke ciki.
Cutar cututtuka da kuma matakai na nephropathy na ciwon sukari
A ci gaba da wannan rikitarwa, sau biyar an bambanta, uku daga cikinsu sune mahimmanci, wato. Maganin nephropathy na ciwon ƙari a farko ba shi da bayyanuwar waje kuma za a iya ƙaddara ta hanyar samfurori na musamman ko ta biopsy. Duk da haka, ganewar ilimin lissafi a farkon matakai yana da matukar muhimmanci, saboda Sai kawai a cikin wannan lokacin shi har yanzu yana iya canzawa. Bari mu bincika dalla-dalla game da yadda ake canje-canje a kowane mataki na cutar.
Sashe na I - ƙari da yawa na ƙwayoyin halitta, ƙara yawan ƙwayar cuta da kuma tsabtace fitsari (hyperfunction of organs).
Tashi na biyu - yana faruwa kamar shekaru 2 bayan farawa na ciwon sukari. Girman ganuwar ganuwar ƙananan ruwa shine halayyar.
Sashe na III - babbar lalacewar tasoshin koda, microalbuminuria (karamin adadin sunadarai a cikin fitsari), canji a cikin tsararru na jinsin halitta.
Matsayi na IV - yana faruwa shekaru 10 zuwa 15 bayan farawa na ciwon sukari. Halin fasali sune:
- proteinuria (rarraba yawan adadin furotin a cikin fitsari);
- mummunan kumburi a kafafu, fuska, kogi na ciki, da sauransu.
- rage jiki nauyi;
- rashin ƙarfi;
- Nausea;
- ƙishirwa.
- yawan ciwon kai ;
- karuwa a karfin jini.
Matakan V - kusan cikakkiyar maganin ƙwayar cuta, wanda yake da muhimmanci ƙwarai a cikin ƙyama da kuma ƙaddamar da kodan. Sauran alamu sune:
- babban proteinuria;
- da ci gaban anemia;
- babban kumburi;
- ragewar hyperglycemia;
- ciwo na dyspeptic;
- cututtuka, da dai sauransu.
Yadda za a bi da nephropathy na ciwon sukari?
A lura da ilimin pathology, akwai manyan abubuwa uku:
- rike matakin mafi kyau na sukari cikin jini;
- Farkawar hawan jini tare da microalbuminuria;
- rigakafi na saurin karfin aikin koda da kuma ci gaba da wani mataki na anuric na ƙananan hasara;
- detoxification far.
A cikin maganin cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sukari, ana amfani da irin waɗannan kungiyoyin kwayoyi:
- shirye-shiryen hypoglycemic;
- inhibitors na angiotensin-musanya enzyme;
- angiotensin receptor antagonists;
- beta-blockers;
- allura tashar blockers;
- shirye-shirye don daidaitawa na lipid bakan jini;
- diuretics ;
- sorbents;
- antizotemics da sauransu.
Yana buƙatar yin biyayyar abinci maras yisti da kuma gishiri, rage rage cin naman. Idan aikin koda ya karya mahimmanci, zai yiwu a gudanar da farfadowa na maye gurbin (hemodialysis, dindindin peritoneal dialysis).