Cibiyar Bincike na Perinatal

Macewar da ke ciki na tayin a kasashen da dama ya zama wuri na farko a tsarin tsarin mace mai mutuwa. Haka kuma yara da suke gudanar da rayuwarsu, sau da yawa sukan zama marasa lafiya, duk da ciwon da ake yi.

Domin ya hana irin wannan yanayi, an tsara dukkan tsarin matakan da ake amfani da shi don hana ilimin hanyoyin intrauterine, wadda ake kira prenatal, ko ganewar asali. Irin wannan bincike ne da ake gudanar a kusan kowace cibiyar tsara iyali da kuma tantancewar cututtuka.

Mene ne ainihin ganewar asali kuma me yasa ake bukata?

Idan muka yi la'akari da irin wannan bincike a cikin cikakken bayani kuma muyi magana game da abin da ainihin manufar ganewar ganewar jiki, to, hakika, wannan shine farkon ganowar cututtuka na tayi, ko da a mataki na kasancewa cikin mahaifiyar. Wannan magungunan magani yana da damuwa sosai da kafa chromosomal, cututtuka da ke haifar da cutar a cikin jaririn nan gaba.

Don haka, likitocin yau suna da damar da za su iya gane yiwuwar samun jariri tare da halayen halayen chromosomal da suka rigaya a cikin shekaru 1 na ciki tare da matsayi mai zurfi (kimanin 90%). An biya hankali sosai ga irin cututtukan cututtuka irin su Down syndrome, Edwards ciwo, Patau cuta (trisomy na 21, 18 da 13 chromosomes).

Bugu da ƙari, a matsayin ɓangare na ƙaddamar da gwaje-gwaje don ganewar asali, duban dan tayi zai iya tantance cututtuka irin su cututtukan zuciya, rushewa da kwakwalwa da ƙwararriya, kododin tayin, da dai sauransu.

Mene ne hanyoyi guda biyu da ake amfani da su don ganewar asali?

Da yake ya fada cewa wannan ƙaddara ne, da abin da aka yi, za mu yi la'akari da ainihin irin bincike tare da shi.

Da farko dai, dole ne a ce game da gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje, wanda kusan kowace mace ta ji a yayin da aka fara jaririnta. Na farko irin wannan nazarin ana aiwatar da shi a cikin makonni 12, kuma ake kira "gwaji na biyu". A mataki na farko, mace tana karɓar duban dan tayi a kan na'ura na musamman, wanda ya bambanta da gaske daga abin da aka saba amfani dasu don gabobin ciki. Lokacin da aka gudanar, ana kula da hankali sosai ga dabi'u na waɗannan sigogi a matsayin adadin coccygeal-parietal (CTE), da kauri daga sararin samaniya.

Har ila yau, ƙididdige yawan nauyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar, ba tare da ɓarna ƙananan abubuwan da ke faruwa ba.

Mataki na biyu na gudanar da nazarin gwaje-gwaje, ya shafi nazarin jini na iyaye a nan gaba. Don yin wannan, ana dauke da kwayar halitta da veins kuma aka aika zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje, inda aka gudanar da bincike akan matakin hormones da aka tsara ta hanyar kai tsaye ta wurin mahaifa. Wadannan sunadaran sunadaran biyu da suka haɗu da ciki: RAPP-A da kyautar kyautar gonadotropin chorionic (hCG). Tare da halayen halayen chromosomal, abun cikin wadannan sunadarai a cikin jini yana ƙaura daga al'ada.

Bayanan da aka samo asali daga irin waɗannan nazarin an shigar da su a cikin shirin komfuta na musamman wanda ya kirkiro haɗarin haɓaka ƙwayar cututtuka na chromosomal a cikin jariri a nan gaba. A sakamakon haka, tsarin kanta yana ƙayyade ko mace tana cikin haɗari ko a'a.

Hanyoyi masu hanzari su ne na biyu na bincike. A lokaci guda kuma, mahaifiyar da ke gaba zata ɗauka wani nau'in ƙwayar cuta mai ƙwayar cuta (wani ƙananan samfurori ne na nama a cikin ƙwayar cuta) ko amniocentesis (amniotic fluid intake).

Ana yin duk wadannan takunkumi a ƙarƙashin ikon kula da duban dan tayi don kada ya lalata jariri, kuma kawai ta hanyar kwararrun likita. Ana aika sassan jikin tayi zuwa nazarin kwayoyin halitta na karyotype, bayan haka aka ba mahaifiyar amsar ainihin - ko jaririn yana da nakasa maras kyau ko a'a. Irin wannan binciken, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana gudanar da shi tare da gwajin gwaje-gwaje masu kyau.

Sabili da haka, kowane mace ya san dalilin da yasa aka gano mahimmancin aikin a cikin cibiyar, kuma fahimtar muhimmancin waɗannan nazarin.