A {asar Arizona, {asar Amirka na] aya daga cikin abubuwan ban mamaki da suka faru a duniya - Grand Canyon. Wannan wata babbar tsutsawa a ƙasa, wadda ta kori ta Colorado River na miliyoyin shekaru. An kafa tudun saboda yawan tsari na yaduwar ƙasa, kuma ita ce mafi kyawun misali. Ruwansa ya kai 1800 m, kuma fadin a wasu wurare ya kai kimanin kilomita 30: godiya ga wannan Grand Canyon an dauke shi mafi girma a cikin Amurka da kuma duniya baki ɗaya. A kan ganuwar kwazazzabi zaku iya nazarin ilimin kimiyya da ilmin kimiyya, domin sun bar alamun yanayi na zamani guda hudu, wanda duniya ta damu.
Ruwa na kogin da yake gudana a ƙarƙashin ramin yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa saboda yashi, yumbu da duwatsu cewa yana wankewa. A kwazazzabo kanta cike da gungu na cliffs. Abubuwan da suke da su suna da ban mamaki: raguwa, rushewa da sauran abubuwan da suka faru na halitta sun haifar da gaskiyar cewa wasu kudancin dutse suna kama da hasumiya, wasu - akan Sinanci da sauran mutane - a kan ganuwar garu, da sauransu. Kuma duk wannan aiki ne na musamman, ba tare da tsangwama na ɗan adam ba!
Amma yanayi mafi ban mamaki na Grand Canyon: yana da yanayi daban-daban na yanayi tare da yanayi daban-daban. Wannan shine abin da ake kira zonation mai zurfi, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na iska, zafi da murfin ƙasa sun bambanta sosai a wurare daban-daban. Wakilan mamaye na gida suna da bambanci sosai. Idan kasan gwal yana da kyakkyawan wuri mai hamada na kudu maso yammacin Arewacin Amirka ( nau'o'in cacti , yucca, agave), sa'an nan kuma a launi na pine pine da itatuwan juniper, spruce da fir, yawanci don yin sanyi.
Tarihi da abubuwan jan hankali na Grand Canyon
Wannan yankin ya san Indiyawan Indiya shekaru da yawa da suka wuce. Wannan yana nunawa ta dutsen zane.
Sun bude wajibi ga mutanen Turai daga Spain: na farko a shekara ta 1540, ƙungiyar Mutanen Espanya, suna tafiya don neman zinariya, sunyi ƙoƙari su sauka zuwa kasan gwanin, amma ba wani amfani ba. Kuma riga a 1776 akwai firistoci guda biyu da suke neman hanya zuwa California. Hanyar bincike na farko a kan Colorado Plateau, inda Grand Canyon ke samuwa, shine aikin kimiyya na John Powell a 1869.
A yau, Grand Canyon na daga cikin filin shakatawa na wannan sunan, wadda take a Jihar Arizona. Daga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin gundumomi sun fito ne don kyawawan abubuwan Bukans-Stone, Fern Glen Canyon, Shiva Temple da sauransu. Yawancin su suna a gefen kudancin kogi, wanda ya fi yawanci fiye da arewa. Daga cikin abubuwan da aka sanya mutum ya zama abin tunawa daya kawai - alamar tunawa da takarda a kan kabilu Indiya, suna kira wannan wurin su gida (Zuni, Navajo da Apache).
Yadda za a je Grand Canyon a Amurka?
Zai fi sauƙi don zuwa kan tashar daga Las Vegas , kuma ana iya yin hakan a hanyoyi da yawa: ta hanyar haya mota ko yin umarni da yawon shakatawa ta hanyar bas, jirgin sama ko ma jirgin haikopta. Ƙofar Grand Canyon yana kimanin kimanin dala 20, yana aiki ne kawai kwana 7, a wace lokaci
Masu sha'awar kullun suna zuwa Grand Canyon don su sauka a kan tekun Colorado a kan tasowa. Sauran abubuwan nishaɗi na gida suna zuwa cikin tashar kankara a kan alfadarai da gudun hijira a kan kwazazzabo. An gayyaci masu yawon shakatawa masu hankali don duba tashar daga ɗayan ma'anar kallo: mafi mashahuri shine Skywalk, tushensa shine gilashi. A baya, a cikin shekaru 40-50 na karni na karshe, abin da ake kira jirgin sama a kan jirgin saman fasinja a kan Grand Canyon ya zama sananne, amma bayan da mummunar haɗari na jiragen sama biyu a 1956, an dakatar da su.